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“学越千山：C语言程序设计练习题（九）”，

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Today, the editor bringv you

Learning to Cross a Thousand Mountains:

C Language Programming Exercise

Quesvtion (9),

Welcome to visit.

思维导图

Mind mapping

字符串

Character String

即有若干有效字符构成且以字符“\0”结尾的一个字符序列。

其实我们早已接触过字符串了，例如：printf("1536")这里的1536就是字符串，在C语言系统中，这条语句输出时会自动补充“\0”。

但C语言中没有提供字符串的数据类型，因此这里借助数组来实现字符串的存取。

定义：char str[i];

A character sequence consisting of several valid characters and ending with the character ' 0'.

In fact, we have already been exposed to strings, such as printf ("1536") where 1536 is a string. In the C language system, when this statement is output, it will automatically be supplemented with " 0".

However, C language does not provide a data type for strings, so arrays are used here to access strings.

Definition: char str [i];

初始化

Initialization

（1）用字符常量初始化

char str[6]={'a','b','c','d','e','\0'};

（2）用字符串常量初始化

char str[6]={＂abcde＂};

char str[6]=＂abcde＂;

//初始化一维字符型数组，可不用{}

char str[]=＂abcde＂;

(1) Initialize with character constants

Char str [6]={'a ',' b ',' c ','d', 'e', ' 0'};

(2) Initialize with string constants

Char str [6]={"abcde"};

Char str [6]="abcde";

//Initialize a one-dimensional character array without {}

Char str []="abcde";

字符串的访问与输出

Access and output of strings

（1）一个一个输入输出

(1) One input and one output

（2）整体输入输出

(2) Overall input and output

字符串的复制

函数形式：

strcpy(str2,str1);

//注意方向，将str1的值复制给str2，同时str2必需足够大，避免数据溢出

//不能整体复制

Functional form:

Strcpy (str2, str1);

//Pay attention to the direction, copy the value of str1 to str2, and str2 must be large enough to avoid data overflow

//Cannot replicate as a whole

字符串的连接

String connection

函数形式：

strcat(str2,str1);

//注意方向，将str1的值接在str2后，同时str2必需足够大，避免数据溢出

Functional form:

Strcat (str2, str1);

//Pay attention to the direction and place the value of str1 after str2, while str2 must be large enough to avoid data overflow

字符串的比较

Comparing strings

函数形式：

strcmp(str2,str1);

//字符串不能用“<”，“>”，“=”比较，用Ascll码。

Functional form:

Strcmp (str2, str1);

//String cannot be compared with '<', '>', '=', use Ascll code.

（具体的函数程序将在练习十给出）

(The specific function program will be given in Exercise 10)

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参考资料：百度翻译，C语言程序设计第4版（苏小红等）

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