前言:
目前我们对“webservice调用css”都比较关怀,你们都需要剖析一些“webservice调用css”的相关知识。那么小编同时在网摘上收集了一些有关“webservice调用css””的相关内容,希望看官们能喜欢,同学们一起来学习一下吧!本期介绍
本期主要介绍微服务~远程调用
文章目录
什么是远程调用
基本功能
GET请求--无参:查询所有
练习:GET请求:查询详情
GET请求--有参:拼凑URL
POST请求:手动拼凑JSON
概述前言
2个团队,分别开发了“商品管理系统”和“用户管理系统”
问题:“商品管理系统”需要使用“用户管理系统”某个功能,怎么办?
根据用户的会员等级,显示不同的打折
什么是远程调用客户端程序通过接口调用服务端程序,并获得该服务返回的数据的过程,称为远程调用。“商品管理系统”调用“用户管理系统”的过程,就是“远程调用”。此时“商品管理系统”相当于模拟“浏览器”。调用方式常见的远程调用方式有2种:RPC:Remote Produce Call远程过程调用,==自定义数据==格式的远程调用方式。基于原生TCP通信,速度快,效率高。Http:采用http协议远程调用方式,==规定==了数据传输的格式,缺点是消息封装臃肿。现在热门的Rest风格,就可以通过http协议来实现。常见框架 :RPC常见框架: dubbo、WebServiceHttp常见框架: HttpClient、RestTemplate
区别
HTTP
RPC
速度
较慢
快
难度
简单
复杂
灵活性
灵活,跨平台、跨语言
如何选择
那么我们该怎么选择呢?==微服务==,基于Spring Cloud的微服务,更加强调的是独立、自治、灵活,一般都会采用 基于Http 的Rest风格服务。搭建环境父项目项目名:nacos-parent-2.1添加坐标:
<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-build</artifactId> <version>2.3.5.RELEASE</version> </parent> <properties> <spring.cloud.version>Hoxton.SR12</spring.cloud.version> <spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.2.7-SNAPSHOT</spring.cloud.alibaba.version> <mybatis.plus.starter.version>3.4.0</mybatis.plus.starter.version> <durid.starter.version>1.1.10</durid.starter.version> <swagger.version>2.7.0</swagger.version> <jwt.jjwt.version>0.9.0</jwt.jjwt.version> <jwt.joda.version>2.9.7</jwt.joda.version> </properties> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <!-- Spring Dependencies --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring-boot.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring.cloud.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <!-- mybatis-plus --> <dependency> <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.plus.starter.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Druid连接池 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>${durid.starter.version}</version> </dependency> <!--swagger2--> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> <version>${swagger.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> <version>${swagger.version}</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement>测试数据项目环境项目:nacos-data添加依赖
<dependencies> <!--web起步依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--swagger2--> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> </dependency> <!--支持lombok--> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>yml配置
server: port: 7778拷贝BaseResult 和 Swagger2ConfigurationV3编写启动类
package com.czxy;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;/** * Created by liangtong. */@SpringBootApplicationpublic class DataApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DataApplication.class, args); }}基本功能创建JavaBean
package com.czxy.domain;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;import lombok.Data;import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;/** * Created by liangtong. */@Data@NoArgsConstructor@AllArgsConstructorpublic class User { private Integer uid; private String username; private String password; private Integer age;}编写基本功能(模拟数据)
package com.czxy.controller;import com.czxy.domain.User;import com.czxy.vo.BaseResult;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;/** * Created by liangtong. */@RestController@RequestMapping("/user")public class UserController { @GetMapping public BaseResult findAll(){ List<User> list = new ArrayList<>(); list.add(new User(1,"jack","1234",18)); list.add(new User(2,"rose","5678",21)); list.add(new User(3,"tom","6666",25)); return BaseResult.ok("查询所有",list); } @GetMapping("/{uid}") public BaseResult findById(@PathVariable("uid")Integer uid){ User user = new User(1,"jack","1234",18); return BaseResult.ok("查询成功",user); } @GetMapping("/search") public BaseResult search(User user){ System.out.println(user); return BaseResult.ok("查询成功",user); } @PostMapping public BaseResult save(@RequestBody User user){ System.out.println(user);// return ResponseEntity.status(302).body(BaseResult.ok("添加成功")); return BaseResult.ok("添加成功"); } @PutMapping public BaseResult update(@RequestBody User user){ System.out.println(user); return BaseResult.ok("更新成功"); } @DeleteMapping("/{uid}") public BaseResult deleteById(@PathVariable("uid")Integer uid){ System.out.println(uid); return BaseResult.ok("删除成功"); }}测试
HttpClient入门概述HttpClient 是Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目,可以用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包,并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。搭建环境创建项目:nacos-httppom配置
<dependencies> <!--web起步依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--httpclient--> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> <version>4.5.6</version> </dependency> <!--支持lombok--> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> <!--fastjson--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.49</version> </dependency> <!-- 测试 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>创建启动类
package com.czxy;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class HttpApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(HttpApplication.class, args); }}编写测试类
package com.czxy;public class TestHttp {}基本功能GET请求--无参:查询所有以get请求的方式,获得所有结果1.创建客户端 (相当于打开浏览器)。CloseableHttpClient2.创建GET请求实例(确定访问路径) HTTPGet3.发送请求(回车访问)execute4.判断响应的状态码2005.通过工具处理响应内容6.关闭资源代码
@Test public void testFindAll() { try { //1 创建Httpclient对象,相当于打开了浏览器 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); //2 确定请求方式和请求路径,相当于在浏览器输入地址 HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(";); //3 执行请求并获取响应,相当于敲完地址后按下回车。 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) { String str = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()); System.out.println(str); } response.close(); httpClient.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }如果响应的数据乱码,需要手动设定练习:GET请求:查询详情
@Test public void testFindId() { String id = "1"; try { //1 创建Httpclient对象,相当于打开了浏览器 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); //2 确定请求方式和请求路径,相当于在浏览器输入地址 HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("; + id); //3 执行请求并获取响应,相当于敲完地址后按下回车。 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) { String str = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8"); System.out.println(str); } response.close(); httpClient.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }GET请求--有参:拼凑URL基本使用
@Test public void testDemo03(){ try { //1 创建Httpclient对象,相当于打开了浏览器 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); StringBuilder params = new StringBuilder(); params.append("username=张三"); params.append("&"); params.append("password=1234"); //2 确定请求方式和请求路径,相当于在浏览器输入地址 HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("; + "?" + params.toString()); //3 执行请求并获取响应,相当于敲完地址后按下回车。 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){ // 3.1 获得响应数据的类型 System.out.println(response.getEntity().getContentType()); // 3.2 获得响应体内容 String str = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8"); System.out.println(str); } response.close(); httpClient.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }拼凑特殊数据:URL中的特殊符号,需要使用URLEncoder处理
@Test public void testDemo04(){ try { //1 创建Httpclient对象,相当于打开了浏览器 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); StringBuilder params = new StringBuilder(); params.append("username=" + URLEncoder.encode("&","UTF-8")); params.append("&"); params.append("password=1234"); //2 确定请求方式和请求路径,相当于在浏览器输入地址 HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("; + "?" + params.toString()); //3 执行请求并获取响应,相当于敲完地址后按下回车。 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){ // 3.1 获得响应数据的类型 System.out.println(response.getEntity().getContentType()); // 3.2 获得响应体内容 String str = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8"); System.out.println(str); } response.close(); httpClient.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }POST请求:手动拼凑JSON
@Test public void testInsert() { try { //1 创建Httpclient对象,相当于打开了浏览器 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); //2 确定请求方式和请求路径,相当于在浏览器输入地址 HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost (";); // 2.1 准备json数据 String jsonStr = "{\n" + " \"uid\": \"1\",\n" + " \"username\": \"jack\",\n" + " \"password\": \"1234\",\n" + " \"age\": \"18\"\n" + " }"; // 2.2 设置请求体 httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(jsonStr,"UTF-8")); // 2.3 设置请求数据类型为json httpPost.setHeader("content-type","application/json;charset=UTF-8"); //3 执行请求并获取响应,相当于敲完地址后按下回车。 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) { String str = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8"); System.out.println(str); } response.close(); httpClient.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }POST请求:fastjsonfastjson 是阿里巴巴提供最快的json转换工具如果要使用fastjson,修改pom.xml文件,添加坐标(如果已有,忽略此步)
<!--fastjson--><dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.49</version></dependency>拷贝JavaBean:User代码
@Test public void testInsert2() { try { //1 创建Httpclient对象,相当于打开了浏览器 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); //2 确定请求方式和请求路径,相当于在浏览器输入地址 HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost (";); // 2.1 准备json数据 User user = new User(1,"jack","1234",18); String jsonStr = JSON.toJSONString(user); // 2.2 设置请求体 httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(jsonStr,"UTF-8")); // 2.3 设置请求数据类型为json httpPost.setHeader("content-type","application/json;charset=UTF-8"); //3 执行请求并获取响应,相当于敲完地址后按下回车。 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) { String str = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8"); System.out.println(str); } response.close(); httpClient.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
标签: #webservice调用css