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Mybatis的多表关联查询(多对多)

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前言:

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mybatis中的多表查询:	示例:用户和角色		一个用户可以有多个角色		一个角色可以赋予多个用户	步骤:		1、建立两张表:用户表,角色表			让用户表和角色表具有多对多的关系。需要使用中间表,中间表中包含各自的主键,在中间表中是外键。		2、建立两个实体类:用户实体类和角色实体类			让用户和角色的实体类能体现出来多对多的关系			各自包含对方一个集合引用		3、建立两个配置文件			用户的配置文件			角色的配置文件		4、实现配置:			当我们查询用户时,可以同时得到用户所包含的角色信息			当我们查询角色时,可以同时得到角色的所赋予的用户信息1234567891011121314151617
项目目录结构实现 Role 到 User 多对多

多对多关系其实我们看成是双向的一对多关系。

业务要求

需求:

当我们查询角色时,可以同时得到角色的所赋予的用户信息。

分析:

查询角色我们需要用到Role表,但角色分配的用户的信息我们并不能直接找到用户信息,而是要通过中间表(USER_ROLE 表)才能关联到用户信息。

用户与角色的关系模型

用户与角色的多对多关系模型如下:

角色表:

用户表:

用户角色中间表:

编写角色实体类

Role:

package com.keafmd.domain;import java.io.Serializable;import java.util.List;/** * Keafmd * * @ClassName: Role * @Description: 角色实体类 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南 * @date: 2021-02-12 16:45 */public class Role implements Serializable {    private Integer roleId;    private String roleName;    private String roleDesc;    //多对多的关系映射    private List<User> users;    public List<User> getUsers() {        return users;    }    public void setUsers(List<User> users) {        this.users = users;    }    public Integer getRoleId() {        return roleId;    }    public void setRoleId(Integer roleId) {        this.roleId = roleId;    }    public String getRoleName() {        return roleName;    }    public void setRoleName(String roleName) {        this.roleName = roleName;    }    public String getRoleDesc() {        return roleDesc;    }    public void setRoleDesc(String roleDesc) {        this.roleDesc = roleDesc;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "Role{" +                "roleId=" + roleId +                ", roleName='" + roleName + '\'' +                ", roleDesc='" + roleDesc + '\'' +                '}';    }}123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263
编写 Role 持久层接口

IRoleDao:

package com.keafmd.dao;import com.keafmd.domain.Role;import java.util.List;/** * Keafmd * * @ClassName: IRoleDao * @Description: * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南 * @date: 2021-02-12 19:01 */public interface IRoleDao {    /**     * 查询所有角色     * @return     */    List<Role> findAll();}12345678910111213141516171819202122
实现的 SQL 语句
select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from role r  left outer join user_role ur on r.id = ur.rid  left outer join user u on u.id=ur.uid 123

执行结果:

注意:sql语句换行的时候最好在每行的末尾或开头添加空格,这样可以防止合并成一行时发生错误。

编写映射文件

IRoleDao.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE mapper        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"        ";><mapper namespace="com.keafmd.dao.IRoleDao">    <!--定义role表的resultmap-->    <resultMap id="roleMap" type="role">        <id property="roleId" column="rid"></id>        <result property="roleName" column="role_name"></result>        <result property="roleDesc" column="role_desc"></result>        <collection property="users" ofType="user">            <id column="id" property="id"></id>            <result column="username" property="username"></result>            <result column="address" property="address"></result>            <result column="sex" property="sex"></result>            <result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>        </collection>    </resultMap>    <!--查询所有-->    <select id="findAll" resultMap="roleMap">        select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from role r        left outer join user_role ur on r.id = ur.rid        left outer join user u on u.id=ur.uid    </select></mapper>12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728
测试代码

RoleTest:

package com.keafmd.test;import com.keafmd.dao.IRoleDao;import com.keafmd.dao.IUserDao;import com.keafmd.domain.Role;import com.keafmd.domain.User;import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;import org.junit.After;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;import java.io.InputStream;import java.util.List;/** * Keafmd * * @ClassName: MybatisTest * @Description: 测试类,测试crud操作 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南 * @date: 2021-02-08 15:24 */public class RoleTest {    private InputStream in;    private SqlSession sqlsession;    private IRoleDao roleDao;    @Before // 用于在测试方法执行前执行    public void init()throws Exception{        //1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流        in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");        //2.创建SqlSessionFactory工厂        SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();        SqlSessionFactory factory = builder.build(in);        //3.使用工厂生产SqlSession对象        sqlsession = factory.openSession(); //里面写个true,下面每次就不用了写 sqlsession.commit(); 了        //4.使用SqlSession创建Dao接口的代理对象        roleDao = sqlsession.getMapper(IRoleDao.class);    }    @After // 用于在测试方法执行后执行    public void destory() throws Exception{        //提交事务        sqlsession.commit();        //6.释放资源        sqlsession.close();        in.close();    }    /**     * 查询所有     * @throws Exception     */    @Test    public void testFindAll() {        List<Role> roles = roleDao.findAll();        for (Role role : roles) {            System.out.println("--------每个角色的信息---------");            System.out.println(role);            System.out.println(role.getUsers());                   }    }}1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071

运行结果:

2021-02-13 00:05:47,481 349    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Opening JDBC Connection2021-02-13 00:05:47,784 652    [           main] DEBUG source.pooled.PooledDataSource  - Created connection 1027007693.2021-02-13 00:05:47,784 652    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Setting autocommit to false on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd]2021-02-13 00:05:47,791 659    [           main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IRoleDao.findAll  - ==>  Preparing: select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from role r left outer join user_role ur on r.id = ur.rid left outer join user u on u.id=ur.uid2021-02-13 00:05:47,842 710    [           main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IRoleDao.findAll  - ==> Parameters: 2021-02-13 00:05:47,869 737    [           main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IRoleDao.findAll  - <==      Total: 4--------每个角色的信息---------Role{roleId=1, roleName='院长', roleDesc='管理整个学院'}[User{id=41, username='老王', sex='男', address='北京', birthday=Tue Feb 27 17:47:08 CST 2018}, User{id=45, username='新一', sex='男', address='北京', birthday=Sun Mar 04 12:04:06 CST 2018}]--------每个角色的信息---------Role{roleId=2, roleName='总裁', roleDesc='管理整个公司'}[User{id=41, username='老王', sex='男', address='北京', birthday=Tue Feb 27 17:47:08 CST 2018}]--------每个角色的信息---------Role{roleId=3, roleName='校长', roleDesc='管理整个学校'}[]2021-02-13 00:05:47,871 739    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Resetting autocommit to true on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd]2021-02-13 00:05:47,872 740    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Closing JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd]2021-02-13 00:05:47,872 740    [           main] DEBUG source.pooled.PooledDataSource  - Returned connection 1027007693 to pool.Process finished with exit code 01234567891011121314151617181920
实现 User 到 Role 的多对多业务要求

需求:

当我们查询用户时,可以同时得到用户所包含的角色信息。

分析:

相比上面的实现 Role 到 User 多对多,主要变化就是sql语句的变化。

编写用户实体类

User:

package com.keafmd.domain;import java.io.Serializable;import java.util.Date;import java.util.List;/** * Keafmd * * @ClassName: User * @Description: * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南 * @date: 2021-02-08 15:16 */public class User implements Serializable {    private Integer id;    private String username;    private String sex;    private String address;    private Date birthday;    //多对多的关系映射,一个用户可以具备多个角色    private List<Role> roles;    public List<Role> getRoles() {        return roles;    }    public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) {        this.roles = roles;    }    public Integer getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(Integer id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getUsername() {        return username;    }    public void setUsername(String username) {        this.username = username;    }    public String getSex() {        return sex;    }    public void setSex(String sex) {        this.sex = sex;    }    public String getAddress() {        return address;    }    public void setAddress(String address) {        this.address = address;    }    public Date getBirthday() {        return birthday;    }    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {        this.birthday = birthday;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "User{" +                "id=" + id +                ", username='" + username + '\'' +                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +                ", address='" + address + '\'' +                ", birthday=" + birthday +                '}';    }}123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384
编写 User持久层接口

IUserDao:

package com.keafmd.dao;import com.keafmd.domain.User;import java.util.List;/** * Keafmd * * @ClassName: IUserDao * @Description: 用户的持久层接口 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南 * @date: 2021-02-06 19:29 */public interface IUserDao {    /**     * 查询所有用户,同时获取到用户下所有账户的信息     * @return     */    List<User> findAll();}1234567891011121314151617181920212223
实现的 SQL 语句
   select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from user u    left outer join user_role ur on u.id = ur.uid    left outer join role r on r.id=ur.rid 123

执行结果:

编写映射文件

IUserDao.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE mapper        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"        ";><mapper namespace="com.keafmd.dao.IUserDao">    <!--定义User的resultMap-->    <resultMap id="userMap" type="user">        <id property="id" column="id"></id>        <result property="username" column="username"></result>        <result property="address" column="address"></result>        <result property="sex" column="sex"></result>        <result property="birthday" column="birthday"></result>        <!--配置角色集合的映射-->        <collection property="roles" ofType="role">            <id property="roleId" column="rid"></id>            <result property="roleName" column="role_name"></result>            <result property="roleDesc" column="role_desc"></result>        </collection>    </resultMap>    <!--配置查询所有-->    <select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">        select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from user u        left outer join user_role ur on u.id = ur.uid        left outer join role r on r.id=ur.rid    </select></mapper>12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031
测试代码

UserTest :

package com.keafmd.test;import com.keafmd.dao.IUserDao;import com.keafmd.domain.User;import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;import org.junit.After;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;import java.io.InputStream;import java.util.List;/** * Keafmd * * @ClassName: MybatisTest * @Description: 测试类,测试crud操作 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南 * @date: 2021-02-08 15:24 */public class UserTest {    private InputStream in;    private SqlSession sqlsession;    private IUserDao userDao;    @Before // 用于在测试方法执行前执行    public void init()throws Exception{        //1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流        in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");        //2.创建SqlSessionFactory工厂        SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();        SqlSessionFactory factory = builder.build(in);        //3.使用工厂生产SqlSession对象        sqlsession = factory.openSession(); //里面写个true,下面每次就不用了写 sqlsession.commit(); 了        //4.使用SqlSession创建Dao接口的代理对象        userDao = sqlsession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);    }    @After // 用于在测试方法执行后执行    public void destory() throws Exception{        //提交事务        sqlsession.commit();        //6.释放资源        sqlsession.close();        in.close();    }    /**     * 查询所有     * @throws Exception     */    @Test    public void testFindAll() {        List<User> users = userDao.findAll();        for (User user : users) {            System.out.println("--------每个用户的信息---------");            System.out.println(user);            System.out.println(user.getRoles());        }    }}1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768

运行结果:

2021-02-13 00:17:32,971 422    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Opening JDBC Connection2021-02-13 00:17:33,275 726    [           main] DEBUG source.pooled.PooledDataSource  - Created connection 1027007693.2021-02-13 00:17:33,275 726    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Setting autocommit to false on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd]2021-02-13 00:17:33,280 731    [           main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IUserDao.findAll  - ==>  Preparing: select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from user u left outer join user_role ur on u.id = ur.uid left outer join role r on r.id=ur.rid2021-02-13 00:17:33,319 770    [           main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IUserDao.findAll  - ==> Parameters: 2021-02-13 00:17:33,343 794    [           main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IUserDao.findAll  - <==      Total: 10--------每个用户的信息---------User{id=41, username='老王', sex='男', address='北京', birthday=Tue Feb 27 17:47:08 CST 2018}[Role{roleId=1, roleName='院长', roleDesc='管理整个学院'}, Role{roleId=2, roleName='总裁', roleDesc='管理整个公司'}]--------每个用户的信息---------User{id=42, username='update', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Mon Feb 08 19:37:31 CST 2021}[]--------每个用户的信息---------User{id=43, username='小二王', sex='女', address='北京', birthday=Sun Mar 04 11:34:34 CST 2018}[]--------每个用户的信息---------User{id=45, username='新一', sex='男', address='北京', birthday=Sun Mar 04 12:04:06 CST 2018}[Role{roleId=1, roleName='院长', roleDesc='管理整个学院'}]--------每个用户的信息---------User{id=50, username='Keafmd', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Mon Feb 08 15:44:01 CST 2021}[]--------每个用户的信息---------User{id=51, username='update DAO', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Tue Feb 09 11:31:38 CST 2021}[]--------每个用户的信息---------User{id=52, username='Keafmd DAO', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Tue Feb 09 11:29:41 CST 2021}[]--------每个用户的信息---------User{id=53, username='Keafmd laset insertid 1', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Fri Feb 12 20:53:46 CST 2021}[]--------每个用户的信息---------User{id=54, username='Keafmd laset insertid 2 auto', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Fri Feb 12 21:02:12 CST 2021}[]2021-02-13 00:17:33,345 796    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Resetting autocommit to true on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd]2021-02-13 00:17:33,346 797    [           main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Closing JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd]2021-02-13 00:17:33,346 797    [           main] DEBUG source.pooled.PooledDataSource  - Returned connection 1027007693 to pool.Process finished with exit code 01234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738

以上就是Mybatis的多表关联查询(多对多)的全部内容。

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