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Django框架中,表格之间的关联、聚合--供参考

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安装Django框架,并创建一个新的项目和应用程序。

定义数据库模型(Model),使用Django ORM来访问数据库。

实现视图(View),定义函数来处理用户请求并返回响应。

使用Django模板系统(Template)来渲染HTML页面,将数据传递给模板以显示在网页上。

实现各种表格的关联、聚合、字段提取、统计等功能,可以使用Django的QuerySet API和聚合函数来完成。

实现多个表格的数据分析、比对,可以使用Django的视图函数和模板系统来呈现数据。

以下是一个简单的示例代码来实现这些功能:

安装Django框架

您可以使用pip来安装Django:

pip install Django

创建一个新的项目和应用程序

使用以下命令创建一个新的Django项目:

django-admin startproject myproject

使用以下命令创建一个新的Django应用程序:

python manage.py startapp myapp

定义数据库模型

在myapp/models.py文件中定义数据库模型:

from django.db import models

class Author(models.Model):

name = models.CharField(max_length=100)

email = models.EmailField()

class Book(models.Model):

title = models.CharField(max_length=200)

author = models.ForeignKey(Author, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

published_date = models.DateField()

price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)

实现视图

在myapp/views.py文件中定义视图:

from django.shortcuts import render

from myapp.models import Book, Author

from django.db.models import Sum, Avg, Count, Max, Min

def book_list(request):

books = Book.objects.all()

context = {

'books': books

}

return render(request, 'book_list.html', context)

def author_list(request):

authors = Author.objects.all()

context = {

'authors': authors

}

return render(request, 'author_list.html', context)

def book_stats(request):

book_count = Book.objects.count()

total_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Sum('price'))

avg_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Avg('price'))

max_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Max('price'))

min_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Min('price'))

context = {

'book_count': book_count,

'total_price': total_price,

'avg_price': avg_price,

'max_price': max_price,

'min_price': min_price

}

return render(request, 'book_stats.html', context)

使用模板系统渲染HTML页面

在myapp/templates目录下创建以下HTML模板文件:

book_list.html:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Book List</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Book List</h1>

<table>

<thead>

<tr>

<th>Title</th>

<th>Author</th>

<th>Published Date</th>

<th>Price</th>

</tr>

</thead>

<tbody>

{% for book in books %}

<tr>

<td>{{ book.title }}</td>

<td>{{ book.author.name }}</td>

<td>{{ book.published_date }}</td>

<td>{{ book.price }}</td>

</tr>

{% endfor %}

</tbody>

</table>

</body>

</html>

author_list.html:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Author List</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Author List</h1>

<ul>

{% for author in authors %}

<li>{{ author.name }} ({{ author.email }})</li>

{% endfor %}

</ul>

</body>

</html>

book_stats.html:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Book Stats</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Book Stats</h1>

<p>Number of books: {{ book_count }}</p>

<p>Total price: {{ total_price }}</p>

<p>Average price: {{ avg_price }}</p>

<p>Max price: {{ max_price }}</p>

<p>Min price: {{ min_price }}</p>

</body>

</html>

实现各种表格的关联、聚合、字段提取、统计等功能

在视图函数中使用Django的QuerySet API和聚合函数来完成:

def book_list(request):

books = Book.objects.all()

context = {

'books': books

}

return render(request, 'book_list.html', context)

def book_detail(request, book_id):

book = Book.objects.get(id=book_id)

context = {

'book': book

}

return render(request, 'book_detail.html', context)

def author_list(request):

authors = Author.objects.all()

context = {

'authors': authors

}

return render(request, 'author_list.html', context)

def author_detail(request, author_id):

author = Author.objects.get(id=author_id)

books = Book.objects.filter(author=author)

total_price = books.aggregate(Sum('price'))

context = {

'author': author,

'books': books,

'total_price': total_price

}

return render(request, 'author_detail.html', context)

def book_stats(request):

book_count = Book.objects.count()

total_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Sum('price'))

avg_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Avg('price'))

max_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Max('price'))

min_price = Book.objects.aggregate(Min('price'))

context = {

'book_count': book_count,

'total_price': total_price,

'avg_price': avg_price,

'max_price': max_price,

'min_price': min_price

}

return render(request, 'book_stats.html', context)

实现多个表格的数据分析、比对

在视图函数中使用Django的视图函数和模板系统来呈现数据:

def book_comparison(request, book_id1, book_id2):

book1 = Book.objects.get(id=book_id1)

book2 = Book.objects.get(id=book_id2)

context = {

'book1': book1,

'book2': book2

}

return render(request, 'book_comparison.html', context)

def author_comparison(request, author_id1, author_id2):

author1 = Author.objects.get(id=author_id1)

author2 = Author.objects.get(id=author_id2)

books1 = Book.objects.filter(author=author1)

books2 = Book.objects.filter(author=author2)

total_price1 = books1.aggregate(Sum('price'))

total_price2 = books2.aggregate(Sum('price'))

context = {

'author1': author1,

'author2': author2,

'books1': books1,

'books2': books2,

'total_price1': total_price1,

'total_price2': total_price2

}

return render(request, 'author_comparison.html', context)

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