前言:
目前咱们对“js foreach 异步”可能比较珍视,我们都需要剖析一些“js foreach 异步”的相关资讯。那么小编在网上汇集了一些关于“js foreach 异步””的相关文章,希望朋友们能喜欢,兄弟们一起来了解一下吧!一个例子形象的理解异步和多线程的区别
Talk is cheap, show me the code! 所以,废话先不说,先上代码:
首先写一个WebAPI接口
/// <summary>/// 测试接口/// </summary>[RoutePrefix("api/test")]public class TestController : ApiController{ /// <summary> /// 测试GET请求 /// </summary> /// <param name="val">测试参数</param> [HttpGet] [Route("TestGet")] public HttpResponseMessage TestGet(string val) { Thread.Sleep(200); //模拟执行耗时操作 return new HttpResponseMessage { Content = new StringContent(val.ToString(), Encoding.UTF8, "text/plain") }; }}测试代码
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Diagnostics;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Windows.Forms;using Utils;namespace AsyncDemo2{ public partial class Form1 : Form { private int n = 200; public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); Task.Factory.StartNew(() => { while (true) { Thread.Sleep(100); ThreadPool.GetMaxThreads(out int w1, out int c1); ThreadPool.GetAvailableThreads(out int w2, out int c2); int w = w1 - w2; int c = c1 - c2; label1.BeginInvoke(new Action(() => { label1.Text = string.Format("工作线程:{0} 异步线程:{1}", w, c); })); } }, TaskCreationOptions.LongRunning); } /// <summary> /// 日志输出 /// </summary> private void Log(string msg) { this.BeginInvoke(new Action(() => { textBox1.AppendText(DateTime.Now.ToString("mm:ss.fff") + ":" + msg + "\r\n"); })); } /// <summary> /// 异步请求 /// </summary> private async Task ReqeustAsync(int val) { try { Log("异步 开始请求" + val); string result = await HttpUtil.HttpGetAsync("; + val); Log("异步 返回数据" + result + " 线程ID:" + Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); } catch (Exception ex) { Log("出错:" + ex.Message); } } /// <summary> /// 在线程中同步请求 /// </summary> private Task Request(int val) { return Task.Run(() => { try { Log("同步多线程 开始请求" + val); string result = HttpUtil.HttpGet("; + val); Log("同步多线程 返回数据" + result + " 线程ID:" + Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); } catch (Exception ex) { Log("出错:" + ex.Message); } }); } //测试异步请求 private async void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { textBox1.Text = string.Empty; Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch(); List<Task> taskList = new List<Task>(); sw.Start(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { Task t = ReqeustAsync(i); taskList.Add(t); } foreach (Task t in taskList) { await t; } Log(n + "个异步请求完成,耗时:" + sw.Elapsed.TotalSeconds.ToString("0.000")); sw.Stop(); } //测试多线程同步请求 private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { textBox1.Text = string.Empty; Task.Run(() => { List<Task> taskList = new List<Task>(); Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch(); sw.Start(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { Task t = Request(i); taskList.Add(t); } Task.WaitAll(taskList.ToArray()); Log(n + "个多线程同步请求完成,耗时:" + sw.Elapsed.TotalSeconds.ToString("0.000")); sw.Stop(); }); } }}测试结果
性能差9倍!
把WebAPI接口中模拟执行耗时操作改成1000毫秒再测试,测试结果如下:
性能差10倍!
把Form1.cs构造函数中添加一行ThreadPool.SetMinThreads(20, 20);再测:
设置线程池中线程的最小数量为20后,性能差距缩小了,性能只差4倍!为什么?没有设置线程池最小数量时,大约每1秒增加1到2个线程,线程增加速度太慢了,不影响异步性能,异步只需要很少的线程数量,但影响多线程性能。
把Form1.cs构造函数中代码修改成ThreadPool.SetMinThreads(200, 200);再测:
当线程池中线程数量足够多时,性能差不多了!
结论
通过这个形象的例子,你体会到异步的好处了吗?
有人可能会说,你怎么不把WebAPI端改成异步试试?WebAPI端是模拟的操作,在没有外部操作(IO操作、数据库操作等),仅有数据计算时,WebAPI端改成异步没区别。
有一个截图中没有体验出来的,测试过程中,对于异步测试,工作线程和异步线程始终为0,我想异步线程应该是变化的,可能只是变化太快,看不出来。而多线程测试,测试过程中,我们可以看到工作线程的数量是大于0的,维持在一定数量,直到请求完成,也就是说,测试过程中,要占用一定数量的工作线程。
所以结论是什么?
异步在执行耗时请求时,不会占用线程,在线程池中线程数量较少时,异步的性能比多线程好很多,
WebAPI服务端补充说明
上面的测试,服务端我忘了说了,服务端启动服务前,我加了一行代码ThreadPool.SetMinThreads(200, 200);,因为你测试客户端之前,服务端性能要跟上,不然测了个寂寞。
如果我把这行代码删掉,预热后,再测:
可以看到差距只有2.5倍了!因为服务端线程数量此时是1秒增加1、2个线程,服务端性能跟不上,客户端的异步请求自然也快不起来。
附
HttpUtil代码:
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.IO;using System.Linq;using System.Net;using System.Text;using System.Threading;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace Utils{ /// <summary> /// Http上传下载文件 /// </summary> public class HttpUtil { /// <summary> /// HttpGet /// </summary> /// <param name="url">url路径名称</param> /// <param name="cookie">cookie</param> public static async Task<string> HttpGetAsync(string url, CookieContainer cookie = null, WebHeaderCollection headers = null) { // 设置参数 HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest; request.CookieContainer = cookie; request.Method = "GET"; request.ContentType = "text/plain;charset=utf-8"; request.Timeout = Timeout.Infinite; if (headers != null) { foreach (string key in headers.Keys) { request.Headers.Add(key, headers[key]); } } //发送请求并获取相应回应数据 HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)(await request.GetResponseAsync()); //直到request.GetResponse()程序才开始向目标网页发送Post请求 Stream instream = response.GetResponseStream(); StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(instream, Encoding.UTF8); //返回结果网页(html)代码 string content = await sr.ReadToEndAsync(); instream.Close(); return content; } /// <summary> /// HttpGet /// </summary> /// <param name="url">url路径名称</param> /// <param name="cookie">cookie</param> public static string HttpGet(string url, CookieContainer cookie = null, WebHeaderCollection headers = null) { // 设置参数 HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest; request.CookieContainer = cookie; request.Method = "GET"; request.ContentType = "text/plain;charset=utf-8"; request.Timeout = Timeout.Infinite; if (headers != null) { foreach (string key in headers.Keys) { request.Headers.Add(key, headers[key]); } } //发送请求并获取相应回应数据 HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse(); //直到request.GetResponse()程序才开始向目标网页发送Post请求 Stream instream = response.GetResponseStream(); StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(instream, Encoding.UTF8); //返回结果网页(html)代码 string content = sr.ReadToEnd(); instream.Close(); return content; } }}
标签: #js foreach 异步