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Action过滤器重构

桂素伟 996

前言:

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(注:本文参照 NickChapsas的Attributes get a feature long-overdue in C# 11)

今天看一个泛型特性的例子,这个功能在C#11才受支持。

在asp.net core mvc中,可以给action添加filter,达到拦截作用,实现如下:

public class MyFilter : IAsyncActionFilter{    public async Task OnActionExecutionAsync(ActionExecutingContext context, ActionExecutionDelegate next)    {        Console.WriteLine("Action前执行");        await next();        Console.WriteLine("Action后执行");    }}

使用方式,在Action上添加ServiceFilter特性即可,如下:

[ServiceFilter(typeof(MyFilter))]       public IEnumerable<WeatherForecast> Get(){      return Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(index => new WeatherForecast      {           Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(index),           TemperatureC = Random.Shared.Next(-20, 55),           Summary = Summaries[Random.Shared.Next(Summaries.Length)]      })      .ToArray();}

在运行前记得把MyFilter注放到Service容器中:

builder.Services.AddScoped<MyFilter>();

为了支持C#11,在项目文件.csproj中,PropertyGroup中添加一行<LangVersion>preview</LangVersion>

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">  <PropertyGroup>    <TargetFramework>net7.0</TargetFramework>    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>    <LangVersion>preview</LangVersion>  </PropertyGroup>  <ItemGroup>    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.OpenApi" Version="7.0.0-preview.4.22251.1" />    <PackageReference Include="Swashbuckle.AspNetCore" Version="6.3.1" />  </ItemGroup></Project>

现在就可以定义一个继承IFilterFactory的特性类了,并且是泛型的。

[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple = true, Inherited = true)]public class GSWFilterAttribute<TFilter> : Attribute, IFilterFactory, IOrderedFilter where TFilter : IAsyncActionFilter{    public bool IsReusable { get; set; }    public int Order { get; set; }    public IFilterMetadata CreateInstance(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)    {        if (serviceProvider != null)        {            var filter = (IFilterMetadata)serviceProvider.GetRequiredService(typeof(TFilter));            if (filter is IFilterFactory filterFactory)            {                filter = filterFactory.CreateInstance(serviceProvider);            }            return filter;        }        else        {            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(serviceProvider));        }    }}

使用时,直接把泛型类型放上就可以了,如下:

[GSWFilter<MyFilter>]public IEnumerable<WeatherForecast> Get(){    return Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(index => new WeatherForecast    {         Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(index),        TemperatureC = Random.Shared.Next(-20, 55),        Summary = Summaries[Random.Shared.Next(Summaries.Length)]    })    .ToArray();}

虽然两种方法实现的功能是一样的,但后一种看起来更优雅一些。同时说明一下,如果多个MyFilter功能的过滤器,可以增加Order属性,如下:

[GSWFilter<MyFilter1>(Order = 2)][GSWFilter<MyFilter2>(Order = 1)]public IEnumerable<WeatherForecast> Get()

标签: #mvc action过滤器