一、设置读取额外信息二、重写Listener中的extra()方法，获取合并单元格的信息三、遍历合并单元格的信息

1. 合并单元格只有第一个（firstRowIndex，firstColumnIndex）有值，所以要取到这个值。

2. 通过获取到的合并单元格信息（firstRowIndex,lastRowIndex,firstColumnIndex,lastColumnIndex），遍历此区域的每一个单元格，并给每一个单元格都赋上该值

3. 此方法的重点在于利用反射找到实体对应的属性，对应关系是@ExcelProperty(index = 0)

-> columnIndex

`index`对应了`columnIndex（也就是字段在excel所在的位置）`；`rowindex`对应了解析出来的`List<T> data的索引值`

四、代码清单

1. UploadDataListener.java

import com.alibaba.excel.context.AnalysisContext;import com.alibaba.excel.event.AnalysisEventListener;import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.CellExtra;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.api.Assert;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;/** * 模板的读取类 * * @author wangwei */public class UploadDataListener<T> extends AnalysisEventListener<T> {    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UploadDataListener.class);    /**     * 解析的数据     */    List<T> list = new ArrayList<>();    /**     * 正文起始行     */    private Integer headRowNumber;    /**     * 合并单元格     */    private List<CellExtra> extraMergeInfoList = new ArrayList<>();    public UploadDataListener(Integer headRowNumber) {        this.headRowNumber = headRowNumber;    }    /**     * 这个每一条数据解析都会来调用     *     * @param data    one row value. Is is same as {@link AnalysisContext#readRowHolder()}     * @param context context     */    @Override    public void invoke(T data, AnalysisContext context) {        LOGGER.info("解析到一条数据:{}", JSON.toJSONString(data));        list.add(data);    }    /**     * 所有数据解析完成了 都会来调用     *     * @param context context     */    @Override    public void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext context) {        LOGGER.info("所有数据解析完成！");    }    /**     * 加上存储数据库     */    public List<T> getData() {        return list;    }    @Override    public void extra(CellExtra extra, AnalysisContext context) {        LOGGER.info("读取到了一条额外信息:{}", JSON.toJSONString(extra));        switch (extra.getType()) {            case COMMENT: {                LOGGER.info("额外信息是批注,在rowIndex:{},columnIndex;{},内容是:{}", extra.getRowIndex(), extra.getColumnIndex(),                        extra.getText());                break;            }            case HYPERLINK: {                if ("Sheet1!A1".equals(extra.getText())) {                    LOGGER.info("额外信息是超链接,在rowIndex:{},columnIndex;{},内容是:{}", extra.getRowIndex(),                            extra.getColumnIndex(), extra.getText());                } else if ("Sheet2!A1".equals(extra.getText())) {                    LOGGER.info(                            "额外信息是超链接,而且覆盖了一个区间,在firstRowIndex:{},firstColumnIndex;{},lastRowIndex:{},lastColumnIndex:{},"                                    + "内容是:{}",                            extra.getFirstRowIndex(), extra.getFirstColumnIndex(), extra.getLastRowIndex(),                            extra.getLastColumnIndex(), extra.getText());                } else {                    Assert.fail("Unknown hyperlink!");                }                break;            }            case MERGE: {                LOGGER.info(                        "额外信息是合并单元格,而且覆盖了一个区间,在firstRowIndex:{},firstColumnIndex;{},lastRowIndex:{},lastColumnIndex:{}",                        extra.getFirstRowIndex(), extra.getFirstColumnIndex(), extra.getLastRowIndex(),                        extra.getLastColumnIndex());                if (extra.getRowIndex() >= headRowNumber) {                    extraMergeInfoList.add(extra);                }                break;            }            default: {            }        }    }    public List<CellExtra> getExtraMergeInfoList() {        return extraMergeInfoList;    }}

2. ExcelAnalysisHelper.java

import cn.xxx.UploadDataListener;import cn.xxx.BizException;import cn.xxx.ResultCode;import com.alibaba.excel.EasyExcel;import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty;import com.alibaba.excel.enums.CellExtraTypeEnum;import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.CellExtra;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;import java.io.IOException;import java.lang.reflect.Field;import java.util.List;/** * @author wangwei * @date 2020-12-01 13:34 **/public class ExcelAnalysisHelper<T> {    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExcelAnalysisHelper.class);    public List<T> getList(MultipartFile file, Class<T> clazz) {        return getList(file, clazz, 0, 1);    }    public List<T> getList(MultipartFile file, Class<T> clazz, Integer sheetNo, Integer headRowNumber) {        UploadDataListener<T> listener = new UploadDataListener<>(headRowNumber);        try {            EasyExcel.read(file.getInputStream(), clazz, listener).extraRead(CellExtraTypeEnum.MERGE).sheet(sheetNo).headRowNumber(headRowNumber).doRead();        } catch (IOException e) {            LOGGER.error(e.getMessage());        }        List<CellExtra> extraMergeInfoList = listener.getExtraMergeInfoList();        if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(extraMergeInfoList)) {            return listener.getData();        }        List<T> data = explainMergeData(listener.getData(), extraMergeInfoList, headRowNumber);        return data;    }    /**     * 处理合并单元格     *     * @param data               解析数据     * @param extraMergeInfoList 合并单元格信息     * @param headRowNumber      起始行     * @return 填充好的解析数据     */    private List<T> explainMergeData(List<T> data, List<CellExtra> extraMergeInfoList, Integer headRowNumber) {//        循环所有合并单元格信息        extraMergeInfoList.forEach(cellExtra -> {            int firstRowIndex = cellExtra.getFirstRowIndex() - headRowNumber;            int lastRowIndex = cellExtra.getLastRowIndex() - headRowNumber;            int firstColumnIndex = cellExtra.getFirstColumnIndex();            int lastColumnIndex = cellExtra.getLastColumnIndex();//            获取初始值            Object initValue = getInitValueFromList(firstRowIndex, firstColumnIndex, data);//            设置值            for (int i = firstRowIndex; i <= lastRowIndex; i++) {                for (int j = firstColumnIndex; j <= lastColumnIndex; j++) {                    setInitValueToList(initValue, i, j, data);                }            }        });        return data;    }    /**     * 设置合并单元格的值     *     * @param filedValue  值     * @param rowIndex    行     * @param columnIndex 列     * @param data        解析数据     */    public void setInitValueToList(Object filedValue, Integer rowIndex, Integer columnIndex, List<T> data) {        T object = data.get(rowIndex);        for (Field field : object.getClass().getDeclaredFields()) {            //提升反射性能，关闭安全检查            field.setAccessible(true);            ExcelProperty annotation = field.getAnnotation(ExcelProperty.class);            if (annotation != null) {                if (annotation.index() == columnIndex) {                    try {                        field.set(object, filedValue);                        break;                    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {                        throw new BizException(ResultCode.FAILURE, "解析数据时发生异常!");                    }                }            }        }    }    /**     * 获取合并单元格的初始值     * rowIndex对应list的索引     * columnIndex对应实体内的字段     *     * @param firstRowIndex    起始行     * @param firstColumnIndex 起始列     * @param data             列数据     * @return 初始值     */    private Object getInitValueFromList(Integer firstRowIndex, Integer firstColumnIndex, List<T> data) {        Object filedValue = null;        T object = data.get(firstRowIndex);        for (Field field : object.getClass().getDeclaredFields()) {            //提升反射性能，关闭安全检查            field.setAccessible(true);            ExcelProperty annotation = field.getAnnotation(ExcelProperty.class);            if (annotation != null) {                if (annotation.index() == firstColumnIndex) {                    try {                        filedValue = field.get(object);                        break;                    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {                        throw new BizException(ResultCode.FAILURE, "解析数据时发生异常!");                    }                }            }        }        return filedValue;    }}

注：easyexcel版本为2.2.6**

<!--========================EasyExcel 配置============================-->        <dependency>            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>            <artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId>            <version>2.2.6</version>        </dependency> <!--========================EasyExcel 配置结束========================-->