Hadoop 2.5.2分布式集群搭建（二）Hadoop部署配置

Java开发之路 06-01 409

前言：

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这篇文章接上篇文章，Hadoop 2.5.2分布式集群搭建（一）基本环境搭建（虚拟机），接下来该正式将Hadoop部署配置。

5.安装hadoop

自己去hadoop官网下载你所需要的Hadoop 版本，我这边用的是Hadoop 2.5.2

先要下载一个Hadoop 2.5.2复制到master服务器的/usr/local路径下，

# cd /usr/local

# wget

下载完成后将之解压出来

# tar -zxvf hadoop-2.5.2.tar.gz

# cd hadoop-2.5.2

# mkdir data //用于制定hadoop的hadoop.tmp.dir目录

vim命令修改hadoop core-site.xml文件

# vim /usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

编辑修改etc/hadoop/core-site.xml 配置如下，

<name>fs.default.name</name>

<value>hdfs://Hmaster:9000</value>

</property>

<name>io.file.buffer.size</name>

</property>

<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>

<value>/usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2/data</value>

</property>

</configuration>

编辑修改etc/conf/mapred-site.xml 配置如下，

<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>

</property>

<name>mapreduce.jobtracker.http.address</name>

<value>Hmaster:50030</value>

</property>

<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>

<value>Hmaster:10020</value>

</property>

<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>

<value>Hmaster:19888</value>

</property>

</configuration>

conf/hdfs-site.xml 配置如下,注意文件路径中不要包含一些点、逗号等特殊字符,文件路径需要写成完全路径，以file:开头

<name>dfs.replication</name>

</property>

<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>

<value>file:/usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2/dfs/name</value>

</property>

<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>

<value>file:/usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2/dfs/data</value>

</property>

<name>dfs.permissions</name>

<value>false</value>

</property>

<name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>

</property>

<name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address</name>

<value>Hmaster:9000</value>

</property>

<name>dfs.block.size</name>

</property>

</configuration

编辑修改etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml

<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>

<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>

</property>

<name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>

<value>Hmaster:8032</value>

</property>

<name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>

<value>Hmaster:8030</value>

</property>

<name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>

<value>Hmaster:8031</value>

</property>

<name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>

<value>Hmaster:8033</value>

</property>

<name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>

<value>Hmaster:8088</value>

</property>

</configuration>

然后修改 etc/hadoop/slaves，这是为了可以通过全局命名令识别控制各台服务器

Hslave1

Hslave2

Hslave3

etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh和yarn-env.sh中配置Java环境变量

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/default

可以使用scp 直接把以上配置文件copy到另外的服务器集群上

# scp -r hadoop-2.5.2 root@Hslave1:/usr/local

# scp -r hadoop-2.5.2 root@Hslave2:/usr/local

# scp -r hadoop-2.5.2 root@Hslave3:/usr/local

编辑修改/etc/profile文件，用来配置hadoop环境变量

#HADOOP VARIABLES START

export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2

export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME

export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME

export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME

export HADOOP_YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME

export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop

export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$HADOOP_HOME/lib

export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native

export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_HOME/lib:$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native"

#HADOOP VARIABLES END

至此，基本的分布式hadoop环境配置已经搭建完毕，接下来需要进行启动验证。

6.启动验证hadoop

（1）格式化文件系统

# cd /usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2

# ./bin/hdfs namenode -format

17/11/04 22:19:13 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG:

/************************************************************

STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNode

STARTUP_MSG: host = Hmaster/192.168.0.200

STARTUP_MSG: args = [-format]

STARTUP_MSG: version = 2.5.2

STARTUP_MSG: classpath = /usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2/etc/hadoop:/usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-configuration-1.6.jar:/usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/common/lib/jasper-compiler-5.5.23.jar:/usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/common/lib/activation-1.1.jar:/usr/local/hadoop-

...

STARTUP_MSG: build = -r cc72e9b000545b86b75a61f4835eb86d57bfafc0; compiled by 'jenkins' on 2014-11-14T23:45Z

STARTUP_MSG: java = 1.8.0_91

************************************************************/

17/11/04 22:19:13 INFO namenode.NameNode: registered UNIX signal handlers for [TERM, HUP, INT]

17/11/04 22:19:13 INFO namenode.NameNode: createNameNode [-format]

Formatting using clusterid: CID-c7182aaa-a763-4276-b7eb-f11b4bd86a63

17/11/04 22:19:14 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsLock is fair:true

17/11/04 22:19:14 INFO blockmanagement.DatanodeManager: dfs.block.invalidate.limit=1000

17/11/04 22:19:14 INFO blockmanagement.DatanodeManager: dfs.namenode.datanode.registration.ip-hostname-check=true

17/11/04 22:19:14 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: dfs.namenode.startup.delay.block.deletion.sec is set to 000:00:00:00.000

17/11/04 22:19:14 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: The block deletion will start around 2017 十一月 04 22:19:14

17/11/04 22:19:14 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map BlocksMap

17/11/04 22:19:14 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit

17/11/04 22:19:14 INFO util.GSet: 2.0% max memory 966.7 MB = 19.3 MB

17/11/04 22:19:14 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^21 = 2097152 entries

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: dfs.block.access.token.enable=false

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: defaultReplication = 3

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: maxReplication = 512

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: minReplication = 1

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: maxReplicationStreams = 2

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: shouldCheckForEnoughRacks = false

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: replicationRecheckInterval = 3000

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: encryptDataTransfer = false

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: maxNumBlocksToLog = 1000

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsOwner = root (auth:SIMPLE)

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: supergroup = supergroup

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isPermissionEnabled = false

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: HA Enabled: false

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Append Enabled: true

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map INodeMap

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO util.GSet: 1.0% max memory 966.7 MB = 9.7 MB

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^20 = 1048576 entries

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.NameNode: Caching file names occuring more than 10 times

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map cachedBlocks

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO util.GSet: 0.25% max memory 966.7 MB = 2.4 MB

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^18 = 262144 entries

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.threshold-pct = 0.9990000128746033

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.min.datanodes = 0

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.extension = 30000

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Retry cache on namenode is enabled

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Retry cache will use 0.03 of total heap and retry cache entry expiry time is 600000 millis

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map NameNodeRetryCache

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO util.GSet: 0.029999999329447746% max memory 966.7 MB = 297.0 KB

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^15 = 32768 entries

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.NNConf: ACLs enabled? false

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.NNConf: XAttrs enabled? true

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.NNConf: Maximum size of an xattr: 16384

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.FSImage: Allocated new BlockPoolId: BP-1165534849-192.168.0.200-1509805155604

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.NNStorageRetentionManager: Going to retain 1 images with txid >= 0

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO util.ExitUtil: Exiting with status 0

17/11/04 22:19:15 INFO namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG:

/************************************************************

SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at Hmaster/192.168.0.200

************************************************************/

如果遇到启动失败的情况，则需要我们手动创建目录

# mkdir /usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2/dfs

如果成功会显示

INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.

(2) 启动hadoop

# cd /usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2

# sbin/start-all.sh

启动日志如下

在master和三台slave上执行命令jps查看java进程，成功启动情况如下，

# Hmaster 情况

# jps

5346 ResourceManager

5619 Jps

5206 SecondaryNameNode

5032 NameNode

# Hslave1 Hslave2 Hslave3 情况

4291 NodeManager

4133 DataNode

4460 Jps

如果出现以下输出使其卡着不动，则要在/etc/ssh/ssh_config 文件中添加

StrictHostKeyChecking no 然后重启ssh服务/etc/init.d/ssh restart

...

The authenticity of host 'localhost (127.0.0.1)' can't be established.ECDSA key fingerprint is 08:1d:db:e4:d2:e0:87:89:ed:ca:69:82:17:6a:83:57

...

7.可能遇到的问题

(1)start-all.sh集群启动过程中出现一些服务进程启动失败情况时,首先检查排除防火墙的问题，

然后再去查看相应服务的启动日志的报错信息。

(2)Initialization failed for Block pool(Datanode Uuid unassigned)

问题的定位：所有namenode目录、所有datanode目录、从节点临时目录

问题的原因：

1) 首先是主节点的namenode clusterID与从节点的datanode clusterID不一致导致

2) 因为多次格式化了namenode跟datanode之后的结果，格式化之后从节点生成了新的ID，造成了记录情况不一致

解决的办法：

在格式化之前，先把所有的服务杀掉（stop-dfs.sh、stop-yarn.sh或者stop-all.sh），确保服务都停掉了之后，分别到所有节点的namenode目录、datanode目录、临时目录，然后把以上目录里面的所有相关内容都删掉，然后再重新启动进行测试。

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