使用Docker部署Nginx+Flask+Mongo的应用

Nginx做为服务器，Mongo为数据库支持，Flask为Python语言的Web框架，利用Docker的容器特性，可以简单地部署在linux服务器上

项目准备

项目主要目录如下

__ project-name

|__ docker-file

|__ ningx

|__ Dockerfile

|__ conf

|__ nginx.conf

|__ flask

|__ Dockerfile

|__ requirements.txt

|__ mongo

|__ Dockerfile

|__ setup.sh

|__ docker-compose.yml

|__ src

|__ app

|__ ...

|__ run.py

简要说明

docker-file目录为docker部署的配置文件

src目录为flask应用的python代码

Docker的详细配置

docker-compose配置

version: '2.2'

services:

mongo:

build: ./mongo

volumes:

- "./mongo/db:/data/db"

restart: always

ports:

- "27017:27017"

environment:

MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME: root

MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123456

flask:

build: ./flask

links:

- mongo

ports:

- "5000:5000"

expose:

- "5000"

volumes:

- ../src:/home/web

nginx:

build: ./nginx

links:

- flask

volumes:

- "./nginx/log:/var/log/nginx"

- "../:/usr/share/nginx/html"

ports:

- "80:80"

- "8080:8080"

- "443:443"

restart: always

MongoDB的配置

/mongo/Dockerfile的内容如下

FROM mongo:3.6

# 设置时区

ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai

RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$TZ /etc/localtime && echo $TZ > /etc/timezone

# 设置工作目录

ENV WORKDIR /usr/local/work

ENV AUTO_RUN_DIR /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d

ENV INSTALL_MONGO_SHELL setup.sh

RUN mkdir -p $WORKDIR

# 复制数据库的初始化命令

COPY ./$INSTALL_MONGO_SHELL $AUTO_RUN_DIR/

RUN chmod +x $AUTO_RUN_DIR/$INSTALL_MONGO_SHELL

/mongo/setup.sh的内容如下

该文件的目的是，启动MongoDB后创建一个密码为test的用户test，并赋予它数据库test的读写操作

#!/bin/bash

mongo <<EOF

use admin;

db.auth('root', '123456');

use dmx_aluminum;

db.createUser({user:'test',pwd:'test',roles:[{role:'readWrite',db:'test'}]});

db.createCollection("user");

EOF

Flask应用的配置

/flask/Dockerfile的内容如下

FROM python:3.6

# 设置时区

ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai

RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$TZ /etc/localtime && echo $TZ > /etc/timezone

# 设置工作区

RUN mkdir -p /home/web

WORKDIR /home/web

# 添加依赖

ADD requirements.txt /home/web/requirements.txt

RUN pip3 install -i -r requirements.txt

# 使用gunicorn启动应用

CMD gunicorn -w 4 -b 0.0.0.0:5000 run:app

/src/app/run.py的代码

此处注释了调试用的 app.run()，发布时用gunicorn启动

from app import create_app

app = create_app('default')

app.debug=False

# if __name__ == '__main__':

# app.run()

Nginx的配置

/nginx/Dockerfile的内容如下

FROM nginx:1.14

# 设置时区

ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai

RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$TZ /etc/localtime && echo $TZ > /etc/timezone

# 复制配置

COPY conf/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

/nignx/conf/nginx.conf的内容如下

user nginx;

worker_processes 1;

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;

pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {

worker_connections 1024;

}

http {

include /etc/nginx/mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

sendfile on;

#tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 65;

# 开启gzip

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 16k;

#gzip_http_version 1.0;

gzip_comp_level 1;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml text/javascript application/x-httpd-php image/jpeg image/gif image/png;

gzip_vary off;

gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";

server {

listen 80;

server_name localhost;

keepalive_timeout 5;

root /usr/share/nginx/html;

location /static/ {

alias /usr/share/nginx/html/src/app/static/;

}

location / {

# checks for static file, if not found proxy to app

try_files $uri @flask_app;

}

location @flask_app {

proxy_pass ; # 发布在阿里云上，应填写内网IP

proxy_redirect off;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

proxy_set_header Host $http_host;

proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

#proxy_buffers 8 32k;

#proxy_buffer_size 64k;

}

}

}

启动部署

进入docker-flie目录 cd docker-flie启动docker docker-compose up查看容器状态 docker ps本地部署浏览器输入 127.0.0.1即可

最后出现类似docker_file_nginx_1,docker_file_mongo_1, docker_file_flask_1的3个容器，说明成功！！！

踩坑吐槽

1 mongol容器中的初始化文件需要放在 docker-entrypoint-initdb.d 目录

本人做过如下尝试，会显示 mongdb未启动。

ADD setup.sh /data/setup.sh

RUN chmod +x /data/setup.sh

CMD ["/data/setup.sh"]

2 flask应用无法连接mongo，本文使用link方式

在数据库的配置应相应写成：

MONGODB_SETTINGS = {

'db': 'test',

'host': 'mongo', # 127.0.0.1 host地址一定要写你配置的--link的名字

'username': 'test',

'password': 'test',

'port': 27017

}

本地测试时改回127.0.0.1

3 nginx中配置使用的代理模式，其中执行flask应用的IP，应为内网IP