As residents along the Louisiana coast surveyed the damage left after Hurricane Ida came ashore, and a day after Tropical Storm Julian formed and was quickly downgraded, Tropical Storm Kate formed in the Atlantic Ocean on Monday, becoming the 11th named storm of a busy hurricane season.

随着路易斯安那州沿岸居民调查飓风艾达登陆后造成的破坏，以及热带风暴朱利安形成并迅速减弱一天后，热带风暴凯特周一在大西洋形成，成为繁忙飓风季节第11个被命名的风暴。

The National Hurricane Center said Tropical Storm Kate would move over the open waters of the central Atlantic Ocean. There were no coastal watches or warnings in effect for the storm.

国家飓风中心表示，热带风暴凯特将移动到大西洋中部的开阔水域。目前还没有海岸预警或风暴预警。

It’s been a dizzying few weeks for meteorologists who monitored several named storms that formed in quick succession in the Atlantic, bringing stormy weather, flooding and damaging winds to parts of the United States and the Caribbean. In addition to Ida and Julian, in the last few weeks Tropical Storm Fred made landfall in the Florida Panhandle, Hurricane Grace hit Haiti and Mexico, and Tropical Storm Henri knocked out power and brought record rainfall to the Northeastern United States.

对气象学家来说，这几周让人眼花缭乱，他们监测到大西洋上连续快速形成的几场命名风暴，给美国和加勒比部分地区带来了暴风雨天气、洪水和破坏性大风。除了“艾达”和“朱利安”，过去几周，热带风暴弗雷德在佛罗里达狭长地带登陆，飓风“格蕾丝”袭击了海地和墨西哥，热带风暴“亨利”破坏了电力，给美国东北部带来了创纪录的降雨量。

The links between hurricanes and climate change are becoming more apparent. A warming planet can expect stronger hurricanes over time, and a higher incidence of the most powerful storms — though the overall number of storms could drop, because factors like stronger wind shear could keep weaker storms from forming.

飓风和气候变化之间的联系正变得越来越明显。随着时间的推移，气候变暖的地球可能会出现更强的飓风，最强风暴的发生率也会更高——尽管风暴的总体数量可能会下降，因为更强的风切变等因素可能会阻止较弱风暴的形成。

Hurricanes are also becoming wetter because of more water vapor in the warmer atmosphere; scientists have suggested storms like Hurricane Harvey in 2017 produced far more rain than they would have without the human effects on climate. Also, rising sea levels are contributing to higher storm surge — the most destructive element of tropical cyclones.

由于大气变暖，水汽增多，飓风也变得越来越潮湿;科学家表示，如果没有人类对气候的影响，像2017年的哈维飓风这样的风暴产生的降雨要多得多。此外，海平面上升导致了风暴潮的增加，这是热带气旋中最具破坏性的因素。

A major United Nations climate report released in August warned that nations have delayed curbing their fossil-fuel emissions for so long that they can no longer stop global warming from intensifying over the next 30 years, leading to more frequent life-threatening heat waves and severe droughts. Tropical cyclones have likely become more intense over the past 40 years, the report said, a shift that cannot be explained by natural variability alone.

联合国(United Nations)今年8月发布的一份重要气候报告警告称，各国在遏制化石燃料排放方面拖延的时间太长了，以至于它们再也无法阻止全球变暖在未来30年加剧，导致危及生命的热浪和严重干旱更加频繁。报告说，过去40年里，热带气旋可能变得更加强烈，这种变化不能仅用自然变化来解释。

Ana became the first named storm of the season on May 23, making this the seventh year in a row that a named storm developed in the Atlantic before the official start of the season on June 1.

Ana在5月23日成为本季第一个被命名的风暴，这是在6月1日正式开始前连续第七年在大西洋出现一个被命名的风暴。

In May, scientists with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration forecast that there would be 13 to 20 named storms this year, six to 10 of which would be hurricanes, and three to five major hurricanes of Category 3 or higher in the Atlantic. In early August, in a midseason update to the forecast, they continued to warn that this year’s hurricane season will be an above average one, suggesting a busy end to the season.

今年5月，美国国家海洋和大气管理局的科学家预测，今年将有13至20个已命名的风暴，其中6至10个将是飓风，大西洋将有3至5个级别为3级或更高的主要飓风。8月初，在季节中期的一次预报更新中，他们继续警告说，今年的飓风季将高于平均水平，这意味着飓风季结束时将会很繁忙。

Matthew Rosencrans, of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, said that an updated forecast suggested that there would be 15 to 21 named storms, including seven to 10 hurricanes, by the end of the season on Nov. 30. Kate is the 11th named storm of 2021.

美国国家海洋和大气管理局的马修·罗森格兰斯(Matthew Rosencrans)说，最新的预报显示，到11月30日这个季节结束时，将有15至21个已命名的风暴，包括7至10个飓风。凯特是2021年第11个被命名的风暴。

Last year, there were 30 named storms, including six major hurricanes, forcing meteorologists to exhaust the alphabet for the second time and move to using Greek letters.

去年，有30个被命名的风暴，包括6个主要飓风，迫使气象学家第二次用尽字母表，转而使用希腊字母。

It was the highest number of storms on record, surpassing the 28 from 2005, and included the second-highest number of hurricanes on record.

这是有记录以来风暴次数最多的一次，超过了2005年的28次，飓风数量也达到了有记录以来的第二高。