龙空技术网

Java POI 导出EXCEL经典实现

爱音乐的程序员小新人 1836

前言:

今天你们对“poiapache导入导出”大体比较珍视,看官们都想要知道一些“poiapache导入导出”的相关知识。那么小编也在网络上网罗了一些对于“poiapache导入导出””的相关内容,希望小伙伴们能喜欢,兄弟们快快来了解一下吧!

在web开发中,有一个经典的功能,就是数据的导入导出。特别是数据的导出,在生产管理或者财务系统中用的非常普遍,因为这些系统经常要做一些报表打印的工作。而数据导出的格式一般是EXCEL或者PDF,我这里就分别给大家介绍下。(注意,我们这里说的数据导出可不是数据库中的数据导出!么误会啦^_^)

首先我们来导出EXCEL格式的文件吧。现在主流的操作Excel文件的开源工具有很多,用得比较多的就是Apache的POI及JExcelAPI。这里我们用Apache POI!我们先去Apache的大本营下载POI的jar包: ,我这里使用的是3.0.2版本。

将3个jar包导入到classpath下,什么?忘了怎么导包?不会吧!好,我们来写一个导出Excel的实用类(所谓实用,是指基本不用怎么修改就可以在实际项目中直接使用的!)。我一直强调做类也好,做方法也好,一定要通用性和灵活性强。下面这个类就算基本贯彻了我的这种思想。那么,这时候该要甩出一长串代码了。没错,大伙请看:

import java.util.Date;  public class Student {  private long id;  private String name;  private int age;  private boolean sex;  private Date birthday;   public Student()  {  }   public Student(long id, String name, int age, boolean sex, Date birthday)  {  this.id = id;  this.name = name;  this.age = age;  this.sex = sex;  this.birthday = birthday;  }   public long getId()  {  return id;  }   public void setId(long id)  {  this.id = id;  }   public String getName()  {  return name;  }   public void setName(String name)  {  this.name = name;  }   public int getAge()  {  return age;  }   public void setAge(int age)  {  this.age = age;  }   public boolean getSex()  {  return sex;  }   public void setSex(boolean sex)  {  this.sex = sex;  }   public Date getBirthday()  {  return birthday;  }   public void setBirthday(Date birthday)  {  this.birthday = birthday;  }  }
public class Book {  private int bookId;  private String name;  private String author;  private float price;  private String isbn;  private String pubName;  private byte[] preface;   public Book()  {  }   public Book(int bookId, String name, String author, float price,  String isbn, String pubName, byte[] preface)  {  this.bookId = bookId;  this.name = name;  this.author = author;  this.price = price;  this.isbn = isbn;  this.pubName = pubName;  this.preface = preface;  }   public int getBookId()  {  return bookId;  }   public void setBookId(int bookId)  {  this.bookId = bookId;  }   public String getName()  {  return name;  }   public void setName(String name)  {  this.name = name;  }   public String getAuthor()  {  return author;  }   public void setAuthor(String author)  {  this.author = author;  }   public float getPrice()  {  return price;  }   public void setPrice(float price)  {  this.price = price;  }   public String getIsbn()  {  return isbn;  }   public void setIsbn(String isbn)  {  this.isbn = isbn;  }   public String getPubName()  {  return pubName;  }   public void setPubName(String pubName)  {  this.pubName = pubName;  }   public byte[] getPreface()  {  return preface;  }   public void setPreface(byte[] preface)  {  this.preface = preface;  } }

上面这两个类一目了然,就是两个简单的javabean风格的类。再看下面真正的重点类:

import java.io.BufferedInputStream; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collection; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import java.util.regex.Matcher; import java.util.regex.Pattern;  import javax.swing.JOptionPane;  import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFClientAnchor; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFComment; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPatriarch; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook; import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;  /** * 利用开源组件POI3.0.2动态导出EXCEL文档 转载时请保留以下信息,注明出处! * * @author leno * @version v1.0 * @param <T> * 应用泛型,代表任意一个符合javabean风格的类 * 注意这里为了简单起见,boolean型的属性xxx的get器方式为getXxx(),而不是isXxx() * byte[]表jpg格式的图片数据 */ public class ExportExcel<T> {  public void exportExcel(Collection<T> dataset, OutputStream out)  {  exportExcel("测试POI导出EXCEL文档", null, dataset, out, "yyyy-MM-dd");  }   public void exportExcel(String[] headers, Collection<T> dataset,  OutputStream out)  {  exportExcel("测试POI导出EXCEL文档", headers, dataset, out, "yyyy-MM-dd");  }   public void exportExcel(String[] headers, Collection<T> dataset,  OutputStream out, String pattern)  {  exportExcel("测试POI导出EXCEL文档", headers, dataset, out, pattern);  }   /**  * 这是一个通用的方法,利用了JAVA的反射机制,可以将放置在JAVA集合中并且符号一定条件的数据以EXCEL 的形式输出到指定IO设备上  *  * @param title  * 表格标题名  * @param headers  * 表格属性列名数组  * @param dataset  * 需要显示的数据集合,集合中一定要放置符合javabean风格的类的对象。此方法支持的  * javabean属性的数据类型有基本数据类型及String,Date,byte[](图片数据)  * @param out  * 与输出设备关联的流对象,可以将EXCEL文档导出到本地文件或者网络中  * @param pattern  * 如果有时间数据,设定输出格式。默认为"yyy-MM-dd"  */  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  public void exportExcel(String title, String[] headers,  Collection<T> dataset, OutputStream out, String pattern)  {  // 声明一个工作薄  HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();  // 生成一个表格  HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);  // 设置表格默认列宽度为15个字节  sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth((short) 15);  // 生成一个样式  HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();  // 设置这些样式  style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.SKY_BLUE.index);  style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);  style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);  // 生成一个字体  HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();  font.setColor(HSSFColor.VIOLET.index);  font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);  font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);  // 把字体应用到当前的样式  style.setFont(font);  // 生成并设置另一个样式  HSSFCellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();  style2.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_YELLOW.index);  style2.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);  style2.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  style2.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  style2.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  style2.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);  style2.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);  style2.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);  // 生成另一个字体  HSSFFont font2 = workbook.createFont();  font2.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);  // 把字体应用到当前的样式  style2.setFont(font2);   // 声明一个画图的顶级管理器  HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();  // 定义注释的大小和位置,详见文档  HSSFComment comment = patriarch.createComment(new HSSFClientAnchor(0,  0, 0, 0, (short) 4, 2, (short) 6, 5));  // 设置注释内容  comment.setString(new HSSFRichTextString("可以在POI中添加注释!"));  // 设置注释作者,当鼠标移动到单元格上是可以在状态栏中看到该内容.  comment.setAuthor("leno");   // 产生表格标题行  HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);  for (short i = 0; i < headers.length; i++)  {  HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);  cell.setCellStyle(style);  HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(headers[i]);  cell.setCellValue(text);  }   // 遍历集合数据,产生数据行  Iterator<T> it = dataset.iterator();  int index = 0;  while (it.hasNext())  {  index++;  row = sheet.createRow(index);  T t = (T) it.next();  // 利用反射,根据javabean属性的先后顺序,动态调用getXxx()方法得到属性值  Field[] fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields();  for (short i = 0; i < fields.length; i++)  {  HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);  cell.setCellStyle(style2);  Field field = fields[i];  String fieldName = field.getName();  String getMethodName = "get"  + fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()  + fieldName.substring(1);  try  {  Class tCls = t.getClass();  Method getMethod = tCls.getMethod(getMethodName,  new Class[]  {});  Object value = getMethod.invoke(t, new Object[]  {});  // 判断值的类型后进行强制类型转换  String textValue = null;  // if (value instanceof Integer) {  // int intValue = (Integer) value;  // cell.setCellValue(intValue);  // } else if (value instanceof Float) {  // float fValue = (Float) value;  // textValue = new HSSFRichTextString(  // String.valueOf(fValue));  // cell.setCellValue(textValue);  // } else if (value instanceof Double) {  // double dValue = (Double) value;  // textValue = new HSSFRichTextString(  // String.valueOf(dValue));  // cell.setCellValue(textValue);  // } else if (value instanceof Long) {  // long longValue = (Long) value;  // cell.setCellValue(longValue);  // }  if (value instanceof Boolean)  {  boolean bValue = (Boolean) value;  textValue = "男";  if (!bValue)  {  textValue = "女";  }  }  else if (value instanceof Date)  {  Date date = (Date) value;  SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern);  textValue = sdf.format(date);  }  else if (value instanceof byte[])  {  // 有图片时,设置行高为60px;  row.setHeightInPoints(60);  // 设置图片所在列宽度为80px,注意这里单位的一个换算  sheet.setColumnWidth(i, (short) (35.7 * 80));  // sheet.autoSizeColumn(i);  byte[] bsValue = (byte[]) value;  HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0,  1023, 255, (short) 6, index, (short) 6, index);  anchor.setAnchorType(2);  patriarch.createPicture(anchor, workbook.addPicture(  bsValue, HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));  }  else  {  // 其它数据类型都当作字符串简单处理  textValue = value.toString();  }  // 如果不是图片数据,就利用正则表达式判断textValue是否全部由数字组成  if (textValue != null)  {  Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^//d+(//.//d+)?$");  Matcher matcher = p.matcher(textValue);  if (matcher.matches())  {  // 是数字当作double处理  cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(textValue));  }  else  {  HSSFRichTextString richString = new HSSFRichTextString(  textValue);  HSSFFont font3 = workbook.createFont();  font3.setColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);  richString.applyFont(font3);  cell.setCellValue(richString);  }  }  }  catch (SecurityException e)  {  e.printStackTrace();  }  catch (NoSuchMethodException e)  {  e.printStackTrace();  }  catch (IllegalArgumentException e)  {  e.printStackTrace();  }  catch (IllegalAccessException e)  {  e.printStackTrace();  }  catch (InvocationTargetException e)  {  e.printStackTrace();  }  finally  {  // 清理资源  }  }  }  try  {  workbook.write(out);  }  catch (IOException e)  {  e.printStackTrace();  }  }   public static void main(String[] args)  {  // 测试学生  ExportExcel<Student> ex = new ExportExcel<Student>();  String[] headers =  { "学号", "姓名", "年龄", "性别", "出生日期" };  List<Student> dataset = new ArrayList<Student>();  dataset.add(new Student(10000001, "张三", 20, true, new Date()));  dataset.add(new Student(20000002, "李四", 24, false, new Date()));  dataset.add(new Student(30000003, "王五", 22, true, new Date()));  // 测试图书  ExportExcel<Book> ex2 = new ExportExcel<Book>();  String[] headers2 =  { "图书编号", "图书名称", "图书作者", "图书价格", "图书ISBN", "图书出版社", "封面图片" };  List<Book> dataset2 = new ArrayList<Book>();  try  {  BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(  new FileInputStream("V://book.bmp"));  byte[] buf = new byte[bis.available()];  while ((bis.read(buf)) != -1)  {  //  }  dataset2.add(new Book(1, "jsp", "leno", 300.33f, "1234567",  "清华出版社", buf));  dataset2.add(new Book(2, "java编程思想", "brucl", 300.33f, "1234567",  "阳光出版社", buf));  dataset2.add(new Book(3, "DOM艺术", "lenotang", 300.33f, "1234567",  "清华出版社", buf));  dataset2.add(new Book(4, "c++经典", "leno", 400.33f, "1234567",  "清华出版社", buf));  dataset2.add(new Book(5, "c#入门", "leno", 300.33f, "1234567",  "汤春秀出版社", buf));   OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("E://a.xls");  OutputStream out2 = new FileOutputStream("E://b.xls");  ex.exportExcel(headers, dataset, out);  ex2.exportExcel(headers2, dataset2, out2);  out.close();  out2.close();  JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "导出成功!");  System.out.println("excel导出成功!");  } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {  e.printStackTrace();  } catch (IOException e) {  e.printStackTrace();  }  } }

写完之后,如果你不是用eclipse工具生成的Servlet,千万别忘了在web.xml上注册这个Servelt。而且同样的,拷贝一张小巧的图书图片命名为book.jpg放置到当前WEB根目录的/WEB-INF/下。部署好web工程,用浏览器访问Servlet看下效果吧!是不是下载成功了。你可以将下载到本地的excel报表用打印机打印出来,这样就大功告成了。完事了我们就思考:我们发现,我们做的方法,不管是本地调用,还是在WEB服务器端用Servlet调用;不管是输出学生列表,还是图书列表信息,代码都几乎一样,而且这些数据我们很容器结合后台的DAO操作数据库动态获取。恩,类和方法的通用性和灵活性开始有点感觉了。

Java导出Excel弹出下载框

将ExportExcel类的main方法改成public void test(),OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("E://a.xls");这边可以对应Servlet适当改下路径,Servlet代码如下:

public class ExcelServlet extends HttpServlet {  public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)  throws ServletException, IOException {  (new ExportExcel()).test();  String str = "a.xls";  //String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath(str);  download("E://a.xls", response);  }  private void download(String path, HttpServletResponse response) {  try {  // path是指欲下载的文件的路径。  File file = new File(path);  // 取得文件名。  String filename = file.getName();  // 以流的形式下载文件。  InputStream fis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(path));  byte[] buffer = new byte[fis.available()];  fis.read(buffer);  fis.close();  // 清空response  response.reset();  // 设置response的Header  response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="  + new String(filename.getBytes()));  response.addHeader("Content-Length", "" + file.length());  OutputStream toClient = new BufferedOutputStream(  response.getOutputStream());  response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=gb2312");  toClient.write(buffer);  toClient.flush();  toClient.close();  } catch (IOException ex) {  ex.printStackTrace();  }  } }

标签: #poiapache导入导出