前言:
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一、 SSO简介1.1 单点登录定义1.2 单点登录角色1.3 单点登录分类二、 CAS简介2.1 CAS简单定义2.2 CAS体系结构2.3 CAS原理三、CAS服务端搭建3.1 CAS支持Http登录配置3.2 CAS服务端部署运行四、CAS客户端接入五、客户端极速接入一、 SSO简介1.1 单点登录定义
单点登录(Single sign on),英文名称缩写SSO,SSO的意思就是在多系统的环境中,登录单方系统,就可以在不用再次登录的情况下访问相关受信任的系统。也就是说只要登录一次单体系统就可以。
1.2 单点登录角色
单点登录一般包括下面三种角色:
①用户(多个);
②认证中心(一个);
③Web应用(多个)。
PS:这里所说的web应用可以理解为SSO Client,认证中心可以说是SSO Server。
1.3 单点登录分类
因为http协议是无状态的协议,所以要保持登录状态,必须要存储登录信息,按照存储方式,单点登录实现方式主要可以分为两种。
一种是基于Cookie的,这种比较常见,比如下文介绍的CAS也是基于Cookie的;另外一种是基于Session的,其实理解起来就是会话共享,只有实现不同子系统之间的会话共享就能实现单点登录,详情可以参考我之前的博客,就是实现会话共享实现单点登录的,链接二、 CAS简介2.1 CAS简单定义
CAS(Center Authentication Service)是耶鲁大学研究的一款开源的单点登录项目,主要为web项目提供单点登录实现,属于Web SSO。
CAS Github链接Apereo CAS官方网站2.2 CAS体系结构
CAS体系结构分为CAS Server和CAS Client。
CAS Server就是Cas开源的,需要去github下载,然后进行修改;Cas Client
可以是App或者web端的或者PC端,CAS支持多种开发语言,java、php、C#等等
PS:图来自官网,这里简单介绍一下,从图可以看出,CAS支持多种方式的认证,一种是LDAP的、比较常见的数据库Database的JDBC,还有Active Directory等等;支持的协议有Custom Protocol 、 CAS 、 OAuth 、 OpenID 、 RESTful API 、 SAML1.1 、 SAML2.0 等
2.3 CAS原理
下面给出一张来自CAS官方的图片
CAS登录等系统分为CAS Server和CAS Client,下面,我根据我的理解稍微解释一下:
1、用户访问CAS Client请求资源
2、客户端程序做了重定向,重定向到CAS Server
3、CAS Server会对请求做认证,验证是否有TGC(Ticket Granted Cookie,有TGC说明已经登录过,不需要再登录,没有就返回登录页面
4、认证通过后会生成一个Service Ticket返回Cas Client,客户端进行Ticket缓存,一般放在Cookie里,我们称之为TGC(Ticket Granted Cookie)
5、然后Cas Client就带着Ticket再次访问Cas Server,CAS Server进行Ticket验证
6、CAS Server对Ticket进行验证,通过就返回用户信息,用户拿到信息后就可以登录
看到这个过程,我们大概就能理解CAS是怎么实现的,看起来过程挺多的,不过这些过程都是CAS在后台做的。CAS Service和CAS Client通讯基于HttpUrlConnection
注意要点:
TGT(Ticket Granded Ticket),就是存储认证凭据的Cookie,有TGT说明已经通过认证ST(Service Ticket),是由CAS认证中心生成的一个唯一的不可伪装的票据,用于认证的没登录过的或者TGT失效的,访问时候也跳转到认证中心,发现没有TGT,说明没有通过认证,直接重定向登录页面,输入账号密码后,再次重定向到认证中心,验证通过后,生成ST,返回客户端保存到TGC登录过的而且TGT没有失效的,直接带着去认证中心认证,认证中心发现有TGT,重定向到客户端,并且带上ST,客户端再带ST去认证中心验证三、CAS服务端搭建3.1 CAS支持Http登录配置
CAS默认是要https的链接才能登录的,不过学习的话是可以先驱动https限制,本博客介绍的是基于Cas4.2.7的,之前改过4.0的,详情见
Cas4.2.7和4.0的修改是不一样的,Cas4.2.7版本需要自己编译,是基于Gradle的,不是基于Maven的,觉得麻烦可以下载4.0,因为4.0版本有提供war包,不需要自己编译,下面介绍一下4.2.7版本,怎么支持http登录
需要修改cas4.2.7的cas-server-webapp/WEB-INF/cas.properties,全都改为非安全的
tgc.secure=falsewarn.cookie.secure=false
cas-server-webapp/resources/service/HTTPSandIMAPS-10000001.json原来的
"serviceId" : "^(https|imaps)://.*"
加上http
"serviceId" : "^(https|imaps|http)://.*"
注释cas-server-webapp/WEB-INF/view/jsp/default/ui/casLoginView.jsp页面中校验是否是HTTPS协议的标签块
<c:if test="${not pageContext.request.secure}"> <div id="msg" class="errors"> <h2><spring:message code="screen.nonsecure.title" /></h2> <p><spring:message code="screen.nonsecure.message" /></p> </div></c:if>
然后登录就没非安全提示了
3.2 CAS服务端部署运行
然后将war包丢在Tomcat的webapp里,部署启动,默认账号密码casuser/Mellon,cas4.2.7的账号密码是写在cas.properties里的,这个和4.0的不一样
accept.authn.users=casuser::Mellon
登录成功,当然在项目中,肯定不能这样做,这个需要我们配置jdbc或者加上权限校验等等
单点登出
四、CAS客户端接入
本博客介绍一下基于SpringBoot的Cas客户端接入,数据库采用mysql,权限控制采用Shiro
maven配置,加上Shiro和CAS的相关jar:
CAS和Shiro的相关版本
<properties> <shiro.version>1.2.3</shiro.version> <shiro.spring.version>1.2.4</shiro.spring.version> <shiro.encache.version>1.2.4</shiro.encache.version> <cas.version>3.2.0</cas.version> <shiro.cas.version>1.2.4</shiro.cas.version> </properties>
加上Shiro和cas相关jar
<!-- Shiro --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId> <version>${shiro.spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-ehcache</artifactId> <version>${shiro.encache.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-cas</artifactId> <version>${shiro.cas.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- cas --> <dependency> <groupId>org.jasig.cas.client</groupId> <artifactId>cas-client-core</artifactId> <version>${cas.version}</version> </dependency>
新建一个环境类,保存cas的一些配置链接:
package org.muses.jeeplatform.core;/** * <pre> * CAS配置环境类 * </pre> * * @author nicky.ma * <pre> * 修改记录 * 修改后版本: 修改人: 修改日期: 2019年05月25日 修改内容: * </pre> */public class CASConsts { /* CAS单点登录配置 */ //Cas server地址 public static final String CAS_SERVER_URL_PREFIX = ";; //Cas单点登录地址 public static final String CAS_LOGIN_URL = CAS_SERVER_URL_PREFIX +"/login"; //CAS单点登出地址 public static final String CAS_LOGOUT_URL = CAS_SERVER_URL_PREFIX + "/logout"; //对外提供的服务地址 public static final String SERVER_URL_PREFIX = ";; //Cas过滤器的urlPattern public static final String CAS_FILTER_URL_PATTERN = "/jeeplatform"; //CAS客户端单点登录跳转地址 public static final String CAS_CLIENT_LOGIN_URL = CAS_LOGIN_URL + "?service="+SERVER_URL_PREFIX+CAS_FILTER_URL_PATTERN; //CAS客户端单点登出 public static final String CAS_CLIENT_LOGOUT_URL = CAS_LOGOUT_URL + "?service="+SERVER_URL_PREFIX+CAS_FILTER_URL_PATTERN; //登录成功地址 public static final String LOGIN_SUCCESS_URL = "/index"; //无权访问页面403 public static final String LOGIN_UNAUTHORIZED_URL = "/403";}
ShiroCas配置类:
package org.muses.jeeplatform.config;import org.apache.shiro.cas.CasFilter;import org.apache.shiro.cas.CasSubjectFactory;import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;import org.jasig.cas.client.authentication.AuthenticationFilter;import org.jasig.cas.client.session.SingleSignOutFilter;import org.jasig.cas.client.session.SingleSignOutHttpSessionListener;import org.jasig.cas.client.validation.Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter;import org.muses.jeeplatform.core.shiro.ShiroRealm;import org.muses.jeeplatform.web.filter.SysAccessControllerFilter;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletListenerRegistrationBean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import javax.servlet.Filter;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.LinkedHashMap;import java.util.Map;import static org.muses.jeeplatform.core.CASConsts.*;/** * @author nicky.ma */@Configurationpublic class ShiroConfig { private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ShiroConfig.class); /** * 单点登出监听器 * @return */ @Bean public ServletListenerRegistrationBean singleSignOutHttpSeessionListener(){ ServletListenerRegistrationBean bean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean(); bean.setListener(new SingleSignOutHttpSessionListener()); bean.setEnabled(true); return bean; } /** * 注册单点登出的过滤器 * @return */ @Bean public FilterRegistrationBean singleSignOutFilter(){ FilterRegistrationBean bean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); bean.setName("singleSignOutFilter"); bean.setFilter(new SingleSignOutFilter()); bean.addUrlPatterns("/*"); bean.setEnabled(true); return bean; } @Bean public FilterRegistrationBean authenticationFilter(){ FilterRegistrationBean bean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); bean.setFilter(new AuthenticationFilter()); bean.addUrlPatterns("/*"); bean.setName("CAS AuthenticationFilter"); bean.addInitParameter("casServerLoginUrl",CAS_SERVER_URL_PREFIX); bean.addInitParameter("serverName",SERVER_URL_PREFIX); return bean; } /** * 单点登录校验 * @return */ @Bean public FilterRegistrationBean validationFilter(){ FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); registrationBean.setFilter(new Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter()); registrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/*"); registrationBean.setName("CAS Validation Filter"); registrationBean.addInitParameter("casServerUrlPrefix", CAS_SERVER_URL_PREFIX ); registrationBean.addInitParameter("serverName", SERVER_URL_PREFIX ); return registrationBean; } /** * CAS过滤器 * @return */ @Bean public CasFilter getCasFilter(){ CasFilter casFilter = new CasFilter(); casFilter.setName("casFilter"); casFilter.setEnabled(true); casFilter.setFailureUrl(CAS_CLIENT_LOGIN_URL); casFilter.setSuccessUrl(LOGIN_SUCCESS_URL); return casFilter; } /** * 定义ShrioRealm * @return */ @Bean public ShiroRealm myShiroRealm(){ ShiroRealm myShiroRealm = new ShiroRealm(); return myShiroRealm; } /** * Shiro Security Manager * @return */ @Bean public SecurityManager securityManager(){ DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager(); //securityManager.setRealm(myShiroRealm()); securityManager.setSubjectFactory(new CasSubjectFactory()); return securityManager; } /** * ShiroFilterFactoryBean * @param securityManager * @return */ @Bean public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shirFilter(SecurityManager securityManager,CasFilter casFilter) { ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean(); //注册Shrio Security Manager shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl(CAS_CLIENT_LOGIN_URL); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSuccessUrl(LOGIN_SUCCESS_URL); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl(LOGIN_UNAUTHORIZED_URL); //添加CasFilter到ShiroFilter Map<String,Filter> filters = new HashMap<String,Filter>(); filters.put("casFilter",casFilter); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilters(filters); //拦截器. Map<String,String> filterChainDefinitionMap = new LinkedHashMap<>(); //Shiro集成CAS后需要添加该规则 filterChainDefinitionMap.put(CAS_FILTER_URL_PATTERN,"casFilter"); // 配置不会被拦截的链接 顺序判断 filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/static/**", "anon"); filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/upload/**", "anon"); filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/plugins/**", "anon"); filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/code", "anon"); //filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/login", "anon"); filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/403", "anon"); //filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/logincheck", "anon"); filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/logout","anon"); filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/**", "authc"); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterChainDefinitionMap); return shiroFilterFactoryBean; } }
自定义的CasRealm:
package org.muses.jeeplatform.core.shiro;import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;import org.apache.shiro.cas.CasRealm;import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;import org.muses.jeeplatform.core.entity.admin.User;import org.muses.jeeplatform.service.UserService;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;import javax.annotation.Resource;import static org.muses.jeeplatform.core.CASConsts.CAS_FILTER_URL_PATTERN;import static org.muses.jeeplatform.core.CASConsts.CAS_SERVER_URL_PREFIX;/** * @description 基于Shiro框架的权限安全认证和授权 * @author Nicky * @date 2017年3月12日 */public class ShiroRealm extends CasRealm { Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ShiroRealm.class); /**注解引入业务类**/ @Resource UserService userService; @PostConstruct public void initProperty(){ setCasServerUrlPrefix(CAS_SERVER_URL_PREFIX); //客户端回调地址 setCasService(CAS_SERVER_URL_PREFIX + CAS_FILTER_URL_PATTERN); } /** * 登录信息和用户验证信息验证(non-Javadoc) * @see org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthenticatingRealm#doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken) */ @Override protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException { if(LOG.isInfoEnabled()) { LOG.info("=>执行Shiro权限认证"); } String username = (String)token.getPrincipal(); //得到用户名 String password = new String((char[])token.getCredentials()); //得到密码 User user = userService.findByUsername(username); /* 检测是否有此用户 */ if(user == null){ throw new UnknownAccountException();//没有找到账号异常 } /* 检验账号是否被锁定 */ if(Boolean.TRUE.equals(user.getLocked())){ throw new LockedAccountException();//抛出账号锁定异常 } /* AuthenticatingRealm使用CredentialsMatcher进行密码匹配*/ if(null != username && null != password){ return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(username, password, getName()); }else{ return null; } } /** * 授权查询回调函数, 进行鉴权但缓存中无用户的授权信息时调用,负责在应用程序中决定用户的访问控制的方法(non-Javadoc) * @see AuthorizingRealm#doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection) */ @Override protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection pc) { if(LOG.isInfoEnabled()) { LOG.info("=>执行Shiro授权"); } String username = (String)pc.getPrimaryPrincipal(); SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo(); authorizationInfo.setRoles(userService.getRoles(username)); authorizationInfo.setStringPermissions(userService.getPermissions(username)); return authorizationInfo; } @Override public void clearCachedAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) { super.clearCachedAuthorizationInfo(principals); } @Override public void clearCachedAuthenticationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) { super.clearCachedAuthenticationInfo(principals); } @Override public void clearCache(PrincipalCollection principals) { super.clearCache(principals); }}五、客户端极速接入
上面例子是比较麻烦的,我们要接入客户端可以常用第三方的starter lib来对接
<!-- CAS依赖包 --> <dependency> <groupId>net.unicon.cas</groupId> <artifactId>cas-client-autoconfig-support</artifactId> <version>1.5.0-GA</version> </dependency>
yaml配置:
cas: server-login-url: server-url-prefix: client-host-url: validation-type: cas# use-session: true
加个Springboot配置类:
package org.muses.jeeplatform.config;import net.unicon.cas.client.configuration.CasClientConfigurerAdapter;import net.unicon.cas.client.configuration.EnableCasClient;import org.jasig.cas.client.authentication.AuthenticationFilter;import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;@Configuration@EnableCasClientpublic class CASConfig extends CasClientConfigurerAdapter { private static final String CAS_SERVER_URL_LOGIN = ";; private static final String SERVER_NAME = ";;// @Override// public void configureAuthenticationFilter(FilterRegistrationBean authenticationFilter) {// super.configureAuthenticationFilter(authenticationFilter);// //authenticationFilter.getInitParameters().put("authenticationRedirectStrategyClass","com.test.CustomAuthRedirectStrategy");// } @Bean public FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean(){ FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); registrationBean.setFilter(new AuthenticationFilter()); registrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/*"); Map<String, String> initParameters = new HashMap<String,String>(16); initParameters.put("casServerLoginUrl",CAS_SERVER_URL_LOGIN); initParameters.put("serverName",SERVER_NAME); initParameters.put("ignorePattern","/logoutSuccess/*"); registrationBean.setOrder(1); return registrationBean; }}
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