1 修改/etc/yum.conf的keepcache=1

[root@136 packages]# vi /etc/yum.conf

keepcache=1

2 安装yum-utils包

[root@136 packages]# rpm -qa |grep yum-utils

[root@136 packages]# yum -y install yum-utils*

已加载插件：fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: mirrors.aliyun.com

* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com

* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com

base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00

extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00

updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00

updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 5.0 MB 00:00:00

正在解决依赖关系

--> 正在检查事务

---> 软件包 yum-utils.noarch.0.1.1.31-50.el7 将被 安装

--> 正在处理依赖关系 python-kitchen，它被软件包 yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch 需要

--> 正在处理依赖关系 libxml2-python，它被软件包 yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch 需要

--> 正在检查事务

---> 软件包 libxml2-python.x86_64.0.2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 将被 安装

---> 软件包 python-kitchen.noarch.0.1.1.1-5.el7 将被 安装

--> 正在处理依赖关系 python-chardet，它被软件包 python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch 需要

--> 正在检查事务

---> 软件包 python-chardet.noarch.0.2.2.1-1.el7_1 将被 安装

--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

===========================================================================================================================

Package 架构 版本 源 大小

===========================================================================================================================

正在安装:

yum-utils noarch 1.1.31-50.el7 base 121 k

为依赖而安装:

libxml2-python x86_64 2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 base 247 k

python-chardet noarch 2.2.1-1.el7_1 base 227 k

python-kitchen noarch 1.1.1-5.el7 base 267 k

事务概要

===========================================================================================================================

安装 1 软件包 (+3 依赖软件包)

总下载量：861 k

安装大小：4.3 M

Downloading packages:

(1/4): libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64.rpm | 247 kB 00:00:00

(2/4): python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch.rpm | 227 kB 00:00:00

(3/4): python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 267 kB 00:00:00

(4/4): yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm | 121 kB 00:00:00

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

总计 1.9 MB/s | 861 kB 00:00:00

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

正在安装 : python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch 1/4

正在安装 : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch 2/4

正在安装 : libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64 3/4

正在安装 : yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch 4/4

验证中 : libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64 1/4

验证中 : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch 2/4

验证中 : yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch 3/4

验证中 : python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch 4/4

已安装:

yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-50.el7

作为依赖被安装:

libxml2-python.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 python-chardet.noarch 0:2.2.1-1.el7_1 python-kitchen.noarch 0:1.1.1-5.el7

完毕！

[root@136 packages]# rpm -ql yum-utils

/etc/bash_completion.d

/etc/bash_completion.d/yum-utils.bash

/usr/bin/debuginfo-install

/usr/bin/find-repos-of-install

/usr/bin/needs-restarting

/usr/bin/package-cleanup

/usr/bin/repo-graph

/usr/bin/repo-rss

/usr/bin/repoclosure

/usr/bin/repodiff

/usr/bin/repomanage

/usr/bin/repoquery

/usr/bin/reposync

/usr/bin/repotrack

/usr/bin/show-changed-rco

/usr/bin/show-installed

/usr/bin/verifytree

/usr/bin/yum-builddep

/usr/bin/yum-config-manager

/usr/bin/yum-debug-dump

/usr/bin/yum-debug-restore

/usr/bin/yum-groups-manager

/usr/bin/yumdownloader

/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yumutils

/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yumutils/__init__.py

/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yumutils/__init__.pyc

/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yumutils/__init__.pyo

/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yumutils/i18n.py

/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yumutils/i18n.pyc

/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yumutils/i18n.pyo

/usr/sbin/yum-complete-transaction

/usr/sbin/yumdb

/usr/share/doc/yum-utils-1.1.31

/usr/share/doc/yum-utils-1.1.31/COPYING

/usr/share/doc/yum-utils-1.1.31/README

/usr/share/doc/yum-utils-1.1.31/yum-util-cli-template

/usr/share/locale/da/LC_MESSAGES/yum-utils.mo

/usr/share/man/man1/debuginfo-install.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/find-repos-of-install.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/needs-restarting.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/package-cleanup.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/repo-graph.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/repo-rss.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/repoclosure.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/repodiff.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/repomanage.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/repoquery.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/reposync.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/repotrack.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/show-changed-rco.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/show-installed.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/verifytree.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/yum-builddep.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/yum-config-manager.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/yum-debug-dump.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/yum-debug-restore.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/yum-groups-manager.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/yum-utils.1.gz

/usr/share/man/man1/yumdownloader.1.gz #可以看到yumdownloade这个工具是由yum-utils这个软件安装生成的！

/usr/share/man/man8/yum-complete-transaction.8.gz

/usr/share/man/man8/yumdb.8.gz

3 使用yumdownloader 下载

[root@136 packages]# yumdownloader centos-release-openstack-rocky

已加载插件：fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: mirrors.aliyun.com

* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com

* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com

centos-release-openstack-rocky-1-1.el7.centos.noarch.rpm | 5.2 kB 00:00:00

[root@136 packages]# ls

centos-release-openstack-rocky-1-1.el7.centos.noarch.rpm python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm

libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64.rpm yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm

python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch.rpm

[root@136 packages]# pwd

/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages

注意，下载软件及依赖包需要加参数

为了根据所有依赖性下载软件包，我们使用 --resolve 参数：

yumdownloader --resolve httpd

为了将软件下载到一个特定的目录下，我们使用 --destdir 参数：

yumdownloader --resolve --destdir=/root/mypackages/ httpd

或者

yumdownloader --resolve --destdir /root/mypackages/ httpd