ASP.NET Core Identity系列之九

opendotnet 06-28 465

前言：

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这一节中我们主要使用ASP.NET Core Identity 2FA(双因子验证)，双重因子认证是一个用户认证过程，当用户在登录页面输入账户和密码验证成功之后，用户会通过邮件和SMS收到一个一次性密码OTP(one-time-password)。用户在第二步登录验证中需要输入这个一次性密码OTP，这个过程极增加了应用程序的安全性

1、在Identity启用双因子验证

相同的方式，我们也能更新一个Identity 用户并且设置它的TwoFactorEnabled为true，代码如下：

启用双因子验证时，我们需要将EmailComfirmed设置为Ture

2、实现Identity双因子验证为了实现ASP.NET Core Identity双因子验证我们需要修改一下AccountController内Login方法，代码如下所示：

[HttpPost][AllowAnonymous][ValidateAntiForgeryToken]public async Task<IActionResult> Login(Login login){ if (ModelState.IsValid) { var appUser = await _userManager.FindByEmailAsync(login.Email); if (appUser != ) { await _signInManager.SignOutAsync(); var signInResult = await _signInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(appUser, login.Password, login.RememberMe, false); if (signInResult.Succeeded) { return Redirect(login.ReturnUrl ?? "/"); } if (appUser.TwoFactorEnabled) { return RedirectToAction("LoginTwoStep", new { Email = appUser.Email, ReturnUrl = login.ReturnUrl }); } } ModelState.AddModelError(nameof(login.Email), "Login Failed: Invalid Email or password"); } return View(login);}

我们可以看到在登录过程中我们查看用户是否启用双重验证，如果是则会跳转到LoginTwoStep，我们看一下LoginTwoStep是如何工作的，在AccountController中添加LoginTwoStep方法，代码如下：

[AllowAnonymous]public async Task<IActionResult> LoginTwoStep(string email, string returnUrl){ var appUser = await _userManager.FindByEmailAsync(email); //创建Token var token = await _userManager.GenerateTwoFactorTokenAsync(appUser ?? new AppUser(), "Email"); //发送邮件 _emailService.Send(appUser?.Email ?? "450190369@qq.com", "授权码", $"<h2>{token}</h2>"); //发送SMS //_smsService.Send(appUser?.PhoneNumber ?? "13333333333", token); return View("LoginTwoStep", new TwoFactor { ReturnUrl = returnUrl });}[HttpPost][AllowAnonymous]public async Task<IActionResult> LoginTwoStep(TwoFactor twoFactor, string returnUrl){ if (!ModelState.IsValid) { return View("LoginTwoStep", new TwoFactor { TwoFactorCode = twoFactor.TwoFactorCode, ReturnUrl = returnUrl }); } var result = await _signInManager.TwoFactorSignInAsync("Email", twoFactor.TwoFactorCode, false, false); if (result.Succeeded) { return Redirect(returnUrl ?? "/"); } else { ModelState.AddModelError("", "登录失败"); return View(); }}

注意：使用UserManager<T>类GenerateTwoFactorTokenAs

ync() 方法来创建token，接着我们将token发送给到用户邮箱，我们使用EmailService类在位于根目录下CommonService文件夹。这个类的主要工作是发送token到用户注册的邮箱地址，该类的代码如下：

public class EmailSetting{ public string EmailFrom { get; set; } = !; public string EmailTo { get; set; } = !; public string SmtpHost { get; set; } = !; public int SmtpPort { get; set; } public string SmtpUser { get; set; } = !; public string SmtpPass { get; set; } = !;}public interface IEmailService{ void Send(string to, string subject, string html, string from = );}public class EmailService : IEmailService{ private readonly EmailSetting _appSettings;
 public EmailService(IOptions<EmailSetting> options) { _appSettings = options.Value; } public void Send(string to, string subject, string html, string from = ) { //Create Message var email = new MimeMessage(); email.From.Add(MailboxAddress.Parse(_appSettings.EmailFrom)); email.To.Add(MailboxAddress.Parse(to)); email.Subject = subject; email.Body = new TextPart(TextFormat.Html) { Text = html };
 //Send Mail
 using var smtp = new SmtpClient(); smtp.Connect(_appSettings.SmtpHost, _appSettings.SmtpPort, MailKit.Security.SecureSocketOptions.StartTls); smtp.Authenticate(_appSettings.SmtpUser, _appSettings.SmtpPass); smtp.Send(email); smtp.Disconnect(true); }}

最后，TwoFactorSignInAsync 会验证用户的token，TwoFactor类如下：

public class TwoFactor{ [Required] [DisplayName("授权码")] public string TwoFactorCode { get; set; } = !; public string? ReturnUrl { get; set; }}

我们在Views->Account新建一个LoginTwoStep.cshtml视图

代码如下：

@model TwoFactor@{ ViewData["Title"] = "输入授权码";}<div class="container"> <form asp-action="LoginTwoStep" method="post"> <div class="mb-3 row align-items-center"> <div class="col-sm-1"> <label asp-for="TwoFactorCode" class="control-label"></label> <input type="hidden" name="returnUrl" value="@Model.ReturnUrl" /> </div> <div class="col-sm-11"> <input asp-for="TwoFactorCode" class="form-control" value="@Model.TwoFactorCode" /> </div> </div> <div class="mb-3 row align-items-center"> <div class="col-sm-11 offset-sm-1"> <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">登录</button> </div> </div> </form></div>