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【小高分享（23）C语言中的语句】

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【Xiao Gao shares (23) Statements in C language】

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C语言的核心是其丰富的语句集，这些语句构成了程序的基本构建块。在这篇推文中，我们将探讨C语言中各种语句的分类和介绍。

The heart of the C language is its rich set of statements that form the basic building blocks of programs. In this tweet, we will explore the classification and introduction of various statements in C language.

1、表达式语句

1. Expression statement

表达式语句是C语言中最基本的语句类型。它由一个表达式和一个分号组成。例如，a = b + c; 是一个表达式语句，它将变量b和c的和赋值给变量a。表达式语句用于执行计算、赋值和其他操作。

Expression statement is the most basic statement type in C language. It consists of an expression and a semicolon. For example, a = b + c; Is an expression statement that assigns the sum of variables b and c to variable a. Expression statements are used to perform calculations, assignments, and other operations.

2、声明语句

2. Statement statement

声明语句用于声明变量、函数和数组等。它们告诉编译器创建和分配内存空间。例如，int a; 声明了一个整型变量a。声明语句是C语言中不可或缺的部分，因为它们为程序提供了操作的数据和功能。

Declaration statements are used to declare variables, functions, arrays, and so on. They tell the compiler to create and allocate memory space. For example, int a; Declares an integer variable a. Declaration statements are an integral part of the C language because they provide the data and functionality for the program to operate.

3、控制流语句

3. Control flow statement

控制流语句用于控制程序的执行流程。它们包括条件语句和循环语句。

Control flow statements are used to control the execution flow of a program. They include conditional statements and loop statements.

①条件语句

①conditional statement

条件语句根据条件的真假来执行不同的代码块。C语言中有几种条件语句，如if语句、if-else语句和switch语句。例如，if (a > b) { printf("a is greater than b"); } 是一个简单的if语句，它检查a是否大于b，如果是，则打印一条消息。

Conditional statements execute different blocks of code depending on whether the condition is true or false. There are several conditional statements in C, such as if statements, if-else statements, and switch statements. For example if (a > b) {printf("a is greater than b"); } is a simple if statement that checks if A is greater than b and prints a message if it is.

②循环语句

②loop statement

循环语句用于重复执行代码块。C语言提供了几种循环语句，包括for循环、while循环和do-while循环。例如，for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { printf("%d", i); } 是一个for循环，它从0打印到9。

A loop statement is used to repeatedly execute a block of code. The C language provides several loop statements, including the for loop, while loop, and do-while loop. for example, for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { printf("%d", i); } is a for loop that prints from 0 to 9.

4、跳转语句

4. Jump statement

跳转语句用于改变程序的执行流程。它们包括break语句、continue语句和goto语句。

Jump statements are used to change the execution flow of a program. They include break statements, continue statements, and goto statements.

①break语句

①break statement

break语句用于立即退出当前循环或switch语句。例如，for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { if (i == 5) { break; } printf("%d", i); } 在i等于5时退出循环。

The break statement is used to exit the current loop immediately or the switch statement. for example, for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { if (i == 5) { break; } printf("%d", i); } Exits the loop when i equals 5.

②continue语句

②continue statement

continue语句用于跳过当前循环的剩余部分，并开始下一次迭代。例如，for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { if (i == 5) { continue; } printf("%d", i); } 在i等于5时不打印5，而是继续下一次循环。

The continue statement is used to skip the remainder of the current loop and begin the next iteration. for example, for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { if (i == 5) { continue; } printf("%d", i); } Do not print 5 when i is equal to 5, but continue the next loop.

③goto语句

③goto statement

goto语句用于无条件跳转到程序中的标签。尽管goto语句在某些情况下可能有用，但通常不推荐使用，因为它可能导致程序流程混乱。

goto statements are used to jump unconditionally to labels in a program. Although the goto statement can be useful in some situations, it is generally not recommended because it can cause confusion in the program flow.

5、函数调用语句

5. Function call statement

函数调用语句用于调用函数并执行其代码。例如，printf("Hello, World!"); 是一个函数调用语句，它调用printf函数打印一条消息。

Function call statements are used to call a function and execute its code. For example, printf("Hello, World!") ); Is a function call statement that calls the printf function to print a message.

6、复合语句

6. Compound statements

复合语句是由多个语句组成的语句块，用花括号括起来。例如，if (a > b) { printf("a is greater than b"); int c = a - b; } 是一个包含两个语句的复合语句。

A compound statement is a statement block made up of multiple statements, enclosed in curly braces. For example if (a > b) {printf("a is greater than b"); int c = a - b; } is a compound statement containing two statements.

7、空语句

7. Empty statement

空语句是一个单独的分号，它不执行任何操作。例如，for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++); 是一个空的for循环体。

An empty statement is a separate semicolon that does not perform any operations. for example, for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++); is an empty for loop body.

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部分内容参考于bilibili，百度

翻译来源：通义千问