前言：
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掌握 SSM 框架之后，最好是自己从零开始写一个项目来感受一下三个框架的整合过程，但在整合过程中需要注意很多的问题，也有一些非常棒的设计思想能够运用到项目。
基本环境搭建1.数据库准备
本文中使用的是sqlserver数据库，创建一个叫test的数据库，然后建立一个account的表，表的字段设计如下图：
2.创建maven工程
为了更方便的管理包，所以我们采用maven来进行包的管理工作，创建好maven管理的web项目(项目名为practice3)后，便是进行包的引入，修改pom.xml文件，修改为：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="; xmlns:xsi="; xsi:schemaLocation=" ;> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>org.example</groupId> <artifactId>practice3</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>practice3 Maven Webapp</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>;/url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target> <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version> <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version> <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version> <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version> <mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version> <tomcat.version>9.0.26</tomcat.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- 嵌入式Tomcat --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId> <version>${tomcat.version}</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId> <version>${tomcat.version}</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- jdbc驱动--> <dependency> <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId> <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId> <version>8.4.1.jre11</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.6.8</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- log start --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- log end --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.3.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1.2</version> <type>jar</type> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>practice2</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build></project>1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980818283848586878889909192939495969798991001011021031041051061071081091101111121131141151161171181191201211221231241251261271281291301311321331341351361371381391401411421431441451461471481491501511521531541551561571581591601611621631641651661671681691701711721731741751761771781791801811821831841851861871881891901911921931943.建立实体类建立一个存取数据的实体类Account（再com.gx.domain包中建立),实体类的代码如下：
package com.gx.domain;import java.io.Serializable;public class Account implements Serializable { private Integer id; private String name; private Double money; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Double getMoney() { return money; } public void setMoney(Double money) { this.money = money; } @Override public String toString() { return "Account{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", money=" + money + '}'; }}1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344实体类的三个属性分别对应了数据库的三个属性列。
4.编写service接口和service实现类
service接口：
package com.gx.service;import com.gx.domain.Account;import java.util.List;public interface AccountService { // 查询所有账户 public List<Account> findAll();}123456789101112service实现类：
package com.gx.service.Impl;import com.gx.domain.Account;import com.gx.service.AccountService;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.List;@Service("accountService")public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { @Override public List<Account> findAll() { System.out.println("Service业务层：查询所有账户..."); return null; }}1234567891011121314151617到这里基本环境就配置好了，目录结构如下：
2.Spring框架的实现1.编写applicationContext.xml的配置文件
创建applicationContext.xml文件，然后文件内容编写如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="; xmlns:xsi="; xmlns:context="; xmlns:aop="; xmlns:tx="; xsi:schemaLocation=" ;> <!--开启注解的扫描，希望处理service和dao，controller不需要Spring框架去处理--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.gx" > <!--配置哪些注解不扫描--> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan> </beans>12345678910111213141516171819202122233.SpringMVC的实现1.修改web.xml
对web.xml进行修改，修改后如下：
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "; ><web-app xmlns:xsi="; xmlns="; xsi:schemaLocation=" ; version="3.0"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!--配置前端控制器--> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!--加载springmvc.xml配置文件--> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!--启动服务器，创建该servlet--> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!--解决中文乱码的过滤器--> <filter> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping></web-app>1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041422.编辑springmvc.xml文件
创建springmvc.xml文件，文件的内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="; xmlns:mvc="; xmlns:context="; xmlns:xsi="; xsi:schemaLocation=" ;> <!--开启注解扫描，只扫描Controller注解--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.gx"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> </context:component-scan> <!--配置的视图解析器对象--> <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <!--开启SpringMVC注解的支持--> <mvc:annotation-driven/></beans>123456789101112131415161718192021222324253.创建jsp页面和控制层代码
修改index.jsp页面(由于建立的是web项目，所以会有一个index.jsp文件，所以直接修改这个文件就可以了)，修改后的内容如下：
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %><html><body><form action="/account/findAll" method="get"> <button type="submit">查询数据库数据</button></form></body></html>12345678
然后创建控制类AccountController,内容如下：
package com.gx.controller;import com.gx.domain.Account;import com.gx.service.AccountService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import java.util.List;@Controllerpublic class AccountController { @RequestMapping("/account/findAll") public String findAll(){ System.out.println("Controller表现层：查询所有账户..."); return "list"; //在视图解析器中配置了前缀后缀 }}1234567891011121314151617181920然后建立跳转后的list页面，在图示目录下建立list.jsp文件，
list.jsp的内容如下：
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %><%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="; %><html><head> <title>Title</title></head><body><h2>查询所有的账户</h2><tr> <td>ID</td> <td>名称</td> <td>余额</td></tr><br><c:forEach items="${list}" var="account"> <tr> <td>${account.id}</td> <td>${account.name}</td> <td>${account.money}</td> </tr> <br></c:forEach></body></html>123456789101112131415161718192021222324254.部署tomcat进行测试从前面maven引入的包中可以看出，项目是采用引入tomcat的相应包来启动tomcat服务的，所以只需编写一个Main类负责启动tomcat即可。编写的Main类如下：
package com.gx;import org.apache.catalina.Context;import org.apache.catalina.WebResourceRoot;import org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat;import org.apache.catalina.webresources.DirResourceSet;import org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot;import java.io.File;public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat(); tomcat.setPort(Integer.getInteger("port", 8080)); tomcat.getConnector(); Context ctx = tomcat.addWebapp("", new File("src/main/webapp").getAbsolutePath()); WebResourceRoot resources = new StandardRoot(ctx); resources.addPreResources( new DirResourceSet(resources, "/WEB-INF/classes", new File("target/classes").getAbsolutePath(), "/")); ctx.setResources(resources); tomcat.start(); tomcat.getServer().await(); }}12345678910111213141516171819202122232425然后运行main类的main方法，在浏览器输入localhost:8080后，显示主页面，点击按钮，能成功的跳转即为成功。
5.Spring整合SpringMVC1.在web.xml中配置ContextLoaderListener监听器
在web.xml中加入ContextLoaderListener监听器，代码如下：
<!--配置Spring的监听器，默认只加载WEB-INF目录下的applicationContext.xml配置文件--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!--设置配置文件的路径--> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param>123456789102.controller中注入service对象，调用service对象方法
修改AccountController.java文件，修改后如下：
package com.gx.controller;import com.gx.domain.Account;import com.gx.service.AccountService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import java.util.List;@Controllerpublic class AccountController { @Autowired private AccountService accountService ; @RequestMapping("/account/findAll") public String findAll(Model model) { //存数据， Model对象 System.out.println("Controller表现层：查询所有账户..."); // 调用service的方法 List<Account> list = accountService.findAll(); model.addAttribute("list",list); return "list"; }}123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627286.MyBatis的实现1.创建SqlMapConfig.xml文件内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" ";><configuration> <environments default="sql-server"> <environment id="sql-server"> <transactionManager type="JDBC"/> <dataSource type="POOLED"> <property name="driver" value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver"/> <property name="url" value="jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=test"/> <property name="username" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="1234567890"/> </dataSource> </environment> </environments><!-- <!– 使用的是注解 –>--><!-- <mappers>--><!-- <!– <mapper class="com.gx.dao.IAccountdao"/> –> <!– 该包下所有的dao接口都可以使用 –>--><!-- <package name="com.gx.dao"/>--><!-- </mappers>--> <!-- 配置映射资源文件--> <mappers> <mapper resource="userMapper.xml"/> </mappers></configuration>1234567891011121314151617181920212223242.建立userMapper.xml
内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" ";><mapper namespace="com.gx.domain.Account"> <!-- 查询全部用户--> <select id="queryAccounts" resultType="com.gx.domain.Account"> select * from account </select></mapper>123456789103.建立MyBatisutil文件
创建MyBatisutil.java文件，用于获取sqlsession对象，文件内容如下：
7.Spring整合MyBatis1.在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库连接池
配置的代码如下：
<!--Spring整合MyBatis框架--> <!--配置连接池--> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///ssm"/> <property name="user" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="root"/> </bean>123456789
最终的applicationContext.xml文件如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="; xmlns:xsi="; xmlns:context="; xmlns:aop="; xmlns:tx="; xsi:schemaLocation=" ;> <!--开启注解的扫描，希望处理service和dao，controller不需要Spring框架去处理--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.gx" > <!--配置哪些注解不扫描--> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan> <!--Spring整合MyBatis框架--> <!--配置连接池--> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=test"/> <property name="user" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="1234567890"/> </bean></beans>123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930318.收尾部分
到这里ssm的整合基本完成，接下来就是来编写自己的业务逻辑的部分。
1.完善AccountServiceImpl实现类
代码如下：
package com.gx.service.Impl;import com.gx.domain.Account;import com.gx.service.AccountService;import com.gx.util.MyBatisutil;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.List;@Service("accountService")public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { @Override public List<Account> findAll() { System.out.println("Service业务层：查询所有账户..."); // 获取SqlSession对象 SqlSession session = MyBatisutil.getSqlSession(); // 查询全部对象 List<Account> list = session.selectList("com.gx.domain.Account.queryAccounts"); return list; }}1234567891011121314151617181920212223242.运行测试测试成功的页面如下：
点击按钮
这里查到的数据和数据库的数据相同。
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标签： #整合ssm框架常见的问题
