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「SpringCloud」(三十五)Docker+k8s打包部署——集群环境部署

AI全栈程序猿 1798

前言:

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一、集群环境规划配置

生产环境不要使用一主多从,要使用多主多从。这里使用三台主机进行测试一台Master(172.16.20.111),两台Node(172.16.20.112和172.16.20.113)

1、设置主机名

CentOS7安装完成之后,设置固定ip,三台主机做相同设置

vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33#在最下面ONBOOT改为yes,新增固定地址IPADDR,172.16.20.111,172.16.20.112,172.16.20.113ONBOOT=yesIPADDR=172.16.20.111

三台主机ip分别设置好之后,修改hosts文件,设置主机名

#master 机器上执行 hostnamectl set-hostname master#node1 机器上执行 hostnamectl set-hostname node1#node2 机器上执行 hostnamectl set-hostname node2
vi /etc/hosts172.16.20.111 master172.16.20.112 node1172.16.20.113 node2

2、时间同步

开启chronyd服务

systemctl start chronyd

设置开机启动

systemctl enable chronyd

测试

date

3、禁用firewalld和iptables(测试环境)

systemctl stop firewalldsystemctl disable firewalldsystemctl stop iptablessystemctl disable iptables

4、禁用selinux

 vi /etc/selinux/configSELINUX=disabled

5、禁用swap分区

注释掉 /dev/mapper/centos-swap swap

vi /etc/fstab# 注释掉# /dev/mapper/centos-swap swap

6、修改linux的内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.confnet.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1#重新加载配置sysctl -p#加载网桥过滤模块modprobe br_netfilter#查看网桥过滤模块lsmod | grep br_netfilter

7、配置ipvs

安装ipset和ipvsadm

yum install ipset ipvsadm -y

添加需要加载的模块(整个执行)

cat <<EOF> /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules#!/bin/bashmodprobe -- ip_vsmodprobe -- ip_vs_rrmodprobe -- ip_vs_wrrmodprobe -- ip_vs_shmodprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4EOF

添加执行权限

chmod +x /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules

执行脚本

/bin/bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules

查看是否加载成功

lsmod | grep -e -ip_vs -e nf_conntrack_ipv4

以上完成设置之后,一定要执行重启使配置生效

reboot
二、Docker环境安装配置

1、安装依赖

docker依赖于系统的一些必要的工具:

yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

2、添加软件源

yum-config-manager --add-repo  clean allyum makecache fast

3、安装docker-ce

#查看可以安装的docker版本yum list docker-ce --showduplicates#选择安装需要的版本,直接安装最新版,可以执行 yum -y install docker-ceyum install --setopt=obsoletes=0 docker-ce-19.03.13-3.el7 -y

4、启动服务

#通过systemctl启动服务systemctl start docker#通过systemctl设置开机启动systemctl enable docker

5、查看安装版本

启动服务使用docker version查看一下当前的版本:

docker version

6、 配置镜像加速

通过修改daemon配置文件/etc/docker/daemon.json加速,如果使用k8s,这里一定要设置 "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]。 "insecure-registries" : ["172.16.20.175"]配置是可以通过http从我们的harbor上拉取数据。

vi /etc/docker/daemon.json{  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],  "log-driver": "json-file",  "log-opts": {    "max-size": "100m"  },  "registry-mirrors": [";],  "insecure-registries" : ["172.16.20.175"]}sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sudo systemctl restart docker

7、安装docker-compose

如果网速太慢,可以直接到 选择对应的版本进行下载,然后上传到服务器/usr/local/bin/目录。

sudo curl -L  "(uname -s)-$(uname -m)"  -o /usr/local/bin/docker-composesudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

注意:(非必须设置)开启Docker远程访问 (这里不是必须开启的,生产环境不要开启,开启之后,可以在开发环境直连docker)

vi /lib/systemd/system/docker.service

修改ExecStart,添加 -H tcp://0.0.0.0:2375

ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// -H tcp://0.0.0.0:2375 --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock

修改后执行以下命令:

systemctl daemon-reload && service docker restart

测试是否能够连得上:

curl 
三、Harbor私有镜像仓库安装配置(重新设置一台服务器172.16.20.175,不要放在K8S的主从服务器上)

首先需要按照前面的步骤,在环境上安装Docker,才能安装Harbor。

1、选择合适的版本进行下载,下载地址:

2、解压

tar -zxf harbor-offline-installer-v2.2.4.tgz

3、配置

cd harbormv harbor.yml.tmpl harbor.ymlvi harbor.yml

4、将hostname改为当前服务器地址,注释掉https配置。

 ......# The IP address or hostname to access admin UI and registry service.# DO NOT use localhost or 127.0.0.1, because Harbor needs to be accessed by external clients.hostname: 172.16.20.175# http related confighttp:  # port for http, default is 80. If https enabled, this port will redirect to https port  port: 80# https related config#https:  # https port for harbor, default is 443 # port: 443  # The path of cert and key files for nginx # certificate: /your/certificate/path # private_key: /your/private/key/path ......

5、执行安装命令

mkdir /var/log/harbor/./install.sh

6、查看安装是否成功

[root@localhost harbor]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                             PORTS                                   NAMESde1b702759e7        goharbor/harbor-jobservice:v2.2.4    "/harbor/entrypoint.…"   13 seconds ago      Up 9 seconds (health: starting)                                            harbor-jobservice55b465d07157        goharbor/nginx-photon:v2.2.4         "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   13 seconds ago      Up 9 seconds (health: starting)    0.0.0.0:80->8080/tcp, :::80->8080/tcp   nginxd52f5557fa73        goharbor/harbor-core:v2.2.4          "/harbor/entrypoint.…"   13 seconds ago      Up 10 seconds (health: starting)                                           harbor-core4ba09aded494        goharbor/harbor-db:v2.2.4            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   13 seconds ago      Up 11 seconds (health: starting)                                           harbor-db647f6f46e029        goharbor/harbor-portal:v2.2.4        "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   13 seconds ago      Up 11 seconds (health: starting)                                           harbor-portal70251c4e234f        goharbor/redis-photon:v2.2.4         "redis-server /etc/r…"   13 seconds ago      Up 11 seconds (health: starting)                                           redis21a5c408afff        goharbor/harbor-registryctl:v2.2.4   "/home/harbor/start.…"   13 seconds ago      Up 11 seconds (health: starting)                                           registryctlb0937800f88b        goharbor/registry-photon:v2.2.4      "/home/harbor/entryp…"   13 seconds ago      Up 11 seconds (health: starting)                                           registryd899e377e02b        goharbor/harbor-log:v2.2.4           "/bin/sh -c /usr/loc…"   13 seconds ago      Up 12 seconds (health: starting)   127.0.0.1:1514->10514/tcp               harbor-log

7、harbor的启动停止命令

docker-compose down   #停止docker-compose up -d  #启动

8、访问harbor管理台地址,上面配置的hostname,(默认用户名/密码: admin/Harbor12345):

三、Kubernetes安装配置

1、切换镜像源

cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo[kubernetes]name=Kubernetesbaseurl= 

2、安装kubeadm、kubelet和kubectl

yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

3、配置kubelet的cgroup

vi  /etc/sysconfig/kubelet
KUBELET_CGROUP_ARGS="--cgroup-driver=systemd"KUBE_PROXY_MODE="ipvs"

4、启动kubelet并设置开机启动

systemctl start kubelet && systemctl enable kubelet

5、初始化k8s集群(只在Master执行)

初始化

kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.22.3  \--apiserver-advertise-address=172.16.20.111   \--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers  \--service-cidr=10.20.0.0/16 --pod-network-cidr=10.222.0.0/16

创建必要文件

mkdir -p $HOME/.kubesudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/configsudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

6、加入集群(只在Node节点执行)

在Node节点(172.16.20.112和172.16.20.113)运行上一步初始化成功后显示的加入集群命令

kubeadm join 172.16.20.111:6443 --token fgf380.einr7if1eb838mpe \    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:fa5a6a2ff8996b09effbf599aac70505b49f35c5bca610d6b5511886383878f7 

在Master查看集群状态

[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodesNAME     STATUS     ROLES                  AGE     VERSIONmaster   NotReady   control-plane,master   2m54s   v1.22.3node1    NotReady   <none>                 68s     v1.22.3node2    NotReady   <none>                 30s     v1.22.3

7、安装网络插件(只在Master执行)

wget 

镜像加速:修改kube-flannel.yml文件,将quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.15.0 改为 quay.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/coreos/flannel:v0.15.0 执行安装

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

再次查看集群状态,(需要等待一段时间大概1-2分钟)发现STATUS都是Ready。

[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodesNAME     STATUS   ROLES                  AGE   VERSIONmaster   Ready    control-plane,master   42m   v1.22.3node1    Ready    <none>                 40m   v1.22.3node2    Ready    <none>                 39m   v1.22.3

8、集群测试

使用kubectl安装部署nginx服务

kubectl create deployment nginx  --image=nginx  --replicas=1kubectl expose deploy nginx  --port=80 --target-port=80  --type=NodePort

查看服务

[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod,svcNAME                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGEpod/nginx-6799fc88d8-z5tm8   1/1     Running   0          26sNAME                 TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGEservice/kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.20.0.1      <none>        443/TCP        68mservice/nginx        NodePort    10.20.17.199   <none>        80:32605/TCP   9s

服务显示service/nginx的PORT(S)为80:32605/TCP, 我们在浏览器中访问主从地址的32605端口,查看nginx是否运行 成功后显示如下界面:

9、安装Kubernetes管理界面Dashboard

  Kubernetes可以通过命令行工具kubectl完成所需要的操作,同时也提供了方便操作的管理控制界面,用户可以用 Kubernetes Dashboard 部署容器化的应用、监控应用的状态、执行故障排查任务以及管理 Kubernetes 各种资源。

1、下载安装配置文件recommended.yaml ,注意在查看Kubernetes 和 Kubernetes Dashboard的版本对应关系。

# 执行下载wget 
2、修改配置信息,在service下添加 type: NodePort和nodePort: 30010
vi recommended.yaml
......kind: ServiceapiVersion: v1metadata:  labels:    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard  name: kubernetes-dashboard  namespace: kubernetes-dashboardspec:  # 新增  nodeName: Master  # 新增  type: NodePort  ports:    - port: 443      targetPort: 8443      # 新增      nodePort: 30010......

注释掉以下信息,否则不能安装到master服务器

      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master      #tolerations:      #   - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master      #   effect: NoSchedule

新增nodeName: master,安装到master服务器

......kind: DeploymentapiVersion: apps/v1metadata:  labels:    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard  name: kubernetes-dashboard  namespace: kubernetes-dashboardspec:  replicas: 1  revisionHistoryLimit: 10  selector:    matchLabels:      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard  template:    metadata:      labels:        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard    spec:      nodeName: master      containers:        - name: kubernetes-dashboard          image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.4.0          imagePullPolicy: Always......
3、执行安装部署命令
kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml
4、查看运行状态命令,可以看到service/kubernetes-dashboard 已运行,访问端口为30010
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod,svc -n kubernetes-dashboardNAME                                            READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGEpod/dashboard-metrics-scraper-c45b7869d-6k87n   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          10spod/kubernetes-dashboard-576cb95f94-zfvc9       0/1     ContainerCreating   0          10sNAME                                TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGEservice/dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.20.222.83    <none>        8000/TCP        10sservice/kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.20.201.182   <none>        443:30010/TCP   10s
5、创建访问Kubernetes Dashboard的账号
kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kubernetes-dashboardkubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin-rb --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kubernetes-dashboard:dashboard-admin
6、查询访问Kubernetes Dashboard的token
[root@master ~]# kubectl get secrets -n kubernetes-dashboard | grep dashboard-admindashboard-admin-token-84gg6        kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      64s[root@master ~]# kubectl describe secrets dashboard-admin-token-84gg6 -n kubernetes-dashboardName:         dashboard-admin-token-84gg6Namespace:    kubernetes-dashboardLabels:       <none>Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: dashboard-admin              kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 2d93a589-6b0b-4ed6-adc3-9a2eeb5d1311Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-tokenData====ca.crt:     1099 bytesnamespace:  20 bytestoken:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6ImRmbVVfRy15QzdfUUF4ZmFuREZMc3dvd0IxQ3ItZm5SdHVZRVhXV3JpZGcifQ.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.xsDBLeZdn7IO0Btpb4LlCD1RQ2VYsXXPa-bir91VXIqRrL1BewYAyFfZtxU-8peU8KebaJiRIaUeF813x6WbGG9QKynL1fTARN5XoH-arkBTVlcjHQ5GBziLDE-KU255veVqORF7J5XtB38Ke2n2pi8tnnUUS_bIJpMTF1s-hV0aLlqUzt3PauPmDshtoerz4iafWK0u9oWBASQDPPoE8IWYU1KmSkUNtoGzf0c9vpdlUw4j0UZE4-zSoMF_XkrfQDLD32LrG56Wgpr6E8SeipKRfgXvx7ExD54b8Lq9DyAltr_nQVvRicIEiQGdbeCu9dwzGyhg-cDucULTx7TUgA
7、在页面访问Kubernetes Dashboard,注意一定要使用https, ,输入token登录成功后就进入了后台管理界面,原先命令行的操作就可以在管理界面进操作了四、GitLab安装配置  

 GitLab是可以部署在本地环境的Git项目仓库,这里介绍如何安装使用,在开发过程中我们将代码上传到本地仓库,然后Jenkins从仓库中拉取代码打包部署。

1、下载需要的安装包,下载地址 ,我们这里下载最新版gitlab-ce-14.4.1-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm,当然在项目开发中需要根据自己的需求选择稳定版本

2、点击需要安装的版本,会提示安装命令,按照上面提示的命令进行安装即可

curl -s  | sudo bashsudo yum install gitlab-ce-14.4.1-ce.0.el7.x86_64

3、配置并启动Gitlab

gitlab-ctl reconfigure

4、查看Gitlab状态

gitlab-ctl status

5、设置初始登录密码

cd /opt/gitlab/binsudo ./gitlab-rails console# 进入控制台之后执行u=User.where(id:1).firstu.password='root1234'u.password_confirmation='root1234'u.save!quit

5、浏览器访问服务器地址,默认是80端口,所以直接访问即可,在登录界面输入我们上面设置的密码root/root1234。

6、设置界面为中文

User Settings ----> Preferences ----> Language ----> 简体中文 ----> 刷新界面

7、Gitlab常用命令

gitlab-ctl stopgitlab-ctl startgitlab-ctl restart
五、使用Docker安装配置Jenkins+Sonar(代码质量检查)

  实际项目应用开发过程中,单独为SpringCloud工程部署一台运维服务器,不要安装在Kubernetes服务器上,同样按照上面的步骤安装docker和docker-compose,然后使用docker-compose构建Jenkins和Sonar。

1、创建宿主机挂载目录并赋权

mkdir -p /data/docker/ci/nexus /data/docker/ci/jenkins/lib /data/docker/ci/jenkins/home /data/docker/ci/sonarqube /data/docker/ci/postgresqlchmod -R 777 /data/docker/ci/nexus /data/docker/ci/jenkins/lib /data/docker/ci/jenkins/home /data/docker/ci/sonarqube /data/docker/ci/postgresql

2、新建Jenkins+Sonar安装脚本jenkins-compose.yml脚本,这里的Jenkins使用的是Docker官方推荐的镜像jenkinsci/blueocean,在实际使用中发现,即使不修改插件下载地址,也可以下载插件,所以比较推荐这个镜像。

version: '3'networks:  prodnetwork:    driver: bridgeservices:  sonardb:    image: postgres:12.2    restart: always    ports:      - "5433:5432"    networks:      - prodnetwork    volumes:      - /data/docker/ci/postgresql:/var/lib/postgresql    environment:      - POSTGRES_USER=sonar      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=sonar  sonar:    image: sonarqube:8.2-community    restart: always    ports:    - "19000:9000"    - "19092:9092"    networks:      - prodnetwork    depends_on:      - sonardb    volumes:      - /data/docker/ci/sonarqube/conf:/opt/sonarqube/conf      - /data/docker/ci/sonarqube/data:/opt/sonarqube/data      - /data/docker/ci/sonarqube/logs:/opt/sonarqube/logs      - /data/docker/ci/sonarqube/extension:/opt/sonarqube/extensions      - /data/docker/ci/sonarqube/bundled-plugins:/opt/sonarqube/lib/bundled-plugins    environment:      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai      - SONARQUBE_JDBC_URL=jdbc:postgresql://sonardb:5432/sonar       - SONARQUBE_JDBC_USERNAME=sonar      - SONARQUBE_JDBC_PASSWORD=sonar  nexus:    image: sonatype/nexus3    restart: always    ports:      - "18081:8081"    networks:      - prodnetwork    volumes:      - /data/docker/ci/nexus:/nexus-data  jenkins:    image: jenkinsci/blueocean    user: root    restart: always    ports:      - "18080:8080"    networks:      - prodnetwork    volumes:      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro      - $HOME/.ssh:/root/.ssh      - /data/docker/ci/jenkins/lib:/var/lib/jenkins/      - /usr/bin/docker:/usr/bin/docker      - /data/docker/ci/jenkins/home:/var/jenkins_home    depends_on:      - nexus      - sonar    environment:      - NEXUS_PORT=8081      - SONAR_PORT=9000      - SONAR_DB_PORT=5432    cap_add:      - ALL

3、在jenkins-compose.yml文件所在目录下执行安装启动命令

docker-compose -f jenkins-compose.yml up -d

安装成功后,展示以下信息

[+] Running 5/5 ⠿ Network root_prodnetwork  Created                                                                0.0s ⠿ Container root-sonardb-1  Started                                                                1.0s ⠿ Container root-nexus-1    Started                                                                1.0s ⠿ Container root-sonar-1    Started                                                                2.1s ⠿ Container root-jenkins-1  Started                                                                4.2s

4、查看服务的启动情况

[root@localhost ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                             PORTS                                                    NAMES52779025a83e        jenkins/jenkins:lts                  "/sbin/tini -- /usr/…"   4 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes                       50000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:18080->8080/tcp, :::18080->8080/tcp   root-jenkins-12f5fbc25de58        sonarqube:8.2-community              "./bin/run.sh"           4 minutes ago       Restarting (0) 21 seconds ago                                                               root-sonar-14248a8ba71d8        sonatype/nexus3                      "sh -c ${SONATYPE_DI…"   4 minutes ago       Up 4 minutes                       0.0.0.0:18081->8081/tcp, :::18081->8081/tcp              root-nexus-1719623c4206b        postgres:12.2                        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   4 minutes ago       Up 4 minutes                       0.0.0.0:5433->5432/tcp, :::5433->5432/tcp                root-sonardb-12b6852a57cc2        goharbor/harbor-jobservice:v2.2.4    "/harbor/entrypoint.…"   5 days ago          Up 29 seconds (health: starting)                                                            harbor-jobserviceebf2dea994fb        goharbor/nginx-photon:v2.2.4         "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   5 days ago          Restarting (1) 46 seconds ago                                                               nginxadfaa287f23b        goharbor/harbor-registryctl:v2.2.4   "/home/harbor/start.…"   5 days ago          Up 7 minutes (healthy)                                                                      registryctl8e5bcca3aaa1        goharbor/harbor-db:v2.2.4            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   5 days ago          Up 7 minutes (healthy)                                                                      harbor-dbebe845e020dc        goharbor/harbor-portal:v2.2.4        "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   5 days ago          Up 7 minutes (healthy)                                                                      harbor-portal68263dea2cfc        goharbor/harbor-log:v2.2.4           "/bin/sh -c /usr/loc…"   5 days ago          Up 7 minutes (healthy)             127.0.0.1:1514->10514/tcp                                harbor-log

我们发现 jenkins端口映射到了18081 ,但是sonarqube没有启动,查看日志发现sonarqube文件夹没有权限访问,日志上显示容器目录的权限不够,但实际是宿主机的权限不够,这里需要给宿主机赋予权限

chmod 777 /data/docker/ci/sonarqube/logschmod 777 /data/docker/ci/sonarqube/bundled-pluginschmod 777 /data/docker/ci/sonarqube/confchmod 777 /data/docker/ci/sonarqube/datachmod 777 /data/docker/ci/sonarqube/extension

执行重启命令

docker-compose -f jenkins-compose.yml restart

再次使用命令查看服务启动情况,就可以看到jenkins映射到18081,sonarqube映射到19000端口,我们在浏览器就可以访问jenkins和sonarqube的后台界面了

5、Jenkins登录初始化 从Jenkins的登录界面提示可以知道,默认密码路径为/var/jenkins_home/secrets/initialAdminPassword,这里显示的事Docker容器内部的路径,实际对应我们上面服务器设置的路径为/data/docker/ci/jenkins/home/secrets/initialAdminPassword ,我们打开这个文件并输入密码就可以进入Jenkins管理界面

6、选择安装推荐插件,安装完成之后,根据提示进行下一步操作,直到进入管理后台界面

备注:

sonarqube默认用户名密码: admin/admin卸载命令:docker-compose -f jenkins-compose.yml down -v六、Jenkins自动打包部署配置

  项目部署有多种方式,从最原始的可运行jar包直接部署到JDK环境下运行,到将可运行的jar包放到docker容器中运行,再到现在比较流行的把可运行的jar包和docker放到k8s的pod环境中运行。每一种新的部署方式都是对原有部署方式的改进和优化,这里不着重介绍每种方式的优缺点,只简单说明一下使用Kubernetes 的原因:Kubernetes 主要提供弹性伸缩、服务发现、自我修复,版本回退、负载均衡、存储编排等功能。   日常开发部署过程中的基本步骤如下:

提交代码到gitlab代码仓库gitlab通过webhook触发Jenkins构建代码质量检查Jenkins需通过手动触发,来拉取代码、编译、打包、构建Docker镜像、发布到私有镜像仓库Harbor、执行kubectl命令从Harbor拉取Docker镜像部署至k8s

1、安装Kubernetes plugin插件、Git Parameter插件(用于流水线参数化构建)、 Extended Choice Parameter 插件(用于多个微服务时,选择需要构建的微服务)、 Pipeline Utility Steps插件(用于读取maven工程的.yaml、pom.xml等)和 Kubernetes Continuous Deploy(一定要使用1.0版本,从官网下载然后上传) ,Jenkins --> 系统管理 --> 插件管理 --> 可选插件 --> Kubernetes plugin /Git Parameter/Extended Choice Parameter ,选中后点击Install without restart按钮进行安装

  Blueocean目前还不支持Git Parameter插件和Extended Choice Parameter插件,Git Parameter是通过Git Plugin读取分支信息,我们这里使用Pipeline script而不是使用Pipeline script from SCM,是因为我们不希望把构建信息放到代码里,这样做可以开发和部署分离。

2、配置Kubernetes plugin插件,Jenkins --> 系统管理 --> 节点管理 --> Configure Clouds --> Add a new cloud -> Kubernetes

3、增加kubernetes证书

cat ~/.kube/config# 以下步骤暂不使用,将certificate-authority-data、client-certificate-data、client-key-data替换为~/.kube/config里面具体的值#echo certificate-authority-data | base64 -d > ca.crt#echo client-certificate-data | base64 -d > client.crt#echo client-key-data | base64 -d > client.key# 执行以下命令,自己设置密码#openssl pkcs12 -export -out cert.pfx -inkey client.key -in client.crt -certfile ca.crt

系统管理-->凭据-->系统-->全局凭据

4、添加访问Kubernetes的凭据信息,这里填入上面登录Kubernetes Dashboard所创建的token即可,添加完成之后选择刚刚添加的凭据,然后点击连接测试,如果提示连接成功,那么说明我们的Jenkins可以连接Kubernetes了

5、jenkins全局配置jdk、git和maven jenkinsci/blueocean镜像默认安装了jdk和git,这里需要登录容器找到路径,然后配置进去。 通过命令进入jenkins容器,并查看JAVA_HOEM和git路径

[root@localhost ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS                                                                                      NAMES0520ebb9cc5d        jenkinsci/blueocean                  "/sbin/tini -- /usr/…"   2 days ago          Up 30 hours                    50000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:18080->8080/tcp, :::18080->8080/tcp                                     root-jenkins-1[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it 0520ebb9cc5d /bin/bashbash-5.1# echo $JAVA_HOME/opt/java/openjdkbash-5.1# which git/usr/bin/git

通过命令查询可知,JAVA_HOME=/opt/java/openjdk GIT= /usr/bin/git , 在Jenkins全局工具配置中配置

Maven可以在宿主机映射的/data/docker/ci/jenkins/home中安装,然后配置时,配置容器路径为/var/jenkins_home下的Maven安装路径

在系统配置中设置MAVEN_HOME供Pipeline script调用,如果执行脚本时提示没有权限,那么在宿主Maven目录的bin目录下执行chmod 777 *

6、为k8s新建harbor-key,用于k8s拉取私服镜像,配置在代码的k8s-deployment.yml中使用。

kubectl create secret docker-registry harbor-key --docker-server=172.16.20.175 --docker-username='robot$gitegg' --docker-password='Jqazyv7vvZiL6TXuNcv7TrZeRdL8U9n3'

7、新建pipeline流水线任务

8、配置流水线任务参数

9、配置pipeline发布脚本 在流水线下面选择Pipeline script

pipeline {    agent any    parameters {        gitParameter branchFilter: 'origin/(.*)', defaultValue: 'master', name: 'Branch', type: 'PT_BRANCH', description:'请选择需要构建的代码分支'        choice(name: 'BaseImage', choices: ['openjdk:8-jdk-alpine'], description: '请选择基础运行环境')        choice(name: 'Environment', choices: ['dev','test','prod'],description: '请选择要发布的环境:dev开发环境、test测试环境、prod 生产环境')        extendedChoice(         defaultValue: 'gitegg-gateway,gitegg-oauth,gitegg-plugin/gitegg-code-generator,gitegg-service/gitegg-service-base,gitegg-service/gitegg-service-extension,gitegg-service/gitegg-service-system',         description: '请选择需要构建的微服务',         multiSelectDelimiter: ',',         name: 'ServicesBuild',         quoteValue: false,         saveJSONParameterToFile: false,         type: 'PT_CHECKBOX',         value:'gitegg-gateway,gitegg-oauth,gitegg-plugin/gitegg-code-generator,gitegg-service/gitegg-service-base,gitegg-service/gitegg-service-extension,gitegg-service/gitegg-service-system',         visibleItemCount: 6)        string(name: 'BuildParameter', defaultValue: 'none', description: '请输入构建参数')    }    environment {        PRO_NAME = "gitegg"        BuildParameter="${params.BuildParameter}"        ENV = "${params.Environment}"        BRANCH = "${params.Branch}"        ServicesBuild = "${params.ServicesBuild}"        BaseImage="${params.BaseImage}"        k8s_token = "7696144b-3b77-4588-beb0-db4d585f5c04"    }    stages {        stage('Clean workspace') {            steps {                deleteDir()            }        }        stage('Process parameters') {            steps {                script {                    if("${params.ServicesBuild}".trim() != "") {                        def ServicesBuildString = "${params.ServicesBuild}"                        ServicesBuild = ServicesBuildString.split(",")                        for (service in ServicesBuild) {                          println "now got ${service}"                        }                    }                    if("${params.BuildParameter}".trim() != "" && "${params.BuildParameter}".trim() != "none") {                        BuildParameter = "${params.BuildParameter}"                    }                    else                    {                        BuildParameter = ""                    }                }            }        }        stage('Pull SourceCode Platform') {            steps {                echo "${BRANCH}"                git branch: "${Branch}", credentialsId: 'gitlabTest', url: ';            }        }        stage('Install Platform') {            steps{                echo "==============Start Platform Build=========="                sh "${MAVEN_HOME}/bin/mvn -DskipTests=true clean install ${BuildParameter}"                echo "==============End Platform Build=========="            }        }        stage('Pull SourceCode') {            steps {                echo "${BRANCH}"                git branch: "${Branch}", credentialsId: 'gitlabTest', url: ';            }        }        stage('Build') {            steps{              script {                echo "==============Start Cloud Parent Install=========="                sh "${MAVEN_HOME}/bin/mvn -DskipTests=true clean install -P${params.Environment} ${BuildParameter}"                echo "==============End Cloud Parent Install=========="                def workspace = pwd()                for (service in ServicesBuild) {                   stage ('buildCloud${service}') {                      echo "==============Start Cloud Build ${service}=========="                      sh "cd ${workspace}/${service} && ${MAVEN_HOME}/bin/mvn -DskipTests=true clean package -P${params.Environment} ${BuildParameter} jib:build -Djib.httpTimeout=200000 -DsendCredentialsOverHttp=true -f pom.xml"                      echo "==============End Cloud Build ${service}============"                   }                }               }            }        }        stage('Sync to k8s') {            steps {                script {                   echo "==============Start Sync to k8s=========="                   def workspace = pwd()                   mainpom = readMavenPom file: 'pom.xml'                   profiles = mainpom.getProfiles()                   def version = mainpom.getVersion()                   def nacosAddr = ""                   def nacosConfigPrefix = ""                   def nacosConfigGroup = ""                   def dockerHarborAddr = ""                   def dockerHarborProject = ""                   def dockerHarborUsername = ""                   def dockerHarborPassword = ""                   def serverPort = ""                   def commonDeployment = "${workspace}/k8s-deployment.yaml"                   for(profile in profiles)                   {                       // 获取对应配置                       if (profile.getId() == "${params.Environment}")                       {                            nacosAddr = profile.getProperties().getProperty("nacos.addr")                            nacosConfigPrefix = profile.getProperties().getProperty("nacos.config.prefix")                            nacosConfigGroup = profile.getProperties().getProperty("nacos.config.group")                            dockerHarborAddr = profile.getProperties().getProperty("docker.harbor.addr")                            dockerHarborProject =  profile.getProperties().getProperty("docker.harbor.project")                            dockerHarborUsername = profile.getProperties().getProperty("docker.harbor.username")                            dockerHarborPassword = profile.getProperties().getProperty("docker.harbor.password")                       }                   }                   for (service in ServicesBuild) {                      stage ('Sync${service}ToK8s') {                        echo "==============Start Sync ${service} to k8s=========="                        dir("${workspace}/${service}") {                            pom = readMavenPom file: 'pom.xml'                            echo "group: artifactId: ${pom.artifactId}"                            def deployYaml = "k8s-deployment-${pom.artifactId}.yaml"                            yaml = readYaml file : './src/main/resources/bootstrap.yml'                            serverPort = "${yaml.server.port}"                            if(fileExists("${workspace}/${service}/k8s-deployment.yaml")){                               commonDeployment = "${workspace}/${service}/k8s-deployment.yaml"                            }                            else                            {                               commonDeployment = "${workspace}/k8s-deployment.yaml"                            }                            script {                                sh "sed 's#{APP_NAME}#${pom.artifactId}#g;s#{IMAGE_URL}#${dockerHarborAddr}#g;s#{IMAGE_PROGECT}#${PRO_NAME}#g;s#{IMAGE_TAG}#${version}#g;s#{APP_PORT}#${serverPort}#g;s#{SPRING_PROFILE}#${params.Environment}#g' ${commonDeployment} > ${deployYaml}"                                kubernetesDeploy configs: "${deployYaml}", kubeconfigId: "${k8s_token}"                            }                        }                        echo "==============End Sync ${service} to k8s=========="                      }                   }                   echo "==============End Sync to k8s=========="                }            }        }    }}
常见问题:

1、Pipeline Utility Steps 第一次执行会报错Scripts not permitted to use method或者Scripts not permitted to use staticMethod org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.DefaultGroovyMethods getProperties java.lang.Object 解决:系统管理-->In-process Script Approval->点击 Approval

2、通过NFS服务将所有容器的日志统一存放在NFS的服务端 3、Kubernetes Continuous Deploy,使用1.0.0版本,否则报错,不兼容 4、解决docker注册到内网问题

spring:  cloud:    inetutils:      ignored-interfaces: docker0

5、配置ipvs模式,kube-proxy监控Pod的变化并创建相应的ipvs规则。ipvs相对iptables转发效率更高。除此以外,ipvs支持更多的LB算法。

kubectl edit cm kube-proxy -n kube-system

修改mode: "ipvs"

重新加载kube-proxy配置文件

kubectl delete pod -l k8s-app=kube-proxy -n kube-system

查看ipvs规则

ipvsadm -Ln

6、k8s集群内部访问外部服务,nacos,redis等

a、内外互通模式,在部署的服务设置hostNetwork: true

spec: hostNetwork: true
b、Endpoints模式
kind: EndpointsapiVersion: v1metadata:  name: nacos  namespace: defaultsubsets:  - addresses:      - ip: 172.16.20.188    ports:      - port: 8848
apiVersion: v1kind: Servicemetadata:  name: nacos  namespace: defaultspec:  type: ClusterIP  ports:  - port: 8848    targetPort: 8848    protocol: TCP
c、service的type: ExternalName模式,“ExternalName” 使用 CNAME 重定向,因此无法执行端口重映射,域名使用
EndPoints和type: ExternalName 

以上外部新建yaml,不要用内部的,这些需要在环境设置时配置好。

源码地址:

Gitee: GitEgg: GitEgg 是一款开源免费的企业级微服务应用开发框架,旨在整合目前主流稳定的开源技术框架,集成常用的最佳项目解决方案,实现可直接使用的微服务快速开发框架。

GitHub:

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