朋友，年底了，这一年里你家长辈（或者你自己）都往家庭群和朋友圈里发过什么配备劲爆标题的虚假“养生秘籍”和“生活贴士”呢？

你（或者你的家人）是否不堪其扰又苦于无法进行权威辟谣？

放着让我们来！

12月17日，中国科协在北京举办“典赞•2019科普中国”活动。活动现场发布了多项科技领域评选结果，其中最受关注的2019年十大“科学”流言终结榜也新鲜出炉。

The China Association for Science and Technology held the "Dianzan 2019 popularization of science in China" event in Beijing on Tuesday. A number of science and technology awards were released at the event, including the most talked-about list of the top 10 "science" rumors in 2019.

转发键准备好，这份双语辟谣指南还请你（和你的家人）收下

第一回合：5G基站辐射对人体会产生很大影响？

The radiation from 5G base stations is very hazardous

辟谣：

手机、基站的电磁辐射能量较小，无法造成DNA链断裂。

按照国家标准要求，通信基站的电磁辐射需要小于40微瓦／平方厘米。在实际执行的时候，运营商考虑到不同制式无线通信信号的叠加，工程施工会控制在8微瓦／平方厘米以内。

The electromagnetic radiation energy of mobile phones and base stations is small and so it cannot break the DNA chain.

The national standard requires the electromagnetic radiation of a communication base station under 40 MWH/cm2. In practice, it will be limited to less than 8 MWH/cm2. The actual level of electromagnetic radiation in the environment is much lower than the safe limit.

第二回合：中国高铁辐射严重，“坐高铁=照X光”？

Taking China's high-speed trains = taking X-rays

辟谣：

中国高铁的电磁辐射量要远远低于国际标准，根本不可能对人体造成伤害。

国际非电离辐射防护委员会规定，高铁产生的磁场辐射的安全标准为100微特斯拉（磁感应强度单位）以下，电场辐射的安全标准为5千伏/米以下。北京铁路局专业人士曾专门对高铁车厢中的电场辐射进行测量并公开测量数据，电场辐射值分布在0.011—0.021千伏/米范围内。

The international safety standard for magnetic field radiation from high-speed trains is less than 100 μT, and for electric field radiation is less than five kV/m. The electric field radiation value in China's high-speed railway carriages as measured by professionals is in the range of 0.011 – 0.021 kV/m, which is much lower than the standard.

第三回合：长期服用降压药致死？

Long-term use of antihypertensive drugs leads to death

辟谣：

高血压是一种常见疾病，如果长期得不到有效治疗，会导致身体靶器官的损伤或衰竭，最终造成患者死亡。服用降压药的目的是为了避免靶器官的损害，所以并不会造成患者的死亡。

High blood pressure is a common disease which, if left untreated for a long time, can lead to damage or failure of the body's target organs, and ultimately death. The purpose of taking antihypertensive drugs is to avoid damage to the target organs.

第四回合：电子烟无毒无害，是戒烟的利器？

E-cigarettes are non-toxic, and helpful for quitting smoking

辟谣：

虽然电子烟不含焦油，相对传统卷烟危害小一些，但电子烟中含有对健康有害的尼古丁。

Although e-cigarettes contain no tar and are less harmful than traditional cigarettes, they contain nicotine which is the main addictive component of cigarettes. Some e-cigarettes even contain more nicotine than traditional cigarettes, so they can't help smokers quit effectively.

第五回合：饥饿能够“饿死”肿瘤，延缓衰老？

Hunger can "starve" tumors and slow aging

辟谣：

研究发现，营养不良的人肿瘤发生率更高，肿瘤患者发生营养不良的几率也明显高于其他良性疾病。

另外，“细胞饥饿”并不等于我们日常所理解的饥饿，断食、辟谷也不等于医学研究中的自噬，现阶段的自噬研究离临床应用还相当遥远，自噬与抗肿瘤、衰老的关系也尚不明确。

Studies have found that the incidence of cancer is higher in people with malnutrition, and if cancer patients suffer from combined malnutrition, their immunity will further decline.

In addition, "cell starvation" isn't as same as the hunger we understand, and starvation-induced autophagy doesn't mean cutting off food. The relationship between autophagy and anti-tumor and anti-aging processes remains unclear.

第六回合：孕妇不可接种流感疫苗？

Pregnant women should not get flu shots

辟谣：

所有在流感季节怀孕的妇女都被建议注射流感疫苗，灭活疫苗在妊娠的任何阶段对母亲和婴儿都是安全的。

但孕妇在接种疫苗时应注意，孕期接种灭活疫苗是可以的，但应禁止接种非灭活疫苗。

It's safe to get a flu shot during pregnancy. In fact, all women who are pregnant during flu season are recommended to get a flu shot, regardless of their trimester.

Inactivated vaccines are safe for both mother and baby during any stage of pregnancy. But the nasal spray vaccine isn't recommended for use by pregnant women.

第七回合：抑郁症不是病，就是太矫情？

Depression is not an illness

辟谣：

抑郁症是一种真实存在的疾病，它是一种情绪障碍，会导致持续性的情绪低落，注意力难以集中、记忆力减退以及失眠等症状。

Depression is a real illness that affects people in different ways. It is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. For many people with depression, symptoms usually are severe enough to cause noticeable problems in day-to-day activities.

第八回合：低盐饮食不健康？

A low-sodium diet is unhealthy

辟谣：

一般成人每天摄入3克食盐就可以维持生理基本需要，过量摄入食盐会引起许多健康问题，如引发高血压、骨质疏松甚至胃癌等疾病。

According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the daily value for sodium is less than 2,300 milligrams (mg) per day. The average adult needs just three grams of salt a day to maintain basic physiological needs, diets higher in sodium are associated with an increased risk of developing high blood pressure.

第九回合：近视能治愈？

Myopia can be cured

辟谣：

近视只能被“矫正”，不可“治愈”。

There is no cure for nearsightedness. But the progression can be slowed during childhood and among teenagers by focusing light on the retina through the use of corrective lenses or refractive surgery.

第十回合：液化气钢瓶着火一定要先灭火再关阀门？

LPG cylinder fire extinguishing shall be ahead of valve shut-off

辟谣：

在保证安全的情况下优先关闭钢瓶阀门，装有液化气体的钢瓶严禁卧放！

It is safe to close the cylinder valve as this will usually stop the gas flow and any flames from the valve. Cylinders containing liquefied gases (e.g. LPG, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide) must be stored in an upright position. Care must be taken not to knock cylinders over when cooling. A flame from a gas cylinder whose valve cannot be closed shall normally be left to burn while cooling the cylinder with water.

好了，辟谣完毕，你们可以转发了。

但是小编只负责辟谣不负责“善后”哦，命运也许会随机抽取“幸运儿”获得“被踢出家庭群”机会一次