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2019年4月新闻热词汇总(一)

中国日报网 192

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4月的大事可不少:第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛举行;2019年北京世界园艺博览会开幕;庆祝海军成立70周年海上阅兵举行;五四运动100周年纪念大会举行;四川凉山地区发生森林火灾;斯里兰卡发生连环爆炸;奔驰女车主哭诉维权事件刷屏;日本明仁天皇退位;《复联4》刷新多项票房纪录......

深中通道

Shenzhen-Zhongshan Bridge

01

The construction of the Shenzhen-Zhongshan Bridge started on Dec 29, 2016, and it is expected to come into operation in 2024. The 24-kilometer engineering feat will consist of a series of bridges, islands and tunnels. It will build the world's first eight-lane tunnel under the sea, and its maximum designed speed is 100 km/h.

深中通道于2016年12月29日开工建设,计划2024年全线通车。通道全长24公里,是一个“隧、岛、桥”集群工程,其8车道、时速100公里海底沉管隧道将开创世界先例。

年号

era name

02

The reign of Japan’s next emperor will be known as the Reiwa era, after the new imperial name was unveiled before an expectant nation on Monday morning.

4月1日上午,在全国民众的期盼中,日本下一任天皇的年号正式公布,为“令和”。

The new era will begin on May 1, a day after the emperor, Akihito – whose era is known as Heisei (achieving peace) – makes way for his eldest son, Crown Prince Naruhito, in Japan’s first imperial abdication for more than 200 years.

日本现任明仁天皇,年号“平成”,将在4月30日退位,皇太子德仁将于5月1日即位新天皇,当日零时开始正式启用新年号。这也是200多年以来日本天皇首次退位变更。

森林火灾

forest fire

03

Thirty people were confirmed killed while fighting a forest fire that broke out on Saturday in the Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture, Sichuan province, the Ministry of Emergency Management said in a statement on Monday.

4月1日,应急管理部发布消息称,3月30日四川省凉山彝族自治州境内发生森林火灾,已有30人在扑火行动中死亡。

By 6:30 pm on Monday, the bodies of the victims were all recovered, including 27 firefighters and three locals, said the ministry.

应急管理部称,4月1日18点30分, 所有遇难者遗体均已找到,包括27名消防队员和3名当地群众。

截至1日17时,木里森林火灾过火面积已达到15公顷左右(the fire has burned around 15 hectares of forest),火势尚未得到控制,扑灭存在较大困难。

自主招生

independent enrollment

04

Many of China's top universities, including Tsinghua University and Peking University, will start annual independent enrollment tests in the next two months.

未来两个月,包括清华大学和北京大学在内的许多中国顶尖大学将开始一年一度的自主招生考试。

The test, initiated in 2003, is a part of China's educational reforms, giving conditional offers to students who exhibit talents or achievements in specific fields so that they may enter the university with lower admission scores.

作为中国教育改革的一部分,自主招生始于2003年,其目的是对在特定领域表现出天赋或成就的学生给予有条件的录取,使他们可以以较低的录取分数进入大学。

森林火灾红色预警

red alert for forest fire

05

China issued a red alert, the highest level, for forest fire risks in arid northern and southwestern regions. Beijing, Tianjin, and the provinces of Hebei, Shanxi and Sichuan, will see the risk of forest fires stay at the highest level until Monday, and "under the red alert, no open fires are allowed in forests and grasslands", Yang Xiaodan, chief forecaster of the National Meteorological Center's Public Information Center, said on Tuesday.

我国对干旱的北方和西南地区发布最高级别的森林火险红色预警。中国气象局公共气象服务中心副首席杨晓丹表示,一直到4月8日,北京、天津、河北、山西、四川等地森林火险等级将维持在极度危险级别,“红色预警的发布意味着在林区、牧区都应禁止一切用火”。

一般来说发生在野外的火灾在英语里统称为wildfire(野火),根据燃烧植被的种类又可以具体分为brush fire(灌木丛火灾), bushfire(丛林火灾), desert fire(沙漠火灾), forest fire(森林火灾), grass fire(草地火灾), hill fire(山火)等。

依据气象因子变化(meteorological factor change)、森林可燃物变化(change of combustible forest materials)以及引发森林火灾火源发生状态(the state of forest fire sources),森林火险预警等级(forest fire risk level)由低到高划分为三个预警级别,并依次采用黄色、橙色和红色来加以表示。

上一次我国发布森林火险红色预警是在2016年3月。

志愿军遗骸

remains of Chinese People's Volunteers

06

Escorted by two Chinese fighter jets, a PLA Air Force plane carrying the remains and 145 belongings of the fallen soldiers landed at the Shenyang Taoxian International Airport, Liaoning province, at around 11:36 am Wednesday.

在两架战斗机全程护航下,4月3日11时36分许,解放军空军一架专机降落在辽宁沈阳桃仙国际机场,机上载有烈士遗骸和145件相关遗物。

The remains will be buried in a martyrs' park in Shenyang in a ceremony on Thursday, according to the Ministry of Veterans Affairs.

退役军人事务部表示,烈士遗骸将安葬在沈阳抗美援朝烈士陵园,安葬仪式于4日举行。

当地时间3日上午,中韩双方在韩国仁川国际机场(Incheon International Airport)举行交接仪式。

个人征信报告

personal credit reports

07

The new version of personal credit reports are intended to better reflect a person's credit situation. They will also be used to better manage credit risks, improve social management and build a transparent and honest society.

新版个人征信报告是为了更好地反映个人信用状况,同时也可用于更好地管理信用风险,改善社会管理,建设透明诚信的社会。

“个人征信业务”可以用personal credit information investigation表示,是指依法设立的征信机构(credit agency/organization)对个人信用信息(personal credit information)进行采集和加工,并根据用户要求提供个人信用信息查询和评估服务的活动。

全面取消落户限制

remove all restrictions on household registration

08

Under the plan, cities with permanent residents population under 3 million should remove all limits on hukou — household registration — and cities with populations between 3 million and 5 million should relax restrictions on new migrants.

根据文件,城区常住人口在300万以下的城市要全面取消落户限制,城区常住人口300万—500万的城市要放开放宽落户条件。

在我国,根据不同时期和不同需求,反映一个地区人口总量的统计指标主要有三个,即常住人口、户籍人口和现有人口。

常住人口(population of long-term residents/permanent residents population)指经常居住在某一地区的人口,包括常住该地而临时外出的人口,不包括临时寄住的人口(temporary residents excluded)。目前世界上大多数国家都把居住半年以上作为判别常住人口的时间标准。

户籍人口(household registered population)是指公民依照《中华人民共和国户口登记条例》已在其经常居住地的公安户籍管理机关登记了常住户口的人。这类人口不管其是否外出,也不管外出时间长短,只要在某地注册有常住户口,则为该地区的户籍人口。

现有人口(current population)指在规定的标准时点上,居住在某一地区的全部人口。

首席教师

chief teacher

09

China will choose chief teachers at primary and middle schools in rural areas in its central and western regions in a pilot program to promote local education, according to a notice from the Ministry of Education on Tuesday.

4月9日,教育部发布通知称,我国将在中西部乡村中小学试点遴选首席教师,以提升当地教育质量。

首席教师(chief teacher/lead teacher)的遴选标准为政治素质过硬(impeccable credentials)、业务素质精湛(excellent professional qualities)、育人水平高超(high educational abilities)、组织协调能力强(outstanding organizing and coordinating capabilities)。

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