Spring Boot 集成 Sharding-jdbc + Mybatis-Plus 实现分库分表

楠哥教你学Java 08-17 989

前言：

如今我们对“sharding分库分表”大体比较珍视，兄弟们都需要分析一些“sharding分库分表”的相关资讯。那么小编在网络上收集了一些关于“sharding分库分表””的相关知识，希望我们能喜欢，同学们快快来了解一下吧！

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一、 Sharding-jdbc简介

Sharding-jdbc是开源的数据库操作中间件；定位为轻量级Java框架，在Java的JDBC层提供的额外服务。它使用客户端直连数据库，以jar包形式提供服务，无需额外部署和依赖，可理解为增强版的JDBC驱动，完全兼容JDBC和各种ORM框架。

官方文档地址：

本文demo实现了分库分表功能。

二、项目结构

首先创建一个一般的Spring boot项目，项目采用三层架构，结构图如下：项目目录结构图 pom.xml文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="; xmlns:xsi=";         xsi:schemaLocation=" ;>    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <parent>        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>        <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->    </parent>    <groupId>com.macky</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-boot-shardingjdbc</artifactId>    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>    <name>spring-boot-shardingjdbc</name>    <description>Demo project for spring-boot-shardingjdbc</description>    <properties>        <java.version>1.8</java.version>    </properties>    <dependencies>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency>        <!--mysql-->        <dependency>            <groupId>mysql</groupId>            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>            <scope>runtime</scope>        </dependency>        <!--Mybatis-Plus-->        <dependency>            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>            <version>3.1.1</version>        </dependency>        <!--shardingsphere start-->        <!-- for spring boot -->        <dependency>            <groupId>io.shardingsphere</groupId>            <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>            <version>3.1.0</version>        </dependency>        <!-- for spring namespace -->        <dependency>            <groupId>io.shardingsphere</groupId>            <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-namespace</artifactId>            <version>3.1.0</version>        </dependency>        <!--shardingsphere end-->        <!--lombok-->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>        </dependency>    </dependencies>    <build>        <plugins>            <plugin>                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>            </plugin>        </plugins>    </build></project>

实体类以书本为例：

package com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.entity;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.activerecord.Model;import groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode;import lombok.Data;import lombok.experimental.Accessors;/** * @author Macky * @Title class Book * @Description: 书籍是实体类 * @date 2019/7/13 15:23 */@Data@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)@Accessors(chain = true)@TableName("book")public class Book extends Model<Book> {    private int id;    private String name;    private int count;}

开放保存和查询两个接口，代码如下：

package com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.controller;import com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.entity.Book;import com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.service.BookService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;import java.util.List;/** * @author Macky * @Title class BookController * @Description: TODO * @date 2019/7/12 20:53 */@RestControllerpublic class BookController {    @Autowired    BookService bookService;    @RequestMapping(value = "/book", method = RequestMethod.GET)    public List<Book> getItems(){        return bookService.getBookList();    }    @RequestMapping(value = "/book",method = RequestMethod.POST)    public Boolean saveItem(Book book){        return bookService.save(book);    }}BookServiceImpl.javapackage com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.service.impl;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.toolkit.Wrappers;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;import com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.entity.Book;import com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.mapper.BookMapper;import com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.service.BookService;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.List;/** * @author Macky * @Title class BookServiceImpl * @Description: TODO * @date 2019/7/12 20:47 */@Servicepublic class BookServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<BookMapper, Book> implements BookService {    @Override    public List<Book> getBookList() {        return baseMapper.selectList(Wrappers.<Book>lambdaQuery());    }    @Override    public boolean save(Book book) {        return super.save(book);    }}

BookMapper.java

package com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.mapper;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;import com.macky.springbootshardingjdbc.entity.Book;/** * @author Macky * @Title class BookMapper * @Description: TODO * @date 2019/7/12 20:46 */public interface BookMapper extends BaseMapper<Book> {}

创建数据库表，DDL语句如下：

#创建数据库表数据CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `db0`;USE `db0`;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `book_0`;CREATE TABLE `book_0` (    `id` INT ( 11 ) NOT NULL,    `name` VARCHAR ( 255 ) DEFAULT NULL,    `count` INT ( 11 ) DEFAULT NULL,    PRIMARY KEY ( `id` )) ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `book_1`;CREATE TABLE `book_1` (    `id` INT ( 11 ) NOT NULL,    `name` VARCHAR ( 255 ) DEFAULT NULL,    `count` INT ( 11 ) DEFAULT NULL,    PRIMARY KEY ( `id` )) ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `db1`;USE `db1`;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `book_0`;CREATE TABLE `book_0` (    `id` INT ( 11 ) NOT NULL,    `name` VARCHAR ( 255 ) DEFAULT NULL,    `count` INT ( 11 ) DEFAULT NULL,    PRIMARY KEY ( `id` )) ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `book_1`;CREATE TABLE `book_1` (    `id` INT ( 11 ) NOT NULL,    `name` VARCHAR ( 255 ) DEFAULT NULL,    `count` INT ( 11 ) DEFAULT NULL,    PRIMARY KEY ( `id` )) ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `db2`;USE `db2`;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `book_0`;CREATE TABLE `book_0` (    `id` INT ( 11 ) NOT NULL,    `name` VARCHAR ( 255 ) DEFAULT NULL,    `count` INT ( 11 ) DEFAULT NULL,    PRIMARY KEY ( `id` )) ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `book_1`;CREATE TABLE `book_1` (    `id` INT ( 11 ) NOT NULL,    `name` VARCHAR ( 255 ) DEFAULT NULL,    `count` INT ( 11 ) DEFAULT NULL,    PRIMARY KEY ( `id` )) ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;

配置分库分表策略application.properties：

# 数据源 db0,db1,db2sharding.jdbc.datasource.names=db0,db1,db2# 第一个数据库sharding.jdbc.datasource.db0.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSourcesharding.jdbc.datasource.db0.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driversharding.jdbc.datasource.db0.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db0?useUnicode=true&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true&useLegacyDatetimeCode=false&serverTimezone=UTCsharding.jdbc.datasource.db0.username=rootsharding.jdbc.datasource.db0.password=Aa123456# 第二个数据库sharding.jdbc.datasource.db1.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSourcesharding.jdbc.datasource.db1.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driversharding.jdbc.datasource.db1.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1?useUnicode=true&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true&useLegacyDatetimeCode=false&serverTimezone=UTCsharding.jdbc.datasource.db1.username=rootsharding.jdbc.datasource.db1.password=Aa123456# 第三个数据库sharding.jdbc.datasource.db2.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSourcesharding.jdbc.datasource.db2.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driversharding.jdbc.datasource.db2.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2?useUnicode=true&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true&useLegacyDatetimeCode=false&serverTimezone=UTCsharding.jdbc.datasource.db2.username=rootsharding.jdbc.datasource.db2.password=Aa123456# 水平拆分的数据库（表） 配置分库 + 分表策略 行表达式分片策略# 分库策略sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.default-database-strategy.inline.sharding-column=idsharding.jdbc.config.sharding.default-database-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=db$->{id % 3}# 分表策略 其中book为逻辑表 分表主要取决于id行sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.tables.book.actual-data-nodes=db$->{0..2}.book_$->{0..2}sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.tables.book.table-strategy.inline.sharding-column=count# 分片算法表达式sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.tables.book.table-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=book_$->{count % 3}# 主键 UUID 18位数 如果是分布式还要进行一个设置 防止主键重复#sharding.jdbc.config.sharding.tables.user.key-generator-column-name=id# 打印执行的数据库以及语句sharding.jdbc.config.props..sql.show=truespring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding=true#读写分离sharding.jdbc.datasource.dsmaster =

接口测试使用postman

示例：GET请求------> POST请求：------->编程思想&count=8

demo的github地址：

三、总结

分库分表实现按照官方文档做一个demo是第一步，如需深入还需要研究源码，研究架构，研究思想；此文仅作为入门demo搭建指南，如需深入理解，还请移步至官方文档，官方文档：

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标签： #sharding分库分表