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2013年最新英语四级考试真题与答案（新）

　　Part One Listening Comprehension

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said - Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C)and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a line through the centre.

本次多题多卷，这是其中一卷，需要全部卷的，可加扣扣：290-61748 懂的 可加。

　　Example: You will hear:

　　You will read:

　　A) At the office.

　　B) In the waiting room.

　　C) At the airport.

　　D) In a restaurant.

　　From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) At the office is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.

　　1. A) She is not interested in the article.

　　B) She has given the man much trouble.

　　C) She would like to have a copy of the article.

　　D) She doesn't want to take the trouble to read the article.

　　2. A) He saw the big tower he visited on TV~

　　B) He has visited the TV tower twice.

　　C) He has visited the TV tower once.

　　D) He will visit the TV tower in June.

　　3. A) The woman has trouble getting along with the professor.

　　B) The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor's time.

　　C) The woman knows the professor has been busy.

　　D) The woman knows the professor has run into trouble.

　　4. A) He doesn't enjoy business trips as much as he used to.

　　B) He doesn't think he is capable of doing the job.

　　C) He thinks the pay is too low to support his family,

　　D) He wants to spend more time with his family.

　　5. A) The man thought the essay was easy.

　　B) They both had a hard time writing the essay.

　　C) The woman thought the essay was easy.

　　D) Neither of them has finished the assignment yet.

　　6. A) In the park. B) Between two buildings

　　C) In his apartment. D) Under a huge tree.

　　7. A) It's awfully dull. B) It's really exciting.

　　C) it's very exhausting. D) It's quite challenging.

　　8. A) movie. B) A lecture. C) A play. D) A speech.

　　9. A) The weather is mild compared to the past years.

　　B) They are having the coldest winter ever.

　　C) The weather will soon get warmer.

　　D) The weather may get even colder.

　　10. A) The mystery story.

　　B) The hiring of a shop assistant.

　　C) The search for a reliable witness.

　　D) An unsolved case of robbery.

　　Section B

　　Passage One

　　Questions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　11. A) They want to change the way English is taught.

　　B) They learn English to find well-paid jobs.

　　C) They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English.

　　D) They know clearly what they want to learn.

　　12. A) Professionals. B) College students.

　　C) Beginners D) Intermediate earners.

　　13. A) Courses for doctors. B) Courses for businessmen.

　　C) Courses for reporters. D) Courses for lawyers.

　　14. A) Three groups of learners. B) The importance of business English.

　　C) English for Specific Purposes. D) Features of English for different papacies.

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　15. A) To show off their wealth.

　　B) To feel good.

　　C) To regain their memory.

　　D) To be different from others.

　　16. A) To help solve their psychological problems.

　　B) To play games with them.

　　C) To send sham to the hospital.

　　D) To make them aware of its harmfulness.

　　17. A) They need care and affection.

　　B) They are fond of round-the-world trips.

　　C) They are mostly from broken families.

　　D) They are likely to commit crimes.

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　18. A) Because it was too heavy.

　　B) Because it did not bend easily.

　　C) Because it did not shoot far.

　　D) Because its string was short.

　　19. A) It went out of use 300 years ago

　　B) h was invented alter the short how.

　　C) It was discovered before fire and the wheel.

　　D) It's still in use today.

　　20. A) They are accurate and easy to pull.

　　B) Their shooting range is 40 yards.

　　C) They are usually used indoors.

　　D) They took 100 years to develop.

　　Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)

　　Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

　　Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human “guinea pig” is tested using a regular tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. Twisted joints and stretched muscles can not perform as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.

　　One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph （肌动记器）, makes visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle.

　　Another machine measures any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon which to base a new design. One conclusion of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more stable and safer to use than one with four legs.

　　This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond that. Dr. Tichauer’s first thought is for the health of the tool user. With the repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light manual work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety hazard.

　　Efficiency is the by-product of comfort, Dr. Tichauer believes, and his new designs for traditional tools have proved his point.

　　21. What are involved in the design of a new tool according to the passage?

　　A) Electronic instruments and a regular tool.

　　B) A human “guinea pig” and a regular tool.

　　C) Electronic instruments and a human “guinea pig”.

　　D) Electronic instruments, a human “guinea pig” and a regular tool.

　　22. From the passage we know that joints and muscles perform best when __________________.

　　A) they are twisted and stretched

　　B) they are in their normal positions

　　C) they are tested with a human “guinea pig”

　　D) they are tested with electronic instruments

　　23. A “myograph” (Para. 2, Line 1) is an electronic instrument that ________________.

　　A) is able to design new tools

　　B) measures the amount of energy used

　　C) enable people to see the muscular movements

　　D) visualizes electrical signals

　　24. It can be inferred from the passage that ________________.

　　A) a stepladder used to have four legs.

　　B) it is dangerous to use tools

　　C) a tripod is safer in a tool design

　　D) workers are safer on production lines

　　25. Dr. Tichauer started his experiments initially to _________________.

　　A) improve efficiency

　　B) increase production

　　C) reduce work load

　　D) improve comfort

　　Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:

　　More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap big reward. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.

　　It’s easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers.

　　Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it’s disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck.

　　Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met.

　　Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled (诈骗) the most confidential （保密）records right under the noses of the company’s executives, accountants, and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.

　　26. It can be concluded from the passage that _______________.

　　A) it is still impossible to detect computer crimes today

　　B) people commit computer crimes at the request of their company

　　C) computer criminals escape punishment because they can’t be detected

　　D) computer crimes are the most serious problem in the operation of financial institutions

　　27. It is implied in the third paragraph that _________________.

　　A) most computer criminals who are caught blame their bad luck

　　B) the rapid increase of computer crimes is a troublesome problem

　　C) most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their crimes

　　D) many more computer crimes go undetected that are discovered

　　28. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage?

　　A) A strict law against computer crimes must be enforced

　　B) Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes to protect their reputation

　　C) Companies will guard against computer crimes to protect their reputation

　　D) Companies need to impose restrictions on confidential information

　　29. What may happen to computer criminals once they are caught?

　　A) With a bad reputation they can hardly find another job.

　　B) They may walk away and easily find another job.

　　C) They will be denied access to confidential records

　　D) They must leave the country to go to jail.

　　30. The passage is mainly about _________________.

　　A) why computer criminals are often able to escape punishment

　　B) why computer crimes are difficult to detect by systematic inspections

　　C) how computer criminals mange to get good recommendations from their former employers

　　D) why computer crimes can’t be eliminated

　　Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

　　In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and indecision makes for equality and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of the sexes”.

　　If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less important – and that has happened in some cases – we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.

　　It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism” – but we don’t want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit – nor the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyse man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.

　　The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.

　　Excessive authoritarianism（命令主义）has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent （相关的，切题的） not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.

　　31. The ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is _________________.

　　A) fundamental to a sound democracy

　　B) not pertinent to healthy family life

　　C) responsible for Momism

　　D) what we have almost given up

　　32. The danger in the sharing of household tasks by the mother and the father is that ___________.

　　A) the role of the father may become an inferior one’

　　B) the role of the mother may become an inferior one

　　C) C) the children will grow up believing that life is a battle of sexes

　　D) sharing leads to constant arguing

　　33. The author states that bringing up children ________________.

　　A) is mainly the mother’s job

　　B) belongs among the duties of the father

　　C) is the job of schools and churches

　　D) involves a partnership of equals

　　34. According to the author, the father’s role in the home is ____________________.

　　A) minor because he is an ineffectual parent

　　B) irrelevant to the healthy development of the child

　　C) pertinent to the healthy development of the child

　　D) identical to the role of the child’s mother

　　35. With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?

　　A) A healthy, co-operative family is a basic ingredient of a healthy society.

　　B) Men are basically opposed to sharing household chores.

　　C) Division of household responsibilities is workable only in theory.

　　D) A woman’s place in the home – now as always.

　　Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

　　Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The staying power of the “look-say” or “whole-word” method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively.

　　The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self-directed, “learning how to learn” activities recommended by advocates （倡导者）of “open” classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run-Spot-Run” readers.

　　However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate” in beginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Can’t Read, Flesch indicted（控诉）the nation’s public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said – and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed – that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics（语音学）, is far superior.

　　Systematic phonics first teachers children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.

　　36. The author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is _____________.

　　A) only logical and natural B) the expected position

　　C) probably a mistake D) merely effective instruction

　　37. The author indicts the look-say reading approach because _________________.

　　A) it overlooks decoding B) Rudolf Flesch agrees with him

　　C) he says it is boring D) many schools continue to use this method

　　38. One major difference between the look-say method of learning reading and the phonics method is _______________.

　　A) look-say is simpler B) Phonics takes longer to learn

　　C) look-say is easier to teach D) phonics gives readers access to far more words

　　39. The phrase “touch-off” (Para 3, Line 1) most probably means _____________.

　　A) talk about shortly B) start or cause

　　C) compare with D) oppose

　　40. According to the author, which of the following statements is true?

　　A) Phonics approach regards whole-word method as unimportant.

　　B) The whole-word approach emphasizes decoding.

　　C) In phonics approach, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding.

　　D) Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vast majority of most common words can be learned.

　　Part Three Vocabulary and Structure

　　Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

　　41. Word had come from the manager ____________ a new transaction would be concluded.

　　A) who

　　B) that

　　C) which

　　D) when

　　42. There was a traffic jam, but she ____________ get to the destination in time.

　　A) could

　　B) might

　　C) ought to

　　D) was able to

　　43. "Do you think ____________ I should attend the lecture?" she asked me.

　　A) that

　　B) whether

　　C) if

　　D) when

　　44. Their room was on the third floor, its window ____________ the sports ground.

　　A) overlooks

　　B) overlooking

　　C) overlooked

　　D) to overlook

　　45. On no account ____________ to anyone who works in the company.

　　A) my name must be mentioned

　　B) my name must mention

　　C) must my name be mentioned

　　D) must my name mention

　　46. Jim knows little of mathematics, ____________ of chemistry.

　　A) and still less

　　B) as well as

　　C) no less than

　　D) and still more

　　47. The man denied ____________ any thing at the supermarket when he was questioned by the police.

　　A) to have stolen

　　B) to steal

　　C) having stolen

　　D) having been stealing

　　48. Did he tell you what ____________ if he had a chance?

　　A) was he going to do

　　B) he would do

　　C) be had done

　　D) had to do

　　49. The results were to ____________ yesterday, but we have heard nothing.

　　A) reveal

　　B) have revealed

　　C) be revealed

　　D) have been revealed

　　50. Calculations, which are astronomically exact, have been made ____________ with the use of computers.

　　A) possible

　　B) it possible

　　C) possibly

　　D) to be possible

　　51. To handle the delicate situation, you must ；be____________

　　A) more than careful

　　B) more carefully

　　C) carefully enough

　　D) enough carefully

　　52. The governess agreed to teach the temperamental child ____________ she was given complete authority.

　　A) whether

　　B) for

　　C) that

　　D) provided

　　53. According to the periodic table, ____________ still some elements undiscovered.

　　A) there seem to be

　　B) it seems to be

　　C) it seems that

　　D) here seem

　　54. The farmer used wood to build a house ____________ to store grain.

　　A) with

　　B) in which

　　C) which

　　D) where

　　55. A beam of light will not bend round the corners unless ____________ to do so with the help of a reflecting device.

　　A) being done

　　B) made

　　C) to be made

　　D) having made

　　56. ____________, the more severe the winters are.

　　A) The more north you go

　　B) The farther you go the north

　　C) The more you go north

　　D) The farther north you go

　　57. Vicky has been sad recently, for her plan to go to college ____________ at the last moment.

　　A) fell out

　　B) fell behind

　　C) fell through

　　D) fell off

　　58. You had better ____________ teasing these newcomers, for that will hurt their feeling.

　　A) leave out

　　B) leave for

　　C) leave off

　　D) leave behind

　　59. Don't lose heart! You should _____________ your courage and overcome the difficulty.

　　A) hold up

　　B) set up

　　C) pull up

　　D) pluck up

　　60. He ____________ a sum of money every month to help the two orphans.

　　A) sets aside

　　B) sets up

　　C) sets along

　　D) sets in

　　61. His debts had to be _____________ after he committed suicide with his rifle.

　　A) laid off

　　B) written off

　　C) turned off

　　D) put off

　　62. The gentleman ____________ a cherub with his letter.

　　A) combined

　　B) included

　　C) kept

　　D) enclosed

　　63. At the meeting both sides exchanged their views on a wide ____________ of topics they were interested in.

　　A) extent

　　B) number

　　C) collection

　　D) range

　　64. His ____________ has changed but he has kept the fine qualities of a scientific researcher.

　　A) state

　　B) status

　　C) station

　　D) statue

　　65. She can speak French and German, to ____________ nothing of English.

　　A) say

　　B) speak

　　C) talk

　　D) tell

　　66. If you play with electricity, you may get an electric ____________

　　A) strike

　　B) beat

　　C) shock

　　D) knock

　　67. It was a wonderful play with a ____________ of over fifty actors and actresses.

　　A) list

　　B) group

　　C) bunch

　　D) herd

　　68. A ____________change in policy is needed if relations are ever to improve.

　　A) strict

　　B) wide

　　C) ever

　　D) radical

　　69. Please give my best ____________ to your family.

　　A) notice

　　B) attention

　　C) regards

　　D) cares

　　70. They bought the land with a ____________ to build a new office block.

　　A) purpose

　　B) view

　　C) goal

　　D) reason

　　Part IV Close (15 minutes )

　　Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

　　Methods of studying vary; what works__71__ for some students doesn’t work at all for others. The only thing you can do is experiment __72__ you find a system that does work for you. But two things are sure: __73__ else can do your studying for you, and unless you do find a system that works, you won' t although college. Meantime, there are a few rules that__74__ for everybody. The hint is "don't get ___75___ ".

　　The problem of studying, __76__ enough to start with, becomes almost__77__ when you are trying to do __78__ in one weekend.

　　__79__ the fastest readers have trouble __80__ that. And if you are behind in written work that must be __81__, the teacher who accepts it __82__late will probably not give you good credit. Perhaps he may not accept it__83__ . Getting behind in one class because you are spending so much time on another is really no __84__. Feeling pretty virtuous about the seven hours you 'spend on chemistry won' t __85__one bit if the history teacher pops a quiz. And many freshmen do get into trouble by spending too much time on one class at the __86__of the others, either because they like one class much better or because they find it so much harder that they think, they should __87__all their time to it. __88__the reason, going the whole work for one class and neglecting the rest of them is a mistake, if you face this __89__, begin with the shortest and easiest __90__. Get them out of the way and then go to the more difficult, time consuming work.

　　71. A) good B) easily C) sufficiently D) well

　　72. A) until B) after C) while D ) so

　　73. A) somebody B) nobody C) everybody D) anybody

　　74. A) follow B) go C) operate D) work

　　75. A) behind B) after C) slow D) later

　　76. A) hardly B) unpleasant C) hard D) heavy

　　77. A) improbable B) necessary C) impossible D) inevitable

　　78. A) three week's work B) three weeks' works

　　C) three weeks' work D) three week' s works

　　79. A) Even B) Almost C) If D) with

　　80. A) to do B) doing C) at doing D) with doing

　　81. A) turned in B) tuned up C) turned out D) given in

　　82. A) very B) quite C) such D) that

　　83. A) anyway B) either C) at all D) too

　　84. A) solution B) method C) answer D) excuse

　　85. A) help B) encourage C) assist D) improve

　　86. A) expense B) pay C) debt D) charge

　　87. A) devote B) put C) spend D) take

　　88. A) Whichever B) Whatever C) However D) Wherever

　　89. A) attraction B) decision C) temptation D) dilemma

　　90. A) arrangements B) way C) assignments D) class

　　Part V Writing

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Good Manners. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:

　　1世界上的人都看重良好的行为举止.

　　2在公共场合的一些奶好的行为举止.

　　3如果每个人都培养起了好的行为举止,

　　答案及详解

　　Part One Listening Comprehension

　　Section A

　　1-10 CCBDB DACDD

　　11-20 DABCB AACBA

　　Tapescript

　　Section A

　　1. M: Would you like a copy of professor Smith's article?

　　W: Thanks, if it's not too much trouble.

　　Q: What does the woman imply?

　　2. W: Did you visit the Television Tower when you had your vacation in Shanghai last summer?

　　M: I couldn't make it last June. But I finally visited it two months later. I plan to visit it again sometime next year.

　　Q: What do we learn about the man?

　　3. M: Prof. Kennedy has been very busy this semester. As far as I know, he works until mid-night every day.

　　W: I wouldn't have troubled him so much if I had know he was so busy.

　　Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

　　4. W: If I were you, I would have accepted the job.

　　M: I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business trips away from my family:

　　Q: Why didn't the man accept the job?

　　5. M: How are you getting on with your essay, Mary? I'm having a real hard time with mine.

　　W: After two sleepless nights, I'm finally through with it.

　　Q: What do we learn from this conversation?

　　6. W: Where did you say you found this bag?

　　M: It was lying under a big tree between the park and the apartment building

　　Q: Where did the man find the bag?

　　7. M: Wouldn't you get bored with the same routine year after year teaching the same things to children?

　　W: I don't think it would be as boring as working in an office. Teaching is mat stimulating.

　　Q: What does the woman imply about office work?

　　8. M: I was terribly embarrassed when some of the audience got up and left in the middle of the performance.

　　W: Well, some people just can't seem to appreciate real-life drama.

　　Q: What are they talking about?

　　9. W: Oh, it's so cold. We haven't had such a severe winter for so long, have we?

　　M: Yes, the forecast says it's going to get worse before it warms up.

　　Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

　　10. M: You were seen hanging about the store on the night when it was robbed, weren't you?

　　W: Me? You must have made a mistake. I was at home that night.

　　Q: What are they talking about?

　　Section B

　　Passage One

　　There are three groups of English learners: beginners, intermediate learners, and learners of special English. Beginners need to learn the basics of English. Students who have reached an intermediate level benefit from learning general English skills. But what about student who want to learn specialist English for their work or professional life? Most students, who fit into this third group have a clear idea about what they want to learn. A bank clerk, for example, wants to use this specialist vocabulary and technical terms of finance. But for teachers, deciding how to teach specialist English is not always so easy. For a start, the variety is enormous. Every field from air- line pilots to secretaries has its own vocabulary and technical terms. Teachers also need to have an up-to-date knowledge of that specialist language, and not many teachers are exposed to working environments outside the classroom. These issues have influenced the way specialist English is taught in schools. This type of course is usually known as English for Specific Purposes, or ESP and there are ESP courses for almost every area of professional and working life. In Britain, for example, there are courses which teach English for doctors, lawyers, reporters, travel agents and people working in the hotel industry. By far, the most popular ESP courses are for business English.

　　Questions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　11. What is the characteristic of learners of special English?

　　12. Who needs ESP courses most?

　　13. What are the most popular ESP courses in Britain?

　　14. What is the speaker mainly talking about?

　　Passage Two

　　The first step to stop drug abuse is knowing why people start to use drugs. The reasons people abuse drugs are as different as people are from one to another. But there seems to be one common thread: people seem to take drugs to change the way they feel. They want to feel better or feel happy or to feel nothing. Sometimes, they want to forget or to remember. People often feel better about the roseleaf when they are under the influence of drugs. But the effects don't' last long. Drugs don't solve problems. They just postpone them. No matter how far drugs may take you, it's always around trip. After a while, people who miss drugs may feel worse about thorn-' selves, and then they may use more drugs. If someone you know is using or abusing drugs, you can help. The most important part you can play is to be there. You can let your friends know that you care. You can listen and try to solve the problem behind your friend' s need to use drugs. Two people together can often solve a problem that seems too big for one person alone. Studies of., heavy abusers in the United States show that they felt unloved and unwanted. They didn't have close friends to talk to. When you or your friends take the time to care for each other, you're all helping to stop drugs abuse. After all, what is a friend for?

　　Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　15. Why do some people abuse drugs?

　　16. According to the passage, what is the best way to stop friends from abusing drugs?

　　17. What are the findings of the studies about heavy drug users?

　　Passage Three

　　Bows and arrows are one of man's oldest weapons. They gave early man an effective weapon to kill his enemies. The ordinary bow or short bow was used by nearly all early people. This bow had limited power and short range. However, man overcame these faults by learning to track his targets at a close range. The long bow was most likely discovered when someone found out that a five-foot piece of wood made a better bow than a three-foot piece. Hundreds of thou- sands of these bows were made and used for three hundred years. However, not one is known to survive today. We believe that a force of about one hundred pounds was needs to pull the string all the way back on a long bow. For a long time the bow was just a bent stick and string. In fact, more changes have taken place in a bow in the past 25 years than in the last 7 centuries. Today, bow is forceful. It is as exact as a gun. In addition, it requires little strength to draw the string. Modern bows also have precise aiming devices. In indoor contests, perfect scores from 40 yards are common. The invention of the bows itself ranks with discovery of fire and the wheel. It was a great-step-forward for man.

　　Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　18. Why did man have to track his target at a close range when using a short bow?

　　19. What does the passage tell us about the long bow?

　　20. What do we know about modem bows?

　　Part II Reading Comprehension

　　Passage One

　　21. D) 由第一段的前两句综合所有的细节。

　　22. B) 见第一段的第四句。

　　23. C) 本题考察利用上下文理解生词的能力。单词myograph所在的第二段说，这种仪器make visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle，与C)基本是同样的意思。

　　24. A) 由第三段的第一句中的“…a new design”可知，第二句中提到的a tripod ladder是a new design，相比之下，四条腿的梯子就是an old design了，也就是说，过去的stepladder是四条腿的。

　　25. D) 本题考察寻找细节。线索位于倒数第二段的第二句话。句子中的“Dr. Tichauer’s first thought”对应于题干中的initially，后面的句子都是说明为了舒适；本题的另一线索是最后一段的第一句，Efficiency is the by-product of comfort，由此可知，Dr. Tichauer最初关心的是comfort。

　　Passage Two

　　26. D) 本题主要由第一段的内容推理出来，同时兼用排除法。由第二段的前两句话，可知计算机犯罪并非不能查出来，所以A)、C）不对；由第一段的第二句中“for his own purposes”可以排除B)。

　　27. D) 第三段主要讲的是我们还不知道有多少计算机犯罪未被发现，第二、三两句说那些被发现了的都是偶然的，是他们的运气不好，显然，没被发现的要比已被发现的数量要多得多。

　　28. B) 本题表面要求寻找细节，但实际仍是一道推断题，考察考生对最后两段的理解。为什么计算机犯罪会逃脱惩罚呢？最后一段的前两句说得很明白，是因为公司的经理们害怕the bad publicity，即是bad reputation之意，所以他们会在揭示计算机犯罪时而犹豫。

　　29. B) 文章有三处都提到了这个问题的答案，它们分别是第一段的最后一句、第二段的第二句、第四段。最直接的线索是第二段的第二句。

　　30. D) 这是一道难度较大的主旨题。答案A)和D)很相似，文章的很多地方也都讲的是computer criminals escape punishment，但这是表面的，正是因为他们容易逃脱惩罚，所以文章最后一句说他们可以到一个新地方继续从事犯罪活动，其结果自然是计算机犯罪消除不了，因此本题选项D)更佳。

　　Passage Three

　　31. A) 本题考察对文章主题的理解。文章的最后一段的后半句是本文的主题句，它明确说the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent （相关的，切题的） not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family，此处的pertinent与题干中的fundamental在此处的意思是一样的。

　　32. A) 本题较难，表面是个细节题，但实际是推断题。有两处线索：第一处是第二段的第一句话，该句承接第一段中谈论的sharing household，指出如果过分了的话，就会导致男人被认为较不重要，即是选项A)的意思。第二处线索是第三段的倒数第二句话中“… that he does have a place in it”。

　　33. D) 线索见第三段的第二句话What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals.

　　34. C）本题的线索同31题。

　　35. A) 本题除了用排除法做以外，仍然考的是主题句。最后一句中的a healthy democracy是从社会的角度来讲的。

　　Passage Four

　　36. C）本题的线索是第一段的第二句话，其中的relying on educators与题干中的counting on educators 完全是同样的意思。

　　37. A) 作者先在第一段的最后一句说“look-say”或“whole-word”的阅读教学方法是失败的，第二段分析了这种方法失败的原因，是因为它“stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over decoding…”

　　38. D) 文章在最后一段谈到了phonics method的特点和好处，本题线索见该段的第二句话“Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned”，可见这种方法能使学习者获得更大的词汇量。

　　39. B) 本题要求利用上下文猜测单词的意思。根据第二段的最后一句，在1963年以前，出版的东西都是教授使用whole-word的方法的，紧接着用了转折词however，说在1955年，Rudolf Flesch“touched off”一场争论，因此此处的touch off必然是“引起”的意思。

　　40. C) 本题要求有较好的综合能力才能做得既快又准。从第二段中综合出whole-word阅读方法的特点：强调单词的意思、没有decoding；由此即可知B)、D)是错的；在文章的最后一句话，作者指出Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences，所以A)也是不对的。

　　Part IV Vocabulary and Structure

　　41. B) 空格及其后的内容作word的同位语，表示经理所说的话的内容。

　　42. D) 本题主要是A)和D）的辨析，be able to 与can的主要区别在于前者表示客观的能力，后者主观更多色彩更浓。本题根据时态及全句的内容，看出这是个客观的事实，因此应选D)。

　　43. A) 此处是由that引导的宾语从句。

　　44. B) 分词的独立主格结构，window与overlook的关系是主动的，故要用现在分词。

　　45. C) 倒装。状语on no account中含有否定词，故要用倒装。

　　46. A) less与little才是递进的关系。

　　47. C) 在deny之后要用动名词。

　　48. B) 在tell you的后面是一个宾语从句，而在这个宾语从句中用的是虚拟语气，看清这一点后，再看看if状语从句中的时态就能做出正确答案了。

　　49. D) 首先，我们知道结果是要“被公布”的，所以动词部分必须用被动语态，去掉A)、B)。再由句子的意思判断，结果本来要被公布的，但是我们没有听到什么消息，隐指消息未被公布，所以这是个虚拟的。

　　50. A) 这是一个固定句型。由make … possible变化而来。

　　51. A) 如果知道more than的特殊用法，本题即可顺利做答。解答本题的另一个方法是看句子成份，要填的空中是作be的表语，根据常识，副词是不能用作表语的，所以B)、C)、D)可被自然排除。

　　52. D) provided是一个特殊的连词，相当于if，可引导状语从句。

　　53. A) there be句型的变化。如果对其它的选项有疑问的话，可分析一下句子的成份。

　　54. B) 带介词的定语从句。农民盖房子的目的是要用房子来盛粮食，也就是说，要把粮食放在房子中，所以选B)。

　　55. B) 省略了主语和系动词的分词状语结构。

　　56. D) the more … the more 句型。在这个句型中，the more不是死的，只是表示一个比较级。

　　57. C) fall through的意思是“失败、破产”。fall out争吵, 吵架, 闹翻, 结果是, 离队；fall off 下降, 跌落, 减少, 衰退, 离开；落在...的后面, 拖欠。

　　58. C) leave off相当于stop。leave out省去, 遗漏, 不考虑；leave for动身去某地；leave behind将……落下

　　59. D) pluck up振作, 拔起。hold up举起, 支撑, 继续下去, 阻挡, 拦截；set up 设立, 竖立, 架起, 升起, 装配, 创(纪录), 提出, 开业；hold up举起, 支撑, 继续下去, 阻挡, 拦截

　　60. A) set aside .留出, 不顾, 取消, 驳回；set up 设立, 竖立, 架起, 升起, 装配, 创(纪录), 提出, 开业；set along 无此短语； set in开始, 到来, 上涨, 插入, 嵌入。

　　61. B) write off 注销, 勾销, 取消；lay off解雇, 停止工作, 休息, 划出；turn off 关掉, 避开, 使转变方向, 生产, 制造, 用车床加工出, 使厌烦, 变成；put off 推迟, 拖延, 搪塞, 使分心, 使厌恶, 扔掉, 脱掉, 劝阻。

　　62. D) enclose指邮寄信件时附上其它东西。

　　63. D) 选项中只有range能被wide修饰。

　　64. B) status指身份, 地位, 情形, 状况；sate指状态；statue则是雕象。

　　65. A) to say nothing of 是一个固定短语，意思是“更不用说……了”。本题不要做成词义辨析题。 66. C) 本题同样没有必要辨析四个选项的意思，只要知道“电击”是electric shock就够了。

　　67. B) 表示人的量词用group。

　　68. D) 常用radical修饰change，表示根本的的变化。

　　69. C) 表示向某人致意用regard。

　　70. A) 此处应选“目的”一词。C)表示具体的目标，不通。

　　Part IV Cloze

　　71．D) well是副词，good是形容词，所以A)不可。与后面相比较的doesn’t work at all相关的是，此处B)、C)形成不了关联。

　　72．A) 此句的意思是你一直进行尝试，直到找到适合自己的学习方法。因而此处的连词要表达“直到”的意思。 73．B) 线索是空格后的else，两个词连起来表示“（除了你自己），别的任何人都不能……”。

　　74．D) work常用于抽象的意义，表示起作用的意思。请参照第一句中的动词。

　　75．A) get (fall, be) behind等都表示落后的意思，根据上下文，显然是说，我们在学习上是不要落后。

　　76．C) 此处要求填一个形容词，A)可排除。又根据上下文，可以理解出这句话的意思应该是：学习这个困难，一开始的时候是非常难的，而当你想在一周内完成三周的事情时则变得几乎是不可能的。这时谈的是难度的问题，因此选其它的答案是不合适的。如果直接解此题有困难，可以先做后面的题。

　　77．C) 根据从句中的意思来判断本题的答案。不管78选哪个答案，我们都知道是要在一周内做三周的事，毫无疑问，应当说这是几乎不可能的。

　　78．C) 表面考的是所有格的用法，实际上考的是名词的数。三周肯定是复数，week必须是复数形式；work是不可数名词。答案就一目了然了。

　　79．A) 本题考查的是篇章词汇。解题也有两种方法。第一种方法从篇章的角度着手，承接上面一段，说的是学习的困难，在这里显然是说“即使”是读得最快的人也有困难，选A)顺理成章。第二种方法从句法着手。这是一个简单句，显然不能填连词和介词，C)、D)明显错误。单就本句来说，选almost也是不能的。

　　80．B) have troubling后要求接动名词。

　　81．A) turn in 的意思是“交上去，上交”，其它的选项是：turn up 出现， turn out出来；结果是，given in 让步。

　　82．D) 此处表示“过晚”之意，用too。

　　83．C) 还记得常说的not …at all 吗？

　　84．D) 这一句及其下一句是说因为你在别的科花的时间太多而在另一科落后，前者不是后者的理由。所以此处要选表示“借口、理由”意思的词，即是excuse。

　　85．A) 表示笼统的“有用”的动词是help。

　　86．A) at the expense of的意思是“以……为代价”。

　　87．A) 注意后面的介词to，所以这是一个固定搭配。

　　88．B) 想一想“What is the reason that …”这个句型吧。

　　89．C) 前面所说的明显是一种诱惑，所以要选temptation。

　　90．C) 前面说的是上什么什么课的事，所以选class。

　　Part V Writing

　　People all over the world set great regard on good manners. To certain degree, good manners indicate a person' s good education and breeding. In schools, it is part of students' moral Raining to develop good manners. A person with good manners always wins praise. On the contrary, people will frown on him if he behaves roughly and impolitely.

　　There are good manners in which we behave in public places. It is a good manner to offer help to the young, the old and the handicapped when they are in need of it. So is it to conduct ourselves politely and keep away from foul language. Besides, we should guard against such minor offences as making a loud noise, casting peels and shells, smoking, and spitting.

　　If everyone has developed good manners, people will form a more harmonious relationship. If everyone behaves considerately towards others and follows the social ethics, people will live in a better world. With the general mood of society improved, there will be a progress of civilization.