第 份

初中语法讲义主谓一致

年 月 日

第22章 主谓一致

在英语中，主语的单复数形式决定着谓语动词应该采用的相应形式。这看起来似乎很简单，但使用起来却常会遇到复杂的情况。由于动词有着许多不同的形式和功能，因此动词在英语中是最为复杂的词类。对每一个句子来说，我们不仅要考虑谓语动词在时态、语态上是否恰当，还要注意谓语动词必须在人称和数上与主语保持一致。

典型例句：1.They are students.（他们是学生。）

典型例句：2.His family are watching TV.（他们全家人正在看电视。）

典型例句：3.Either you or I am going to work there.（不是你就是我将要去那里工作。）

1.主谓一致的三原则

在英语中，主语的单复数形式决定着谓语动词应该采用的相应形式。这看起来似乎很简单，但使用起来却常会遇到复杂的情况。

（1）语法一致原则

一般来说，语法形式是单数的主语，谓语动词用单数形式；语法形式是复数的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。

His father is a doctor.（他父亲是一位医生。）

The number of errors was surprising.（错误的数量之多是惊人的。）

We love our motherland.（我们热爱我们的祖国。）

The twins have found their mother.（双胞胎找到了他们的妈妈。）

（2）意义一致原则

主谓一致不仅是根据其外部语法形态来决定，最主要是取决于主语所表达的内在含义。主语形式虽为单数，但在意义上却为复数，谓语动词用复数形式；主语形式虽为复数，但在意义上却为单数，谓语动词用单数形式。

Twenty dollars is too dear.（20美元太贵了。）

The crowd were fighting for their lives.（这些人正为生存而战斗。）

Three years in a strange land seems like a long time.

（在异国他乡生活3年，却仿佛是度过了很长的时间。）

（3）就近一致原则

谓语动词根据它前面邻近的名词、代词等的数的形式，来决定自身数的形式。

Not only his children but also he himself wants to go there.

（不仅他的孩子想去那里，而且他本人也想去。）

Neither you nor your brother has passed the exam.（你和你弟弟考试都没有及格。）

2.主谓一致的特殊情况

A.两个作主语的名词或代词由either...or，neither...nor，or，not only...but (also)连接时，谓语动词应与后一个主语的人称和数保持一致。

Tom or his brothers are waiting in the room.（汤姆或他的哥哥们正在房间里等候着。）

Either he or I am wrong.（不是他错了就是我错了。）

Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.

（学生们和教师都不知道这件事。）

Not only the students but (also) the teacher is active in sports and games.

（不仅学生，就连老师都积极参加体育运动。）

B.主语是单数而后接由as well as，with，together with，like，along with，rather than，no less than，as much as，including，in addition to，besides，but，expect等引起的短语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。

No one expect his own supporters agrees with him.

（除了他自己的支持者以外，谁也不同意他的意见。）

Nobody but us knows it.（除我们之外，再没有人知道此事。）

I,rather than you,am to blame.（该受责备的是我而不是你。）

She as well as the other students has learned how to type.

（她和其他学生一样，也学会了如何打字。）

Our school,with some few schools,was built in the 1950s.

（我们学校和不少学校一样建于20世纪50年代。）

A professor,together with some students,was moved into a new laboratory.

（一位教授和几个学生搬到新实验室里去了。）

C.由each，either，neither或some，any，no，every构成的合成代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

Each boy has read the book.（每个男孩都看过这本书了。）

补充：each位于复数主语之后时不影响主语的数。

The boys each have an apple.（男孩们每人都有一个苹果。）

Neither of them is interested in English.（他们两人对英语都不感兴趣。）

Either of the stories is interesting.（两个故事中的任何一个都有趣。）

Somebody is waiting for you at the gate of the school.（有人在学校大门口等你。）

Nobody wants to go there.（没有人愿意去那里。）

Everything goes very well.（一切进行得很顺利。）

D.表示数目、时间、金额、距离、路程、书名、国名、报刊名称等的名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

Two hours is enough for us to finish the experiment.（两个小时足够我们做完这项实验。）

Ten dollars is too cheap for this pair of shoes.（这双鞋卖10美元太便宜了。）

Ten hundred miles is a long distance.（200英里是很长的一段距离。）

The United States is a developed country.（美国是一个发达国家。）

The New York Times is published daily.（《纽约时报》每天都出版。）

E.作主语用的集体名词作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词可用单数形式；若就其中各个成员来考虑，谓语动词则用复数形式。

My family has moved into the new house.（我家已搬进了新房子。）

（My family表示“我家”，是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式）

My family enjoy sports and games.（我们全家人都喜欢体育运动。）

（My family意为“家庭中的每个人”，强调各个成员，谓语动词用复数形式）

The committee was made up of 10 members.（委员会由10人组成。）（强调整体）

The committee were in the hall.（委员们都在大厅内。）（强调各个成员）

F.people（人民），police，cattle等集体名词作主语时，谓语动词只能用复数形式。

The people in the city are very friendly.（那个城市的人们都很友好。）

The police are searching for the murderer.（警察正在搜寻杀人犯。）

The cattle are grazing near the river.（牛群在河边吃草。）

G.一个或两个以上的并列主语由and连接时，如果表示不同概念，谓语动词用复数形式；如果表示同一概念，谓语动词要用单数形式。后一种情况只在第一个名词前加修饰语。

The singer and the dancer come from Guangxi.（这位歌手和这位舞蹈演员来自广西。）

（and前后表示两个人）

The singer and dancer comes from Guangxi.（那位歌手兼舞蹈演员来自广西。）

（and前后表示同一个人）

A professor and writer has attended the meeting.（一位教授兼作家出席了这次会议。）

（and前后表示同一个人）

The tenth and the last chapter are difficult to understand.（第十章和最后一章很难看懂。）

（and前后表示两章）

The tenth and last chapter is difficult to understand.（第十章也就是最后一章很难看懂。）

（and前后表示同一章）

H.不定代词none作主语时，谓语动词可用单数形式或者复数形式。none of短语作主语时，如果of之后为复数概念，则谓语动词用单数形式或复数形式都可以；如果of之后为单数概念，则谓语动词用单数形式。

None knows/know a great deal about this experiment.（没有一个人对这项试验很了解。）

None has/have been found.（一个也没有找到。）

None of the apples is/are good.（那些苹果没有一个是好的。）

None of the apple is good.（那个苹果没有一点是好的。）（表示整个苹果全部坏掉了）

I.代词what，who，which，any，all，most，more等作主语时，谓语动词用单数还是复数主要由它们所代替的意义决定。

What is wrong with you?（你怎么了？）

There are some books on the desk.What are the names of them?

（桌子上有一些书。书名是什么？）

He who laughs the last laughs the best.（谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。）

All of the students have seen the film.（全体学生都看过这部电影。）

All that glitters is not gold.（闪光的不全是金子。）

All of his spare time was spent in reading.（他所有的空余时间都花在看书上。）

Most of her money is spent on clothes.（她大部分的钱花在买衣服上。）

J.不定代词each，every，no所修饰的单数可数名词即使以and或逗号连接成多个并列主语，谓语动词仍用单数形式。

Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in the future.

（每个男孩和女孩都想将来为人民服务。）

Every man and woman attends the meeting.（男的、女的都参加这个会。）

No boy and no girl likes him in his class.（他们班上的男孩和女孩都不喜欢他。）

K.more than one，many a短语作主语时，尽管意义上是复数，但谓语动词通常用单数形式。

More than one student has tried.（不止一个学生尝试过。）

Many a student and teacher is watching the football match.

（许多学生和老师正在观看足球比赛。）

L.在“there be+并列主语”和“here be+并列主语”结构中，谓语动词一般应与并列主语中的第一个主语的数一致。

There is a pen and two books on the desk.（桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。）

There are some books and a pen on the desk.（桌上有些书和一支钢笔。）

At that time there was only a teacher and a student in the room.

（那时房间里只有一个教师和一个学生。）

Here is a letter and a book for you.（这里有一封信和一本书是给你的。）

说明：在非正式英语中，“there/here be+并列主语”结构中的谓语动词可用复数形式。如上例1、例3、例4都可用复数形式。

M.“the+形容词/过去分词”这一表示一类人的结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

The injured have been taken to hospital.（伤员已被送往医院。）

The young are required to respect the old.（年轻人应该尊敬老人。）

The old are taken good care of in our country.（在我们国家，老人受到了很好的照顾。）

The good in him outweighs the bad.（他身上的优点多过缺点。）

The wounded is a friend of his.（这位伤员是他的一个朋友。）

补充：“the+形容词/过去分词”也可以表示某物或某个人，如上例4中的the good和上例5中的the wounded，此时谓语动词用单数形式。

N.在“...one of+复数名词+who/that/which定语从句”结构中，当关系代词作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词与靠近的复数名词的数一致，而不是与one一致，因此从句的谓语动词用复数；但是当one之前有the (only)修饰时，从句的谓语动词用单数。

This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.

（这是被问到的最有趣的问题之一。）

She was the only one of the girls who was late for the meeting.

（她是那些女孩中惟一一个开会迟到的。）

O.分数、百分数作主语，谓语动词常与其后of短语所表示的概念一致。of后表示复数概念，谓语动词用复数；of后表示单数概念，谓语动词用单数。

Three-fifths of the workers here are women.（这儿五分之三的工人是妇女。）

Sixty percent of his money was spent on books.（他把百分之六十的钱都花在买书上了。）

P.单个的动名词短语、不定式短语、主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单数；但并列的此类结构作主语，谓语动词用复数。

Raising pigs is her job.（养猪是她的工作。）

To see is to believe.（眼见为实。）

Whether he will come or not is still a question.（他来不来仍是个问题。）

Listening,speaking,reading and writing are all important in learning English.

（在学英语时，听、说、读和写都很重要。）

Q.glasses，trousers，clothes，shoes，chopsticks，compasses，scissors等作主语时，谓语动词用复数；但如果这些名词前有kind of，piece of，pair of，sort of，type of等修饰时，谓语动词视kind，piece等的数来定。

His trousers are worn out.（他的裤子破了。）

A pair of shoes was in the box.（这个盒子里有一双鞋。）

There are two pieces of paper on the floor.（地板上有两张纸。）

R.this kind of book=a book of this kind（这种书）作主语，谓语动词用单数；these kind of men=men of this kind（这种人）作主语，谓语动词用复数。

This kind of book is of great value.=A book of this kind is of great value.（这本书很有价值。）

These kind of books are very expensive.（这种书很贵。）

This kind of men is dangerous.（这种人很危险。）

These kind of men are dangerous.=Men of this kind are dangerous.（这种人很危险。）

S.part of短语作主语，谓语动词跟of后面的名词的数一致，of后为复数概念，谓语动词用复数；of后为单数概念，谓语动词用单数。

(A) part of the books have arrived.（一部分书已经到了。）

Part of his money was spent on smoking.（他的一部分钱花在抽烟上了。）

Parts of the book are interesting.（这本书有些部分是有趣的。）

说明：parts of短语作主语，谓语动词用复数。

T.population作主语，如指人口数，谓语动词用单数；如指成员等，谓语动词用复数。

The population of the village is 538.（这个村子的人口总数为538人。）

One third of the population here are workers.（这儿三分之一的人是工人。）

说明：“分数或百分数+of the population”短语作主语，谓语动词用复数。

U.the Olympic Games（奥运会），the Asian Games（亚运会）等短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

The Olympic Games are held every four years.（奥运会每四年举行一次。）

V.few (of)，a few (of)，both (of)，both...and，many，dozens of，a great many，a good many等通常修饰复数名词或代词，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

Few of them have passed the exam.（他们之中很少有人通过这次考试。）

Dozens of students are on the platform.（月台上有几十个学生。）

A good many students have tried.（很多学生都尝试过。）

W.little，a little，a bit of，much，a good/great deal of，an amount of等通常修饰不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Much homework has to be done this afternoon.（今天下午有许多家庭作业要做。）

A great deal of money was wasted on the project.（这项工程浪费了大量的钱。）

X.a lot of，lots of，plenty of，enough of，masses of，a mass of，a large/small quantity of等短语作主语时，of后接不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；of后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。

A lot of problems were settled at the meeting yesterday.（在昨天的会议上解决了许多问题。）

A mass of work remains to be done.（还有大量的工作要做。）

Y.“the number of+复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数；“a number of+复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数。类似短语还有以下这些：

“the amount of+不可数名词”作主语

谓语动词用单数

“an amount of+不可数名词”作主语

谓语动词用单数

“the quantity of+复数名词或不可数名词”作主语

谓语动词用单数

“a quantity of+复数名词”作主语

谓语动词用复数

“a quantity of+不可数名词”作主语

谓语动词用单数

“quantities of+复数名词或不可数名词”作主语

谓语动词用复数

The number of students in our school is 1123.（我校学生数为1123人。）

A number of students like playing football.（许多学生喜欢踢足球。）

Quantities of tea were sold last month.（上个月销售了大量的茶叶。）

Z.在大多数情况下，由what引导的名词性分句作主语时，其后的谓语动词（多数是be的某种形式）应按语法一致原则使用单数形式。

What is needed is acts.（需要的是行动。）

What you need is more rest.（你所需要的是更多的休息。）

Common Mistakes（注意！失分陷阱！）

陷阱例题①

Not only I but also Mary and Jane __________ tired of having one examination after another.

A.is

B.are

C.am

D.be

句意提示：不仅我，玛丽和简也厌倦了参加一个接一个的考试。

陷阱追击：由not only...but also...连接并列主语时，谓语动词容易误选。

正确解析：本题考查主谓一致中的就近原则。由not only...but also...连接并列主语时，谓语动词与就近的主语“Mary and Jane”保持一致。正确答案为B。

陷阱例题②

Nobody but you __________ what he said.

A.agrees with

B.agrees out

C.agree with

D.agree to

句意提示：除了你没有人同意他所说的。

陷阱追击：主语被but之类的词修饰时，谓语动词单复数的确定很容易误选。

正确解析：主语为nobody时谓语动词用单数，如果主语被but，as well as，with等修饰，谓语动词仍与主语的数保持一致。正确答案为A。

陷阱例题③

She is the only one among the __________ writers who __________ stories for children.

A.woman;writes

B.women;write

C.women;writes

D.woman;write

句意提示：她是女作家中惟一一位给孩子们写故事的人。

陷阱追击：本题定语从句中主谓一致的考查是结合复合名词的单复数进行的。易误选B，误认为先行词为writers。

正确解析：woman writer的复数为women writers。而定语从句中的谓语动词单复数是由先行词the only one决定的，故谓语动词应用单数形式。正确答案为C。

陷阱例题④

More than __________ of the workers __________ from Paris.

A.ten percents;is

B.ten percent;are

C.three times;was

D.percents ten;comes

句意提示：超过百分之十的工人来自巴黎。

陷阱追击：本题考查百分数的表示法及主谓一致。易误选A，误把百分之十作为整体处理。

正确解析：percent通常作单数，但可与单数或复数动词连用。“分数或百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词与of后的名词在数上保持一致。正确答案为B。

Final Check（实力测验）

1.用括号内所给词的正确形式填空

1.A:Why are your group so happy?

B:Our group __________ (beat) theirs in the oral English competition.

2.Not only I but also Jane and Mary __________ (be) tired of having one examination after another.

3.“News of victories __________ (keep) pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander said.

4.Whether he’ll come or not __________ (be) not known.

5.E-mail,as well as telephones,__________ (play) an important part in daily communication.

2.选择括号内的正确形式填空

1.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth __________ (is;are;were) sea.

2.Books of this kind __________ (sells;sell;is sold;are sold) well.

3.He is the only one of the children who __________ (speak;speaks;is spoken) ill of others behind their backs.

4.The population of the city __________ (is;are) not large,but one third of the population here __________ (is;are) highly-educated citizens.

5.Many a student __________ (has;have) bought the book,but only a few of them __________ (has;have) read it through.

3.选择填空

1.Neither he nor I __________ interested in this story.

A.is

B.am

C.are

D.be

2.Each of them __________ got a dictionary.

A.have

B.has

C.is having

D.are having

3.Those who __________ playing basketball can join the basketball club.

A.likes

B.are liking

C.like

D.is liking

4.The pictures that __________ drawn by the famous painter __________ been put up on the wall.

A.were;have

B.were;has

C.are;had

D.is;have

5.The police __________ searching for the thief in the house.

A.is

B.are

C.has been

D.was

6.The number of the students in our school __________ increasing.

A.is

B.are

C.has

D.have

7.Either he or I __________ going to look after the baby.

A.is

B.are

C.am

D.were

8.The wounded __________ been taken to the hospital already.

A.has

B.were

C.was

D.have

9.His family __________ watching sports games on TV.

A.enjoy

B.enjoys

C.likes

D.liked

10.Neither of the answers __________ right.

A.are

B.seem

C.seems

D.look

11.Neither the students nor the teacher __________ the right answer.

A.know

B.knows

C.known

D.to know

12.Mary with her grandparents often __________ her weekend in the country.

A.spend

B.spends

C.spent

D.spending

13.His family now __________ in the country.

A.live

B.living

C.lived

D.lives

14.Two hundred dollars __________ enough for the coat.

A.are

B.is

C.have

D.seem

15.None __________ finished your homework.So you must go on with your homework after class.

A.has

B.have

C.had

D.both A and B

16.All but one __________ here just now.

A.is

B.was

C.has been

D.were

17.__________ of the land in the district __________ covered with trees and grass.

A.Two fifth;is

B.Two fifth;are

C.Two fifths;is

D.Two fifths;are

18.A library with five thousand books __________ to the nation as a gift.

A.is offered

B.has offered

C.are offered

D.have offered

19.When and where to build the new factory __________ yet.

A.has not been decided

B.are not decided

C.has not decided

D.have not decided

20.Either you or the headmaster __________ the prizes to these good students at the meeting.

A.is handing out

B.are to hand out

C.are handing out

D.is to hand out

21.Dr.Smith,together with his wife and two sons,__________ arrive on the evening flight.

A.are to

B.are going to

C.is to

D.will be

22.We think that reading books __________ a pleasure and it __________ one wise.

A.is;make

B.is;makes

C.are;make

D.are;makes

23.The teacher,with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class,__________ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.

A.was

B.were

C.had been

D.would be

24.His family __________ not rich,but his family __________ all healthy.

A.are;is

B.is;are

C.is;is

D.are;are

25.Ten years __________ since Mr.Wang came here and began to work as an English teacher.

A.have passed

B.has passed

C.passed

D.are passing

26.The United Nations __________ in 1945 to keep peace of the world.

A.founded

B.were set up

C.were founded

D.was founded

27.Each boy and each girl __________ an active part in the sports meeting.

A.takes

B.take

C.is taken

D.are taking

28.Less than 14 percent of the land of China __________ by trees.

A.is covered

B.are covered

C.has covered

D.were covered

29.One-third of the students in her class __________ into key universities.

A.has been admitted

B.have been admitted

C.has admitted

D.have admitted

30.Early to bed and early to rise __________ one healthy and wise.

A.make

B.is making

C.has made

D.makes

31.Whether he comes or not __________.

A.matter much

B.don’t matter much

C.matters not much

D.doesn’t matter much

32.The boys each __________ an orange.Each is very happy.

A.have

B.has

C.is given

D.has received

33.Fu Dan is the only one of the students who __________ the gold medal for International Olympic Chemistry.

A.have won

B.has won

C.have been won

D.has been won

34.The blind __________ usually in special schools.

A.is trained

B.are trained

C.trains

D.train

【课后练习】

1.One-third of the area ___ covered with green trees. About seventy percent of the trees __ been planted.

A. are; have B. is; has C. is; have D. are; has

2. The number of teachers in our college____ greatly increased last term.A number of teachers in this school _____ from the countryside.

A. was; is B. was; are C. were; are D. were; is

3. What _____ the population of China? One-third of the population ___workers here. A. is; are B. are; are C. is; is D. are; is

4. Not only he but also we _____ right. He as well as we _____ right.

A. are; are B. are; is C. is; is D. is; are

5. What he’d like _____ a digital watch. What he’d like _____ textbooks.

A. are; are B. is; is C. is; are D. are; is

6. He is one of the boys who _____ here on time. He is the only one of the boys who _____ here on time.

A. has come; have come B. have come; has come

C. has come; has come D. have come; have come

7. Either you or he _____ interested in playing chess. ____ you or he fond of music at present?

A. are; Are B. is; Are C. are; Is D. is; Is

8. Many a professor ____ looking forward to visiting Germany now. Many scientists _____ studied animals and plants in the last two years.

A. is; have B. is; has C. are; have D. is; are

9. A knife and a fork _____ on the table. A knife and fork _____ on the table.

A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is D. is; are

10. Her family _____ much larger than mine four years ago. Her family ____dancing and singing when I came in last night.

A. were; was B. was; were C. was; was D. were; were

11. How and why Jack came to China _____ not known. When and where to build the new library _____ not been decided.

A. is; has B. are; has C. is; have D. are; have

12. Now Tom together with his classmates _____ football on the playground.

A. play B. are playing C. plays D. is playing

13. Two hundred and fifty pounds ___ too unreasonable a price for a second-hand car. A. is B. are C. were D. be

14. All but Dick _____ in Class Three this term.

A. are B. is C. were D. was

15. Soon after the earthquake, every man, woman and child _____ about it.

A. were talking B. was talking C. talk D. talks

16. _____ of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass.

A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifths; are C. Two fifth; are D. Two fifths; is

17. My friend and classmate Paul _____ motorcycles in his spare time.

A. race B. races C. is raced D. is racing

18. There _____ a pen, two pencils, and three books on the desk.

A. are B. is C. has D. have

19. The factory, including its machines and buildings, _____ burnt last night.

A. is B. are C. were D. was

20. Climbing hills _____ of great help to health. A. is B. are C. were D. be

21. Not the teacher but the students ____ excited. A. is B. has C. are D. have

22. The injured in the tsunami _____ good care of by some medical teams.

A. is taken B. are being taken C. are taking D. is being taken

23. As I have a meeting at four, ten minutes _____ all that I can spare to talk with you. A. are B. was C. is D. were

24. Each man and each woman _____ asked to help when the fire broke out.

A. is B. was C. are D. were

25. About 60 percent of the students _____ from the south; the rest of them ____ from the north and foreign countries.

A. are; is B. is; is C. is; are D. are; are

1. Three ______ died in the terrible fire in Luoyang last winter.

A. hundreds people B. hundred people C. hundreds peoples D. hundred peoples

2. Either you or the president _______ the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting.

A. is handing out B. are to hand out C. are handing out D. is to hand out

3. I, who ______ your close friend, will try my best to help you out of trouble.

A. am B. is C. are D. be

4. The Olympic Games in the year 2008 ______ in Beijing of China, which ______ known to us all.

A. is to hold; is B. is to be held; was C. are to hold; is D. are to be held; is

5. There _____ a lot of rubbish on the floor so I asked Mary to sweep _____ up.

A. were; it B. are; them C. was; it D. is; them

6. Three million tons of coal ______ every year in the city.

A. is exploited B. are exploited C. had exploited D. have exploited

7. Stories of the Long March _______ popular with the young people now.

A. is B. was C. are D. were

8. Mathematics _______ the language of science.

A. are B. are going to be C. is D. is to be

9. Both rice and wheat _____ grown in our country.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

10. ________ either of your parents come to see you recently?

A. Have B. Had C. Has D. Is

11. What the children in the mountain village need ________ good books.

A. is B. are C. have D. has

12. The whole family _______ TV attentively.

A. are watching B. is watching C. is seeing D. are seeing

13. Nothing but several glasses ________ bought by my father the day before yesterday.

A. was B. were C. have been D. would be

14. At the bus stop ______ a soldier and two young people on their way to the village.

A. were B. was C. is D. sits

15. If law and order ______, neither the citizen nor his family is safe.

A. are not preserved B. is not preserved C. were preserved D. have not been preserved

16. There ______ little change in that middle school.

A. have B. had C. have been D. has been

17. What such a sunset is ______ strange to us all.

A. going to be B. / C. is D. that

18. Seventy-five percent of the earth’s surface ______ with water.

A. is covered B. is covering C. were covered D. are covered

19. The following ______ some other mental diseases.

A. being B. are C. was D. were

20. Not only you but also I ______ able to help him out.

A. are B. is C. am D. were

21. “ The Kites” ______ us a story of the kite’s history.

A. have told B. tells C. were told D. was told

22. You and I _____ twin sisters. A. were B. are C. is D. am

23. A teacher of English and class teacher _______ us something about volunteer workers.

A. are telling B. is telling C. are given D. were given

24. Thousands of tons of rubbish ________ over a large period of time.

A. rots away B. rot away C. has rotted away D. are rotted away

25. Mayor as well as volunteer workers _______ the newly-built stadium.

A. is cleaning B. are cleaning C. were cleaning D. have cleaned

26. Many a student ______ something about Abraham Lincoln.

A. have known B. knows C. is known D. are known

27. The defense works ______ built long ago to keep the enemy away.

A. were B. has been C. had been D. was

28. “ Have you all studied the passage ‘Using the Mind against Disease’？”

“______ .”

A. Nobody of us has B. Nobody of us have

C. None of us has D. None of us did

29. A group of Italian soldiers ______ quickly towards their position.

A. were advancing B. were advanced C. was advancing D. advancing

30. Everyone, men and women, old and young ______ sports and games.

A. is enjoy B. were enjoying C. enjoys D. enjoy