Spring boot 集成netty实现websocket通信

I 老虎U 10-22 306

前言：

现在你们对“springboot netty socket”都比较注意，小伙伴们都需要剖析一些“springboot netty socket”的相关内容。那么小编在网上收集了一些有关“springboot netty socket””的相关资讯，希望你们能喜欢，同学们一起来学习一下吧！

一、netty介绍

Netty 是一个基于NIO的客户、服务器端的编程框架，使用Netty 可以确保你快速和简单的开发出一个网络应用，例如实现了某种协议的客户、服务端应用。Netty相当于简化和流线化了网络应用的编程开发过程，例如：基于TCP和UDP的socket服务开发。快速”和“简单”并不用产生维护性或性能上的问题。Netty 是一个吸收了多种协议（包括FTP、SMTP、HTTP等各种二进制文本协议）的实现经验，并经过相当精心设计的项目。最终，Netty 成功的找到了一种方式，在保证易于开发的同时还保证了其应用的性能，稳定性和伸缩性

二、工程搭建

实验目标：实现推送消息给指定的用户

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns=";         xmlns:xsi=";         xsi:schemaLocation=" ;>    <parent>        <artifactId>springboot-demo</artifactId>        <groupId>com.et</groupId>        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>    </parent>    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <artifactId>netty</artifactId>    <properties>        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>    </properties>    <dependencies>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>io.netty</groupId>            <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>            <version>4.1.87.Final</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>            <version>5.6.1</version>        </dependency>    </dependencies></project>

属性文件

server:  port: 8088

netty server

package com.et.netty.server;import com.et.netty.config.ProjectInitializer;import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;import java.net.InetSocketAddress;/** * @author dongliang7 * @projectName websocket-parent * @ClassName NettyServer.java * @description: TODO * @createTime 2023年02月06日 16:41:00 */@Componentpublic class NettyServer {    static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(NettyServer.class);    /**     * 端口号     */    @Value("${webSocket.netty.port:8889}")    int port;    EventLoopGroup bossGroup;    EventLoopGroup workGroup;    @Autowired    ProjectInitializer nettyInitializer;    @PostConstruct    public void start() throws InterruptedException {        new Thread(() -> {            bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();            workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();            ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();            // bossGroup辅助客户端的tcp连接请求, workGroup负责与客户端之前的读写操作            bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workGroup);            // 设置NIO类型的channel            bootstrap.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class);            // 设置监听端口            bootstrap.localAddress(new InetSocketAddress(port));            // 设置管道            bootstrap.childHandler(nettyInitializer);            // 配置完成，开始绑定server，通过调用sync同步方法阻塞直到绑定成功            ChannelFuture channelFuture = null;            try {                channelFuture = bootstrap.bind().sync();                log.info("Server started and listen on:{}", channelFuture.channel().localAddress());                // 对关闭通道进行监听                channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();            } catch (InterruptedException e) {                e.printStackTrace();            }        }).start();    }    /**     * 释放资源     */    @PreDestroy    public void destroy() throws InterruptedException {        if (bossGroup != null) {            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync();        }        if (workGroup != null) {            workGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync();        }    }}

ProjectInitializer

初始化，设置websocket handler

package com.et.netty.config;import com.et.netty.handler.WebSocketHandler;import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerProtocolHandler;import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ObjectEncoder;import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;/** * @author dongliang7 * @projectName websocket-parent * @ClassName ProjectInitializer.java * @description: 管道配置 * @createTime 2023年02月06日 16:43:00 */@Componentpublic class ProjectInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {    /**     * webSocket协议名     */    static final String WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL = "WebSocket";    /**     * webSocket路径     */    @Value("${webSocket.netty.path:/webSocket}")    String webSocketPath;    @Autowired    WebSocketHandler webSocketHandler;    @Override    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {        // 设置管道        ChannelPipeline pipeline = socketChannel.pipeline();        // 流水线管理通道中的处理程序（Handler），用来处理业务        // webSocket协议本身是基于http协议的，所以这边也要使用http编解码器        pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());        pipeline.addLast(new ObjectEncoder());        // 以块的方式来写的处理器        pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());        pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(8192));        pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler(webSocketPath, WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL, true, 65536 * 10));        // 自定义的handler，处理业务逻辑        pipeline.addLast(webSocketHandler);    }}

WebSocketHandler

package com.et.netty.handler;import cn.hutool.json.JSONObject;import cn.hutool.json.JSONUtil;import com.et.netty.config.NettyConfig;import com.et.netty.server.NettyServer;import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler;import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;import io.netty.util.AttributeKey;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;/** * @author dongliang7 * @projectName websocket-parent * @ClassName WebSocketHandler.java * @description: TODO * @createTime 2023年02月06日 16:44:00 */@Component@ChannelHandler.Sharablepublic class WebSocketHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame> {    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(NettyServer.class);    /**     * 一旦连接，第一个被执行     */    @Override    public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {        log.info("有新的客户端链接：[{}]", ctx.channel().id().asLongText());        // 添加到channelGroup 通道组        NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().add(ctx.channel());    }    /**     * 读取数据     */    @Override    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, TextWebSocketFrame msg) throws Exception {        log.info("服务器收到消息：{}", msg.text());        // 获取用户ID,关联channel        JSONObject jsonObject = JSONUtil.parseObj(msg.text());        String uid = jsonObject.getStr("uid");        NettyConfig.getChannelMap().put(uid, ctx.channel());        // 将用户ID作为自定义属性加入到channel中，方便随时channel中获取用户ID        AttributeKey<String> key = AttributeKey.valueOf("userId");        ctx.channel().attr(key).setIfAbsent(uid);        // 回复消息        ctx.channel().writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("服务器收到消息啦"));    }    @Override    public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {        log.info("用户下线了:{}", ctx.channel().id().asLongText());        // 删除通道        NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().remove(ctx.channel());        removeUserId(ctx);    }    @Override    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {        log.info("异常：{}", cause.getMessage());        // 删除通道        NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().remove(ctx.channel());        removeUserId(ctx);        ctx.close();    }    /**     * 删除用户与channel的对应关系     */    private void removeUserId(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {        AttributeKey<String> key = AttributeKey.valueOf("userId");        String userId = ctx.channel().attr(key).get();        NettyConfig.getChannelMap().remove(userId);    }}

NettyConfig

package com.et.netty.config;import io.netty.channel.Channel;import io.netty.channel.group.ChannelGroup;import io.netty.channel.group.DefaultChannelGroup;import io.netty.util.concurrent.GlobalEventExecutor;import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;/** * @author dongliang7 * @projectName websocket-parent * @ClassName NettyConfig.java * @description: 管理全局Channel以及用户对应的channel（推送消息） * @createTime 2023年02月06日 16:43:00 */public class NettyConfig {    /**     * 定义全局单利channel组 管理所有channel     */    private static volatile ChannelGroup channelGroup = null;    /**     * 存放请求ID与channel的对应关系     */    private static volatile ConcurrentHashMap<String, Channel> channelMap = null;    /**     * 定义两把锁     */    private static final Object lock1 = new Object();    private static final Object lock2 = new Object();    public static ChannelGroup getChannelGroup() {        if (null == channelGroup) {            synchronized (lock1) {                if (null == channelGroup) {                    channelGroup = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);                }            }        }        return channelGroup;    }    public static ConcurrentHashMap<String, Channel> getChannelMap() {        if (null == channelMap) {            synchronized (lock2) {                if (null == channelMap) {                    channelMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();                }            }        }        return channelMap;    }    public static Channel getChannel(String userId) {        if (null == channelMap) {            return getChannelMap().get(userId);        }        return channelMap.get(userId);    }}

controller

package com.et.netty.controller;import com.et.netty.service.PushMsgService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;/** * @author dongliang7 * @projectName * @ClassName TestController.java * @description: TODO * @createTime 2023年02月06日 17:48:00 */@RestController@RequestMapping("/push")public class TestController {    @Autowired    PushMsgService pushMsgService;    /**     * 推送消息到具体客户端     * @param uid     */    @GetMapping("/{uid}")    public void pushOne(@PathVariable String uid) {        pushMsgService.pushMsgToOne(uid, "hello-------------------------");    }    /**     * 推送消息到所有客户端     */    @GetMapping("/pushAll")    public void pushAll() {        pushMsgService.pushMsgToAll("hello all-------------------------");    }}

PushMsgService

package com.et.netty.service;/** * @author dongliang7 * @projectName websocket-parent * @ClassName PushMsgService.java * @description: 推送消息接口 * @createTime 2023年02月06日 16:44:00 */public interface PushMsgService {    /**     * 推送给指定用户     */    void pushMsgToOne(String userId, String msg);    /**     * 推送给所有用户     */    void pushMsgToAll(String msg);}

PushMsgServiceImpl

package com.et.netty.service;import com.et.netty.config.NettyConfig;import io.netty.channel.Channel;import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.Objects;/** * @author dongliang7 * @projectName websocket-parent * @ClassName PushMsgServiceImpl.java * @description: 推送消息实现类 * @createTime 2023年02月06日 16:45:00 */@Servicepublic class PushMsgServiceImpl implements PushMsgService {    @Override    public void pushMsgToOne(String userId, String msg) {        Channel channel = NettyConfig.getChannel(userId);        if (Objects.isNull(channel)) {            throw new RuntimeException("未连接socket服务器");        }        channel.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame(msg));    }    @Override    public void pushMsgToAll(String msg) {        NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame(msg));    }}

文章值贴出部分关键代码，具体的详情代码参加代码仓库的netty模块

代码仓库

三、测试

启动springboot工程

2024-03-08 11:21:32.975  INFO 10348 --- [       Thread-2] com.et.netty.server.NettyServer          : Server started and listen on:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:8889

postman创建websocket连接 ws://127.0.0.1:8889/webSocket，并发送消息{'uid':'sss'}给服务端

打开浏览器，给用户sss推送消息

四、引用

本文地址：http://www.longkongtuishu.com/ca84cA2sCDFIFAFI.html

标签： #springboot netty socket #springboot netty websocket