前言：
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关闭防火墙：systemctl disable firewalld关闭selinux：/etc/selinux/config更改主机名： /ect/hosts 192.168.80.148(写自己的ip) oracle19c1.2.yum安装oracle需要的依赖包
yum install -y bc
yum install -y compat-libcap1*
yum install -y compat-libcap*
yum install -y binutils
yum install -y compat-libstdc+±33
yum install -y elfutils-libelf
yum install -y elfutils-libelf-devel
yum install -y gcc
yum install -y gcc-c++
yum install -y glibc-2.5
yum install -y glibc-common
yum install -y glibc-devel
yum install -y glibc-headers
yum install -y ksh libaio
yum install -y libaio-devel
yum install -y libgcc
yum install -y libstdc++
yum install -y libstdc+±devel
yum install -y make
yum install -y sysstat
yum install -y unixODBC
yum install -y unixODBC-devel
yum install -y binutils*
yum install -y compat-libstdc*
yum install -y elfutils-libelf*
yum install -y gcc*
yum install -y glibc*
yum install -y ksh*
yum install -y libaio*
yum install -y libgcc*
yum install -y libstdc*
yum install -y make*
yum install -y sysstat*
yum install -y libXp*
yum install -y glibc-kernheaders
yum install -y net-tools-*
1.3.修改linux的内核文件
cat << EOF >> /etc/sysctl.confkernel.shmmax = 277495689510912kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048586fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 67747971072net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 6000net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1#net.core.somaxconn = 262144net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 262144net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 30net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 6net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 5net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2EOF
sysctl -p 生效
1.4. 修改limits.conf
cat << 'EOF' >> /etc/security/limits.conforacle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536oracle soft nproc 16384oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft stack 10240oracle hard stack 32768oracle hard memlock 134217728oracle soft memlock 134217728EOF1.5.添加下列条目到/etc/pam.d/login
cat << 'EOF' >> /etc/pam.d/loginsession required /lib/security/pam_limits.sosession required pam_limits.soEOF1.6.在/etc/profil添加下列语句
cat << 'EOF' >> /etc/profileif [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fifiEOF#使环境变量生效source /etc/profile2.创建文件和相应的目录
groupadd dbagroupadd opergroupadd oinstalluseradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oraclemkdir -p /u01/app/oraclemkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradatamkdir -p /u01/oraInventorychown -R oracle.oinstall /u01chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oraclechmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraclemkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1 #ORACLE的HOME目录chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/passwd oracle #增加密码2.1配置oracle用户环境变量
su - oraclecat << 'EOF' >> .bash_profileexport EDITOR=vi #默认的编辑器是viexport TMP=/tmp #ORACLE默认的临时目录是/tmpexport TMPDIR=$TMP #临时目录生成export ORACLE_SID=orcl #ORACLE实例名称是orclexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle #ORACLE的基本目录 export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19c/db_1 #ORACLE数据库的HOME目录export INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/oraInventory #ORACLE安装时的inventoryexport TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin #ORACLE的网络主目录export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib # ORACLE的库文件目录export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8" #ORACLE的字符集 不过我们弃用 因为我们使用UTF8export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS" #ORACLE的日期格式 我们使用会话的方式修改 弃用export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:$PATH:$HOME/binumask 022EOFsource .bash_profile #使环境变量生效2.2.上传数据库安装包到$ORACLE_HOME
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1/chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1/LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip解压：su - oraclecd /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1/unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip2.3静默安装配置执行这个db_install.rsp脚本文件
su - oraclecd /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1/install/response
vim db_install.rsp
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLYUNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstallINVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventoryORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleoracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EEoracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dbaoracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=operoracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dbaoracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dbaoracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dbaoracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dbaoracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=falseoracle.install.db.rootconfig.configMethod=ROOT
修改完毕之后执行：
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1
./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignorePrereq -responseFile /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1/install/response/db_install.rsp
注意： 出现两个 orainstRoot.sh 和 root.sh 在开启一个终端进行执行这两个脚本必须在root用户下，直接复制就可以
2.4配置监听netca.rsp
直接执行：
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1/bin
./netca -silent -responsefile /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1/assistants/netca/netca.rsp
lsnrctl start
2.5配置dbca.rsp
################################################################################ #### DBCA response file #### ------------------ #### Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2019. All rights reserved. #### #### Specify values for the variables listed below to customize #### your installation. #### #### Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment #### can help to populate the variables with the appropriate #### values. #### #### IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and #### should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user #### or db administrator who owns this installation. #################################################################################-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Do not change the following system generated value. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------responseFileVersion=/oracle/assistants/rspfmt_dbca_response_schema_v19.0.0#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Name : gdbName# Datatype : String# Description : Global database name of the database# Valid values : <db_name>.<db_domain> - when database domain isn't NULL# <db_name> - when database domain is NULL# Default value : None# Mandatory : Yes#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------gdbName=orcl#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Name : sid# Datatype : String# Description : System identifier (SID) of the database# Valid values : Check Oracle19c Administrator's Guide# Default value : <db_name> specified in GDBNAME# Mandatory : No#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------sid=orcl#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Name : databaseConfigType# Datatype : String# Description : database conf type as Single Instance, Real Application Cluster or Real Application Cluster One Nodes database# Valid values : SI\RAC\RACONENODE# Default value : SI# Mandatory : No#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------databaseConfigType=SItemplateName=General_Purpose.dbc#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Name : createAsContainerDatabase # Datatype : boolean# Description : flag to create database as container database # Valid values : Check Oracle19c Administrator's Guide# Default value : false# Mandatory : No#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------createAsContainerDatabase=false#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Name : sysPassword# Datatype : String# Description : Password for SYS user# Valid values : Check Oracle19c Administrator's Guide# Default value : None# Mandatory : Yes#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------sysPassword=oracle#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Name : systemPassword# Datatype : String# Description : Password for SYSTEM user# Valid values : Check Oracle19c Administrator's Guide# Default value : None# Mandatory : Yes#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------systemPassword=oracle#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Name : datafileDestination # Datatype : String# Description : Location of the data file's# Valid values : Directory for all the database files# Default value : $ORACLE_BASE/oradata# Mandatory : No#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------datafileDestination=/u01/app/oracle/oradata#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Name : storageType# Datatype : String# Description : Specifies the storage on which the database is to be created# Valid values : FS (CFS for RAC), ASM# Default value : FS# Mandatory : No#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------storageType=FS#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Name : sampleSchema# Datatype : Boolean# Description : Specifies whether or not to add the Sample Schemas to your database# Valid values : TRUE \ FALSE# Default value : FASLE# Mandatory : No#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------sampleSchema=TRUE#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Name : databaseType# Datatype : String# Description : used for memory distribution when memoryPercentage specified# Valid values : MULTIPURPOSE|DATA_WAREHOUSING|OLTP# Default value : MULTIPURPOSE# Mandatory : NO#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------databaseType=MULTIPURPOSE#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Name : automaticMemoryManagement# Datatype : Boolean# Description : flag to indicate Automatic Memory Management is used# Valid values : TRUE/FALSE# Default value : TRUE# Mandatory : NO#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------automaticMemoryManagement=FALSE#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Name : totalMemory# Datatype : String# Description : total memory in MB to allocate to Oracle# Valid values : # Default value : # Mandatory : NO#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------totalMemory=4096
执行
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1/bin
./dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp
3.配置完成
sqlplus / as sysdba
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