制作自定义CentOS7 最小化的Docker镜像

一、从头创建一个CentOS的基础框架

首先安装好CentOS7，并在上面安装Docker，然后执行：

如果找不到该命令，用 yum install supermin* 安装

supermin5 --prepare yum -o supermin.d

supermin5 --build --format chroot supermin.d -o appliance.d

cd appliance.d

mv usr/share/locale/en usr/share/locale/en_US tmp

rm -rf usr/share/locale/*

mv tmp/en tmp/en_US usr/share/locale/

mv usr/share/i18n/locales/en_US tmp

rm -rf usr/share/i18n/locales/*

mv tmp/en_US usr/share/i18n/locales/

echo 7 > etc/yum/vars/releasever

cd ..

tar --numeric-owner -cpf centos7-zero.tar -C appliance.d .

cat centos7-zero.tar | docker import - local/centos7-zero

二、安装必要的组件，完成一个最小的CentOS7镜像

在主机上执行：

docker run -i -t local/centos7-zero /bin/bash

在container中执行：

# yum update -y

# yum install -y openssh* net-tools.x86_64 audit-libs basesystem bash binutils bzip2-libs ca-certificates centos-release chkconfig coreutils cpio cracklib cracklib-dicts curl cyrus-sasl-lib dbus-libs device-mapper device-mapper-libs diffutils elfutils-libelf expat fakesystemd file file-libs filesystem findutils gawk gdbm glib2 glibc glibc-common gmp gnupg2 gpgme grep groff-base gzip hardlink info iproute iptables iptables-services iputils keyutils-libs kmod-libs kpartx krb5-libs less libacl libassuan libattr libblkid libcap libcap-ng libcom_err libcroco libcurl libdb libdb-utils libffi libgcc libgcrypt libgomp libgpg-error libidn libmnl libmount libnetfilter_conntrack libnfnetlink libpwquality libselinux libsemanage libsepol libssh2 libstdc++ libtasn1 libunistring libuser libutempter libuuid libverto libxml2 lua ncurses ncurses-base ncurses-libs nspr nss nss-softokn nss-softokn-freebl nss-sysinit nss-tools nss-util openldap openssl-libs p11-kit p11-kit-trust pam pcre pinentry pkgconfig popt procps-ng pth pygpgme pyliblzma python python-iniparse python-libs python-pycurl python-urlgrabber pyxattr readline rootfiles rpm rpm-build-libs rpm-libs rpm-python sed setup shadow-utils shared-mime-info sqlite systemd-libs tzdata ustr util-linux vim-minimal which xz xz-libs yum yum-metadata-parser yum-plugin-fastestmirror zlib

# yum update -y && yum clean all

# exit

#bash: ifconfig: command not found

#yum search ifconfig

#yum -y install hostname.x86_64

#yum install passwd.x86_64

#vi /root/run.sh

#!/bin/sh

/usr/sbin/sshd -D &

/bin/bash

#修改shell提示符

export PS1='[\u@\H \w]\$ '

#保存新镜像

#docker commit 535d36af187e centos7:v1.1

在主机上执行：

# docker export > centos7-minimal.tar

docker ps -a

docker export 9a8ba4bc47d4 > centos7-minimal.tar

导入镜像

cat centos7-minimal.tar |docker import - centos7:v1.0

#启动镜像

docker run -itd -p 20022:22 centos7:v1.1 /run.sh

#查看docker ip

docker exec 5a6291208980 ip addr

#登录ssh

ssh root@172.17.0.2

密码: ld@2020

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制作镜像时想包含某个命令，但又不知道在哪个包时，可以用yum whatprovides 来查找

supermin5

Supermin 是一个用来创建迷你虚拟环境的工具，有点类似创建的迷你虚拟机环境

使用supermin5创建虚拟环境

注：以下命令需要使用root用户来执行

# mkdir myenv

# cd myenv

# 下面命令是准备要安装的软件包并保存在supermin.d目录下

# supermin5 -v --prepare bash coreutils iputils tar wget git vim yum python python2-pip -o supermin.d

# 下面命令是根据上一步准备的安装包目录制作隔离的环境，并保存在appliance.d目录下

# supermin5 -v --build --format chroot supermin.d -o appliance.d

# 如果要上网执行下面命令

# cp /etc/resolv.conf appliance.d/etc/

# 如果要使用yum安装软件包

# echo 7 > appliance.d/etc/yum/vars/releasever