每天一个C语言小项目，提升你的编程能力！

这是经典的下 100 层游戏。>_<

通过鼠标左右键或者键盘 A、D 按键及左右方向键控制小球左右移动，木板会不断上升，小球到底认定游戏结束，按下键盘后小球会加速到一个最大速度，小球在木板上则会跟着木板上移，达到一定分数启动反向操作。

本程序采用单例设计模式，RollingBall 公有继承 BallAndPlank，protected 便于派生类访问基类数据成员。

木板的颜色随机，位置随机。

界面由初始化界面大小控制，可自行更改。

游戏运行截图如下：

简单了解游戏后我们就来试试吧！（直接上源码，大家可以看注释）

代码展示：

/*	项目名称：		RollingBall	作者：		tzdhu.z@qq.com 	项目介绍：		本程序由单例设计模式 RollingBall 公有继承 BallAndPlank		protected 便于派生类访问基类数据成员		模板颜色随机，位置随机		界面由初始化界面大小控制，初学者可自行更改	版权声明：		本程序完全由作者所创，不涉及任何侵权行为，仅用于学习*/// 头文件#include <graphics.h>#include <conio.h>#include <ctime>// 全局变量const COLORREF BKCOLOR = BLACK;															// 绘图窗口背景颜色const int max_x = 640;																	// 绘图窗口像素宽度const int max_y = 480;																	// 绘图窗口像素高度const int max_smx = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN);										// 电脑屏幕像素宽度const int max_smy = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN);										// 电脑屏幕像素高度const int inverse_operate_score = 600;													// 反向操作启动分数static IMAGE img_start(80, 40), id_start(80, 40), img_exit(80, 40), id_exit(80, 40);	// 用于按钮效果的 IMAGE////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 小球和木板类class BallAndPlank{	//小球结构体	typedef struct BALL	{		int ball_x;						// 小球球心位置 x		int ball_y;						// 小球球心位置 y	}Ball;	//木板结构体	typedef struct PLANK	{		int plank_x;					// 木板左端位置 x		int plank_y;					// 木板位置 y		int plank_len;					// 木板长度		COLORREF plank_color;			// 木板颜色		int thorn_x;					// 尖刺左端位置 x		bool is_thorn;					// 木板是否有尖刺	}Plank;public:	// 构造函数初始化参数	BallAndPlank()	{		// 小球		ball_r = 4;		ball_ddx = 1;		ball_dx_min = 0;		ball_dx_max = 8;		left_right = STOP;		ball_dx = ball_dx_min;		ball_dy = ball_dx_min;		ball_color = RGB(255, 0, 0);		// 木板		plank_dy = 1;		plank_len_min = 50;		plank_len_max = 150;		thorn_len = 32;		thorn_h = 4;		plank_gap = (max_y - 1) / plank_num;	}	~BallAndPlank()	{		// 未定义	}	// 小球颜色绘制小球	void DrawBall(int x, int y)	{		setfillcolor(ball_color);		solidcircle(x, y, ball_r);	}	// 背景颜色清除小球	void CleanBall(int x, int y)	{		setfillcolor(BKCOLOR);		solidcircle(x, y, ball_r);	}	bool IsThorn()	{		return (rand() % 1000 > 600) ? true : false;	}	// 木板颜色绘制木板	void DrawPlank()	{		for (int i = 0; i < plank_num; i++)		{			setlinecolor(plank[i].plank_color);			line(plank[i].plank_x, plank[i].plank_y, plank[i].plank_x + plank[i].plank_len, plank[i].plank_y);			if (plank[i].is_thorn == true)			{				for (int j = plank[i].thorn_x; j < plank[i].thorn_x + thorn_len; j += 2 * thorn_h)				{					line(j, plank[i].plank_y, j + thorn_h, plank[i].plank_y - thorn_h - 1);					line(j + thorn_h, plank[i].plank_y - thorn_h - 1, j + 2 * thorn_h, plank[i].plank_y);				}			}		}	}	// 背景颜色清除木板	void CleanPlank()	{		setlinecolor(BKCOLOR);		for (int i = 0; i < plank_num; i++)		{			line(plank[i].plank_x, plank[i].plank_y, plank[i].plank_x + plank[i].plank_len, plank[i].plank_y);			if (plank[i].is_thorn == true)			{				for (int j = plank[i].thorn_x; j < plank[i].thorn_x + thorn_len; j += 2 * thorn_h)				{					line(j, plank[i].plank_y, j + thorn_h, plank[i].plank_y - thorn_h - 1);					line(j + thorn_h, plank[i].plank_y - thorn_h - 1, j + 2 * thorn_h, plank[i].plank_y);				}			}		}	}protected:												// 保护用于派生类访问数据成员	// 小球属性	enum Left_Right { STOP, LEFT, RIGHT };				// 枚举小球左右方向	int ball_r;											// 小球半径	int ball_ddx;										// 可视为小球加速度	int ball_dx_min;									// 小球 x 方向最小步长	int ball_dx_max;									// 小球 x 方向最大步长	int left_right;										// 小球左右方向	int ball_dx;										// 可视为小球 x 方向速度	int ball_dy;										// 可视为小球 y 方向速度	COLORREF ball_color;								// 小球颜色	Ball ball;											// 小球结构对象	// 木板属性	enum Plank_Num { plank_num = 7 };					// 枚举初始化木板数量	int plank_dy;										// 可视为木板速度	int plank_len_min;									// 木板最小长度	int plank_len_max;									// 木板最大长度	int plank_gap;										// 木板间隔	int thorn_len;										// 尖刺长度	int thorn_h;										// 尖刺高度	Plank plank[plank_num];								// 木板结构对象数组};////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 单例设计模式 RollingBall派生类class RollingBall : public BallAndPlank{public:	~RollingBall()	{		// 未定义	}	// 获取单例指针	static RollingBall *GetInstance()	{		static RollingBall RB;		return &RB;	}	// 开始前介绍界面	void Introduce()	{		setbkcolor(BKCOLOR);		cleardevice();		settextcolor(LIGHTMAGENTA);		settextstyle(50, 0, _T("黑体"));		outtextxy((max_x - textwidth(_T("RollingBall"))) / 2, max_y / 5, _T("RollingBall"));		settextcolor(GREEN);		settextstyle(25, 0, _T("黑体"));		outtextxy((max_x - textwidth(_T("ESC退出,空格暂停"))) / 2, max_y / 5 * 2 + 20, _T("ESC退出,空格暂停"));		outtextxy((max_x - textwidth(_T("控制方向:左右方向键,AD,鼠标左右键"))) / 2, max_y / 5 * 2 + 60, _T("控制方向:左右方向键,AD,鼠标左右键"));		SetWorkingImage(&img_start);		setbkcolor(LIGHTGRAY);		cleardevice();		settextcolor(BROWN);		settextstyle(25, 0, _T("黑体"));		outtextxy((80 - textwidth(_T("开始"))) / 2, (40 - textheight(_T("开始"))) / 2, _T("开始"));		SetWorkingImage(&id_start);		setbkcolor(DARKGRAY);		cleardevice();		settextcolor(BROWN);		settextstyle(25, 0, _T("黑体"));		outtextxy((80 - textwidth(_T("开始"))) / 2, (40 - textheight(_T("开始"))) / 2, _T("开始"));		SetWorkingImage(&img_exit);		setbkcolor(LIGHTGRAY);		cleardevice();		settextcolor(BROWN);		settextstyle(25, 0, _T("黑体"));		outtextxy((80 - textwidth(_T("退出"))) / 2, (40 - textheight(_T("退出"))) / 2, _T("退出"));		SetWorkingImage(&id_exit);		setbkcolor(DARKGRAY);		cleardevice();		settextcolor(BROWN);		settextstyle(25, 0, _T("黑体"));		outtextxy((80 - textwidth(_T("退出"))) / 2, (40 - textheight(_T("退出"))) / 2, _T("退出"));		SetWorkingImage();		int yy = max_y / 4 * 3;		int exit_x = max_x / 2 - 200;		int start_x = max_x / 2 + 120;		putimage(start_x, yy, &img_start);		putimage(exit_x, yy, &img_exit);		// 检测是否点击相关按钮及按键		MOUSEMSG msg;		bool selected = false;		while (!selected)		{			while (MouseHit())			{				msg = GetMouseMsg();				if ((msg.x >= start_x && msg.x <= start_x + 80 && msg.y >= yy && msg.y <= yy + 40 && msg.uMsg == WM_LBUTTONDOWN) || GetAsyncKeyState(VK_RETURN) & 0x8000)				{					putimage(start_x, yy, &id_start);					Sleep(200);					putimage(start_x, yy, &img_start);					Sleep(100);					selected = true;					break;				}				else if ((msg.x >= exit_x && msg.x <= exit_x + 80 && msg.y >= yy && msg.y <= yy + 40 && msg.uMsg == WM_LBUTTONDOWN) || GetAsyncKeyState(VK_ESCAPE) & 0x8000)				{					putimage(exit_x, yy, &id_exit);					Sleep(200);					putimage(exit_x, yy, &img_exit);					Sleep(100);					exit(0);				}			}			Sleep(16);		}	}	// 初始化游戏界面	void Initialize()	{		setbkcolor(BKCOLOR);		cleardevice();		setlinecolor(DARKGRAY);		line(0, 0, 0, max_y - 1);		line(max_y, 0, max_y, max_y - 1);		line(0, 0, max_y - 1, 0);		line(0, max_y - 1, max_y - 1, max_y - 1);		for (int i = 0; i < max_y; i += 2 * die_top)		{			line(i, 0, i + die_top, die_top);			line(i + die_top, die_top, i + 2 * die_top, 0);		}		for (int i = 0; i < plank_num; i++)		{			plank[i].plank_y = (i + 1) * plank_gap;			plank[i].plank_len = rand() % (plank_len_max - plank_len_min) + plank_len_min + 1;			plank[i].plank_x = rand() % (max_y - plank[i].plank_len);			plank[i].plank_color = HSVtoRGB(float(rand() % 360), float(1.0), float(1.0));			plank[i].is_thorn = IsThorn();			if (plank[i].is_thorn == true)				plank[i].thorn_x = plank[i].plank_x + rand() % (plank[i].plank_len - thorn_len);		}		plank[3].is_thorn = false;		ball.ball_x = plank[3].plank_x + plank[3].plank_len / 2;		ball.ball_y = plank[3].plank_y - 1 - ball_r;		DrawBall(ball.ball_x, ball.ball_y);		DrawPlank();		Sleep(sleep_time);	}	// 检测是否死亡	bool IsDead()	{		if (ball.ball_y <= die_top + ball_r || ball.ball_y >= max_y - 1 - ball_r || is_dead)		{			is_dead = true;			return true;		}		else			return false;	}	// 打印分数,速度及是否开启反向操作	void PrintScore()	{		settextcolor(RED);		settextstyle(16, 0, _T("黑体"));		score = time_num / 5;		TCHAR str[20];		_stprintf_s(str, _T("当前得分: %d"), score);		outtextxy(max_y + 5, max_y / 6 * 5 + 10, str);		if		(score < 50)	plank_dy = 1;		else if (score < 200)	plank_dy = 2;		else if (score < 500)	plank_dy = 3;		else if (score < 1000)	plank_dy = 4;		else if (score < 1500)	plank_dy = 5;		else					plank_dy = 6;		_stprintf_s(str, _T("当前速度: %d/6"), plank_dy);		outtextxy(max_y + 5, max_y / 2 - 10, str);		if (score > inverse_operate_score)			outtextxy(max_y + 5, max_y / 11, _T("反向操作 已开启"));		else			outtextxy(max_y + 5, max_y / 11, _T("反向操作 未开启"));	}	// 非ESC结束时显示最终分数	void Finish()	{		if (is_dead)		{			TCHAR str[50];			_stprintf_s(str, _T("\t     您的最终得分为: %d\t\t"), score);			MessageBox(GetHWnd(), str, _T("游戏结束"), MB_OK);		}	}	// 游戏运行处理	void GameRunning()	{		// 清除小球和木板		CleanBall(ball.ball_x, ball.ball_y);		CleanPlank();		// 计算木板位置		for (int i = 0; i < plank_num; i++)			plank[i].plank_y -= plank_dy;		// 顶木板是否消失，是 则生成尾木板		if (plank[0].plank_y < die_top + ball_r + 1)		{			for (int i = 0; i < plank_num - 1; i++)				plank[i] = plank[i + 1];			plank[plank_num - 1].plank_y = (plank_num)* plank_gap;			plank[plank_num - 1].plank_len = rand() % (plank_len_max - plank_len_min) + plank_len_min + 1;			plank[plank_num - 1].plank_x = rand() % (max_y - plank[plank_num - 1].plank_len);			plank[plank_num - 1].plank_color = HSVtoRGB(float(rand() % 360), float(1.0), float(1.0));			plank[plank_num - 1].is_thorn = IsThorn();			if (plank[plank_num - 1].is_thorn == true)				plank[plank_num - 1].thorn_x = plank[plank_num - 1].plank_x + rand() % (plank[plank_num - 1].plank_len - thorn_len);		}		// 计算小球球心 x 位置(加减速效果)		if ((GetAsyncKeyState(VK_LEFT) & 0x8000) || (GetAsyncKeyState('A') & 0x8000) || (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_LBUTTON) & 0x8000))		{			if (score < inverse_operate_score)			{				if (left_right == LEFT)					ball_dx = (ball_dx += ball_ddx) > ball_dx_max ? ball_dx_max : ball_dx;				else				{					ball_dx = ball_dx_min;					left_right = LEFT;				}				ball.ball_x = (ball.ball_x -= ball_dx) < ball_r ? ball_r : ball.ball_x;			}			else			{				if (left_right == RIGHT)					ball_dx = (ball_dx += ball_ddx) > ball_dx_max ? ball_dx_max : ball_dx;				else				{					ball_dx = ball_dx_min;					left_right = RIGHT;				}				ball.ball_x = (ball.ball_x += ball_dx) > (max_y - 1 - ball_r) ? max_y - 1 - ball_r : ball.ball_x;			}		}		else if ((GetAsyncKeyState(VK_RIGHT) & 0x8000) || (GetAsyncKeyState('D') & 0x8000) || (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_RBUTTON) & 0x8000))		{			if (score > inverse_operate_score)			{				if (left_right == LEFT)					ball_dx = (ball_dx += ball_ddx) > ball_dx_max ? ball_dx_max : ball_dx;				else				{					ball_dx = ball_dx_min;					left_right = LEFT;				}				ball.ball_x = (ball.ball_x -= ball_dx) < ball_r ? ball_r : ball.ball_x;			}			else			{				if (left_right == RIGHT)					ball_dx = (ball_dx += ball_ddx) > ball_dx_max ? ball_dx_max : ball_dx;				else				{					ball_dx = ball_dx_min;					left_right = RIGHT;				}				ball.ball_x = (ball.ball_x += ball_dx) > (max_y - 1 - ball_r) ? max_y - 1 - ball_r : ball.ball_x;			}		}		else		{			ball_dx -= ball_ddx;			if (ball_dx > ball_dx_min)			{				if (left_right == LEFT)					ball.ball_x = (ball.ball_x -= ball_dx) < ball_r ? ball_r : ball.ball_x;				else if (left_right == RIGHT)					ball.ball_x = (ball.ball_x += ball_dx) > (max_y - 1 - ball_r) ? max_y - 1 - ball_r : ball.ball_x;			}			else			{				ball_dx = ball_dx_min;				left_right = STOP;			}		}		// 计算小球球心 y 位置(加速效果)		int ii = 0;	// 用于确定小球位于哪块木板上方		while (ball.ball_y - plank_dy > plank[ii].plank_y - 1 - ball_r)			ii++;		if (ii < plank_num &&			ball.ball_x >= plank[ii].plank_x && ball.ball_x <= plank[ii].plank_x + plank[ii].plank_len			&& (ball.ball_y - plank_dy == plank[ii].plank_y - 1 - ball_r || ball.ball_y >= plank[ii].plank_y - 1 - ball_r))		{			ball.ball_y = plank[ii].plank_y - 1 - ball_r;			ball_dy = ball_dx_min;		}		else		{			ball_dy = (ball_dy += ball_ddx) > ball_dx_max ? ball_dx_max : ball_dy;			ball.ball_y += ball_dy;			if (ii < plank_num &&				ball.ball_x >= plank[ii].plank_x && ball.ball_x <= plank[ii].plank_x + plank[ii].plank_len && ball.ball_y >= plank[ii].plank_y - 1 - ball_r)			{				ball.ball_y = plank[ii].plank_y - 1 - ball_r;				ball_dy = ball_dx_min;			}			else if (ball.ball_y > max_y - 1 - ball_r)				ball.ball_y = max_y - 1 - ball_r;		}		// 判断小球是否触碰尖刺		if (ball.ball_x >= plank[ii].thorn_x - ball_r / 2 && ball.ball_x <= plank[ii].thorn_x + thorn_len + ball_r / 2			&& ball.ball_y == plank[ii].plank_y - 1 - ball_r && plank[ii].is_thorn)			is_dead = true;		// 绘制木板和小球		DrawPlank();		DrawBall(ball.ball_x, ball.ball_y);		FlushBatchDraw();		time_num++;		// 打印分数,速度及是否开启反向操作		PrintScore();		Sleep(sleep_time);	}private:	// 构造函数初始化参数	RollingBall()	{		score = 0;		die_top = 5;		time_num = 0;		sleep_time = 20;		is_dead = false;	}	RollingBall(const RollingBall &rb) {}							// 禁止拷贝构造	RollingBall &operator = (const RollingBall &rb) {}				// 禁止赋值重载	int sleep_time;													// 游戏刷新时间间隔	int time_num;													// 记录游戏刷新次数	int die_top;													// 顶部尖刺位置	int score;														// 记录分数	bool is_dead;													// 是否死亡};////////////////////////////////////////////////////// main 主函数int main(){	initgraph(max_x, max_y, NOMINIMIZE);	srand((unsigned)time(NULL));	// 获取单例指针	RollingBall *rb = RollingBall::GetInstance();	rb->Introduce();	rb->Initialize();	BeginBatchDraw();	while (!(GetAsyncKeyState(VK_ESCAPE) & 0x8000))	{		rb->GameRunning();		if (rb->IsDead())			break;		if (_kbhit() && _getwch() == ' ')			_getwch();	}	EndBatchDraw();	rb->Finish();	closegraph();	return 0;}

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