使用克隆功能对已在MySQL 8.0.17上实现的MySQL备份进行备份。

克隆功能默认未启用，因此请启用它。

# MySQL version[root@www ~]# /opt/rh/rh-mysql80/root/usr/libexec/mysqld --version/opt/rh/rh-mysql80/root/usr/libexec/mysqld Ver 8.0.17 for Linux on x86_64 (Source distribution)[root@www ~]# vi /etc/opt/rh/rh-mysql80/my.cnf.d/mysql-server.cnf# add into [mysqld] section[mysqld]..........plugin-load=mysql_clone.so[root@www ~]# systemctl restart rh-mysql80-mysqld# show plugins[root@www ~]# mysql -u root -p -e "select plugin_name, plugin_status, plugin_type from information_schema.plugins where plugin_name = 'clone';"Enter password:+-------------+---------------+-------------+| plugin_name | plugin_status | plugin_type |+-------------+---------------+-------------+| clone       | ACTIVE        | CLONE       |+-------------+---------------+-------------+

在本地主机上的目录中获取克隆。

# create a directory for clone data[root@www ~]# mkdir /home/mysql_backup[root@www ~]# chown mysql. /home/mysql_backup# run getting clone# if specified directory already exists on the filesystem, it will be error,# so specify new directory for [directory = ***] section[root@www ~]# mysql -u root -p -e "clone local data directory = '/home/mysql_backup/backup01/';"[root@www ~]# ll /home/mysql_backup/backup01total 166916drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql       89 Jan 22 19:35 #clone-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql     3777 Jan 22 19:35 ib_buffer_pool-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Jan 22 19:35 ibdata1-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Jan 22 19:35 ib_logfile0-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Jan 22 19:35 ib_logfile1drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql        6 Jan 22 19:35 mysql-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 24117248 Jan 22 19:35 mysql.ibddrwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql       28 Jan 22 19:35 sysdrwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql       28 Jan 22 19:35 test_database-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 10485760 Jan 22 19:35 undo_001-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 10485760 Jan 22 19:35 undo_002

如果启用了SELinux，则需要更改目标目录的策略。如果您像此示例一样在[/home]下获取克隆数据，请按以下更改。

[root@www ~]# restorecon -v /home/mysql_backup[root@www ~]# vi mysqld-clone.te# create newmodule mysqld-clone 1.0;require {        type mysqld_t;        type user_home_dir_t;        class dir { add_name create remove_name write };        class file { create getattr open read unlink write };}#============= mysqld_t ==============allow mysqld_t user_home_dir_t:dir { add_name create remove_name write };allow mysqld_t user_home_dir_t:file { create getattr open read unlink write };[root@www ~]# checkmodule -m -M -o mysqld-clone.mod mysqld-clone.techeckmodule: loading policy configuration from mysqld-clone.techeckmodule: policy configuration loadedcheckmodule: writing binary representation (version 19) to mysqld-clone.mod[root@www ~]# semodule_package --outfile mysqld-clone.pp --module mysqld-clone.mod[root@www ~]# semodule -i mysqld-clone.pp

要使用[CLONE INSTANCE FROM]，可以直接从远程主机获取克隆。 在官方文档中，克隆源称为[Donor]，克隆目标称为[Recipient]。

# on Donor Host, create a user and add [BACKUP_ADMIN] privilege for clone[root@www ~]# mysql -u root -pEnter password:mysql> create user 'clone_user'@'%' identified by 'password';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)mysql> grant BACKUP_ADMIN on *.* to 'clone_user'@'%';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)# on Recipient Host, create a user and add [CLONE_ADMIN] privilege for clone[root@node01 ~]# mysql -u root -pEnter password:mysql> create user 'clone_user'@'%' identified by 'password';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)mysql> grant CLONE_ADMIN on *.* to 'clone_user'@'%';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)# on Recipient Host, run Clone job# before clone, set [set global clone_valid_donor_list = (Donor IP address:port)]# clone data is copied under [/var/opt/rh/rh-mysql80/lib/mysql]mysql> set global clone_valid_donor_list = '10.0.0.31:3306';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> clone instance from clone_user@10.0.0.31:3306 identified by 'password';Query OK, 0 rows affected (2.64 sec)# confirm clone status# OK if [STATE] is [Completed]mysql> select STATE from performance_schema.clone_status;+-----------+| STATE     |+-----------+| Completed |+-----------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)# if specify cloned target directory, add [data directory = '***']# but then it needs to set suitable permission to the target directory like [2], [3]mysql> clone instance from clone_user@10.0.0.31:3306 identified by 'password' data directory = '/home/mysql_backup/backup01/';