在 Python 中，我们使用函数获取数字的绝对值abs()。但abs()可以做的远不止这些。此函数还可以处理不太常见的值。

Python 中复数的绝对值

当我们使用abs()处理复数时，该函数返回复数的大小。

complexA = 2 + 1j * 3complexB = (2 - 1j) * 3# Output magnitude of complex numbersprint("Absolute values of", complexA, "and", complexB, "are:")print(abs(complexA), " | ", abs(complexB))

输出：

Absolute values of (2+3j) and (6-3j) are:3.605551275463989  |  6.708203932499369

我们大多数情况下使用abs()函数求十进制数的绝对值。处理二进制数、八进制数、十六进制数时，返回什么结果呢？

positiveBinary = 0b11110negativeBinary = -0b11110print("Absolute value of 30 and -30 in binary form:")print(abs(positiveBinary), " | ", abs(negativeBinary))

输出：

Absolute value of 30 and -30 in binary form:30  |  30

positiveHex = 0x1EnegativeHex = -0x1Eprint("Absolute value of 30 and -30 in hexadecimal form:")print(abs(positiveHex), " | ", abs(negativeHex))

输出：

Absolute value of 30 and -30 in hexadecimal form:30  |  30

positiveOctal = 0o36negativeOctal = -0o36print("Absolute value of 30 and -30 in octal form:")print(abs(positiveOctal), " | ", abs(negativeOctal))

输出：

Absolute value of 30 and -30 in octal form:30  |  30

不论什么进制，都是返回十进制值。

科学记数法的绝对值

当我们使用abs()函数对用科学记数法的数求绝对值，我们会得到一个常规的浮点值。

positiveExp = 3.0e1negativeExp = -3.0e1print("Absolute value of 30 and -30 in scientific notation:")print(abs(negativeExp), " | ", abs(negativeExp))

输出：

Absolute value of 30 and -30 in scientific notation:30.0  |  30.0

# Store some uncommon values in variablespositiveInf = float("inf")negativeInf = float("-inf")nanValue = float("nan")# Output their absolute valuesprint("Absolute values of:")print("Positive infinity (+∞):", abs(positiveInf))print("Negative infinity (-∞):", abs(negativeInf))print("Not a number (NaN):", abs(nanValue))

abs()函数如何处理两种特殊值：正无穷大和负无穷大以及非数字值 (NaN)。

输出：

Absolute values of:Positive infinity (+∞): infNegative infinity (-∞): infNot a number (NaN): nan