前言:
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定义数据库模型(Model),使用Django ORM来访问数据库。
实现视图(View),定义函数来处理用户请求并返回响应。
使用Django模板系统(Template)来渲染HTML页面,将数据传递给模板以显示在网页上。
实现各种表格的关联、聚合、字段提取、统计等功能,可以使用Django的QuerySet API和聚合函数来完成。
实现多个表格的数据分析、比对,可以使用Django的视图函数和模板系统来呈现数据。
以下是一个简单的示例代码来实现这些功能:
安装Django框架
您可以使用pip来安装Django:
pip install Django
创建一个新的项目和应用程序
使用以下命令创建一个新的Django项目:
django-admin startproject myproject
使用以下命令创建一个新的Django应用程序:
python manage.py startapp myapp
定义数据库模型
在myapp/models.py文件中定义数据库模型:
from django.db import models
class Author(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
email = models.EmailField()
class Book(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
author = models.ForeignKey(Author, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
published_date = models.DateField()
price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
实现视图
在myapp/views.py文件中定义视图:
from django.shortcuts import render
from myapp.models import Book, Author
from django.db.models import Sum, Avg, Count, Max, Min
def book_list(request):
books = Book.objects.all()
context = {
'books': books
}
return render(request, 'book_list.html', context)
def author_list(request):
authors = Author.objects.all()
context = {
'authors': authors
}
return render(request, 'author_list.html', context)
def book_stats(request):
book_count = Book.objects.count()
total_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Sum('price'))
avg_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Avg('price'))
max_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Max('price'))
min_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Min('price'))
context = {
'book_count': book_count,
'total_price': total_price,
'avg_price': avg_price,
'max_price': max_price,
'min_price': min_price
}
return render(request, 'book_stats.html', context)
使用模板系统渲染HTML页面
在myapp/templates目录下创建以下HTML模板文件:
book_list.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Book List</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Book List</h1>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Title</th>
<th>Author</th>
<th>Published Date</th>
<th>Price</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for book in books %}
<tr>
<td>{{ book.title }}</td>
<td>{{ book.author.name }}</td>
<td>{{ book.published_date }}</td>
<td>{{ book.price }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
author_list.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Author List</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Author List</h1>
<ul>
{% for author in authors %}
<li>{{ author.name }} ({{ author.email }})</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
</body>
</html>
book_stats.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Book Stats</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Book Stats</h1>
<p>Number of books: {{ book_count }}</p>
<p>Total price: {{ total_price }}</p>
<p>Average price: {{ avg_price }}</p>
<p>Max price: {{ max_price }}</p>
<p>Min price: {{ min_price }}</p>
</body>
</html>
实现各种表格的关联、聚合、字段提取、统计等功能
在视图函数中使用Django的QuerySet API和聚合函数来完成:
def book_list(request):
books = Book.objects.all()
context = {
'books': books
}
return render(request, 'book_list.html', context)
def book_detail(request, book_id):
book = Book.objects.get(id=book_id)
context = {
'book': book
}
return render(request, 'book_detail.html', context)
def author_list(request):
authors = Author.objects.all()
context = {
'authors': authors
}
return render(request, 'author_list.html', context)
def author_detail(request, author_id):
author = Author.objects.get(id=author_id)
books = Book.objects.filter(author=author)
total_price = books.aggregate(Sum('price'))
context = {
'author': author,
'books': books,
'total_price': total_price
}
return render(request, 'author_detail.html', context)
def book_stats(request):
book_count = Book.objects.count()
total_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Sum('price'))
avg_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Avg('price'))
max_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Max('price'))
min_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Min('price'))
context = {
'book_count': book_count,
'total_price': total_price,
'avg_price': avg_price,
'max_price': max_price,
'min_price': min_price
}
return render(request, 'book_stats.html', context)
实现多个表格的数据分析、比对
在视图函数中使用Django的视图函数和模板系统来呈现数据:
def book_comparison(request, book_id1, book_id2):
book1 = Book.objects.get(id=book_id1)
book2 = Book.objects.get(id=book_id2)
context = {
'book1': book1,
'book2': book2
}
return render(request, 'book_comparison.html', context)
def author_comparison(request, author_id1, author_id2):
author1 = Author.objects.get(id=author_id1)
author2 = Author.objects.get(id=author_id2)
books1 = Book.objects.filter(author=author1)
books2 = Book.objects.filter(author=author2)
total_price1 = books1.aggregate(Sum('price'))
total_price2 = books2.aggregate(Sum('price'))
context = {
'author1': author1,
'author2': author2,
'books1': books1,
'books2': books2,
'total_price1': total_price1,
'total_price2': total_price2
}
return render(request, 'author_comparison.html', context)
标签: #python文件关联