考研英语阅读理解真题解读 2002年阅读理解真题 2002-Text 1

If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiencesand problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.

Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses’ convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, that’s God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he’s a doctor.”

If you are part of the group, which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn’t attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.

If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it’s the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow oran unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.

Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don’t succeed, give up” or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.

大家要结合考研真题：

先对Text1的文章的段落进行标注，此篇文章为5段，一般文章5段设置技巧为每个段落出一道题目。

21. To make your humor work, you should______. 【中心主旨】

[A] take advantage of different kinds of audience （take advantage of: 利用）

[B] make fun of the disorganized people （make fun:取笑，disorganized:无组织能力的）

[C] address different problems to different people （address:讲演）

[D] show sympathy for your listeners （sympathy:同情）

21题干入手，抓住主要词humor（幽默），其中的work表示：“起作用”，make sth do sth 句型 do=work。猜想下有可能是文章的第一段中吧，找到文章对应的句子对号入座，找到与humor 有关的句子留心，中心主旨词humor。

22. The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are_____.【引申题】

[A] impolite to new arrivals

[B] very conscious of their godlike role （conscious:在意）

[C] entitled to some privileges （entitled:被赋予的；privileges:特权）

[D] very busy even during lunch hours

22题干joke 这个词为humor的重复出现的替换词（复现词），历年考研阅读题中这类词不计其数，留好笔记和心眼，就是考这类词汇和题型。（joke:幽默），题干中的they是指医生，意思是“通过关于医生的幽默的故事暗指在护士的眼里，医生是___?” 答题思路是在第二段里这个例子。

23. It can be inferred from the text that public services_____.【段落主旨】

[A] have benefited many people

[B] are the focus of public attention

[C] are an inappropriate subject for humor

[D] have often been the laughing stock （often+现在完成时）

23题干中属于推断，抓住重点词汇public services，其后我们要在文章的找到类似的词汇，重点定位，找到答案。（反正答案中绝对不能离开：humor幽默），我们现在看23题的答案选项，其实就可以选出来的，哪个选项中有humor就是哪个，排除法得到D（laughing stock 笑料）。在前三道题目中都要有humor.

24. To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered_____.

[A] in well-worded language

[B] in well-worded language

[C] in exaggerated statements

[D] as casually as possible （casually:随意的）

24.“为了达到预期的效果，幽默故事怎么讲” 其中的delivered:讲，这个答案应该在：为了达到…效果的句子中去寻找，目的状语。

25. The best title for the text may be_______. 【中心主旨题】

[A] Use Humor Effectively （行之有效的效果）

[B] Various Kinds of Humor

[C] Add Humor to Speech

[D] Different Humor Strategies

25.考查的文章的中心主旨题，我们通过前四道题目的题干，可以综合得出的信息是“关于humor:幽默故事”，我们可以这个文章的标题肯定是离不开Humor.可以看出在前面的分析题干中可以发现是在讲humor这个主题，然后21和24题目的结合可以看出，怎么使得幽默起到作用和达到的效果。可以根据数学的分类同类项，会发现A与BCD是两类。这里可以看出选项中的A更贴近这个主题。这就是答案的思路和出题人的策略。

全文解题思路如下：

直接文章第二段第一句：Here is an example.这暗指第一段是本文的中心主旨，做题的思路。且第二段第一句是：22题的题干；第二句后面是讲述的一个医生的故事，一般故事的结果都是一般出现在句子的结尾。”Oh, that’s God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he think he’s a doctor.’’注意其中的转折词汇but，重点考查。这句话的意思是：“他是我们这儿的爷，但是有时候他才知道他是医生”综合22题的选项，可以看出B就是选择的答案。可能你们会想选择的是C: entitled to some privileges （被赋予的特权），可能会觉得是特权才有的，但是错在entitled：被赋予的。这里面没有人赋予“医生”这个特权，是故事中医生自己搞的权利，这个行不通，错误。

第三段第一句分析：抓住句子分析(which are common to all of you) and( it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties.)寻找到我们的共同的经历，考查重点的是and的后面的部分。23题目题干在第三段可以在第三段的最后一句“You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.”其中Post Office or the telephone system= public services同义词替换。often+现在完成时= appropriate（合适） ; 黑格尔说过：存在即合理。通常一直是笑料，合理的就是合适的吧，often通常，现在完成时：一直以来存在的，就是一直是历史的存在的，存在就是合理的吧，答案就是这么出来的。

第四段第一句分析：重点考点词汇“So that”一般都是考查其后的句子so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and (apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can (deliver) in a relaxed and unforced manner.)定位到24的题干“delivered”我们在24题的选项中找到与unforced的同义词替换的词，casually:随意的=unforced:不强迫的。D选项正确，抓住生命力的词汇。

最后一段分析：去选择幽默。直接定位到第一段一句话分析：If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems.先抠and后面的problems.这个抓住第一句的话，段落主旨句。这个21题目的题干，和选项中的C相符合。