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java开发:S S M 整合开发详解

Java大蜗牛 752

前言:

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目录

一、整体思路

SSM: SpringMVC + Spring + MyBatis.

SpringMVC:视图层,界面层,负责接收请求,显示处理结果的。

Spring:业务层,管理service,dao,工具类对象的。

MyBatis:持久层, 访问数据库的

用户发起请求--SpringMVC接收--Spring中的Service对象--MyBatis处理数据

SSM整合也叫做SSI (IBatis也就是mybatis的前身), 整合中有容器。

第一个容器SpringMVC容器, 管理Controller控制器对象的。第二个容器Spring容器,管理Service,Dao,工具类对象的

我们要做的把使用的对象交给合适的容器创建,管理。 把Controller还有web开发的相关对象交给springmvc容器, 这些web用的对象写在springmvc配置文件中

service,dao对象定义在spring的配置文件中,让spring管理这些对象

springmvc容器和spring容器是有关系的,关系已经确定好了

springmvc容器是spring容器的子容器, 类似java中的继承。 子可以访问父的内容

在子容器中的Controller可以访问父容器中的Service对象, 就可以实现controller使用service对象

实现步骤:使用ssm的mysql库, 表使用student(id auto_increment, name, age)新建maven web项目加入依赖springmvc,spring,mybatis三个框架的依赖,jackson依赖,mysql驱动,druid连接池jsp,servlet依赖写web.xml注册DispatcherServlet ,目的:1.创建springmvc容器对象,才能创建Controller类对象。2.创建的是Servlet,才能接受用户的请求。注册spring的监听器:ContextLoaderListener,目的: 创建spring的容器对象,才能创建service,dao等对象。注册字符集过滤器,解决post请求乱码的问题创建包, Controller包, service ,dao,实体类包名创建好写springmvc,spring,mybatis的配置文件springmvc配置文件spring配置文件mybatis主配置文件数据库的属性配置文件写代码, dao接口和mapper文件, service和实现类,controller, 实体类。写jsp页面二、SSM整合注解开发

需求:完成学生的注册和信息浏览

1. 建立Student2. 建立Web工程

通过maven

3. maven依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="; xmlns:xsi=";  xsi:schemaLocation=" ;>  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  <groupId>com.md</groupId>  <artifactId>07-ssm</artifactId>  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>  <packaging>war</packaging>  <properties>    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>  </properties>  <dependencies>    <dependency>      <groupId>junit</groupId>      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>      <version>4.11</version>      <scope>test</scope>    </dependency>    <!--servlet依赖-->    <dependency>      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>      <version>3.1.0</version>      <scope>provided</scope>    </dependency>    <!-- jsp依赖 -->    <dependency>      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>      <version>2.2.1-b03</version>      <scope>provided</scope>    </dependency>    <!--springmvc依赖-->    <dependency>      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>      <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>    </dependency> <!--事务-->    <dependency>      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>      <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>    </dependency>    <dependency>      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>      <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>    </dependency>    <dependency>      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>      <version>2.9.0</version>    </dependency>    <dependency>      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>      <version>2.9.0</version>    </dependency>    <dependency>      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>      <version>1.3.1</version>    </dependency>    <dependency>      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>      <version>3.5.1</version>    </dependency>    <dependency>      <groupId>mysql</groupId>      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>      <version>5.1.9</version>    </dependency>    <dependency>      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>      <artifactId>druid</artifactId>      <version>1.1.12</version>    </dependency>  </dependencies>  <build>    <resources>      <resource>        <directory>src/main/java</directory><!--所在的目录-->        <includes><!--包括目录下的.properties,.xml 文件都会扫描到-->          <include>**/*.properties</include>          <include>**/*.xml</include>        </includes>        <filtering>false</filtering>      </resource>    </resources>  </build></project>
4. 定义程序结构5. 编写配置文件

jdbc属性配置文件jdbc.properties

jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmjdbc.username=rootjdbc.password=123456jdbc.maxActive=20

Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns=";       xmlns:xsi=";       xmlns:context=";       xsi:schemaLocation="   ;>    <!--spring的配置文件,声明service、dao、工具类对象-->    <!--注册组件扫描器-->    <!--声明service的注解@Service所在的包名位置-->    <context:component-scan base-package="com.md.service"/>    <!--声明数据源,连接数据库-->    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:conf/jdbc.properties"/>    <bean id="myDataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />        <property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc.maxActive}" />    </bean>    <!--SqlSessionFactory-->    <bean id="SqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">        <property name="dataSource" ref="myDataSource"/>        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:/conf/mybatis.xml"/>    </bean>    <!--创建 dao对象-->    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="SqlSessionFactory"/>        <!--指定包名,包名是dao接口所在的包名,dao默认对象的名称:是接口名字的首字母小写-->        <property name="basePackage" value="com.md.dao"/>    </bean>    <!--上面的这个是一个模板,只有一些配置文件的路径是根据自己创建写的--></beans>

SpringMVC的配置文件,dispatcherServlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns=";       xmlns:xsi=";       xmlns:context=";       xmlns:mvc=";       xsi:schemaLocation="     ;>    <!-- springmvc的配置文件,声明controller和其他web相关的对象-->        <!-- 注册组件扫描器,指定@Controller注解所在的类-->    <context:component-scan base-package="com.md.controller"/>    <!-- 指定视图解析器-->    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>    </bean>    <!--注册注解驱动        1. 响应ajax请求,返回json        2. 解决静态资源访问问题    -->    <mvc:annotation-driven/></beans>

mybatis的配置文件 , mybatis.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE configuration        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"        ";><configuration>    <!--<settings>-->        <!--<!–设置日志–>-->        <!--<setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>-->    <!--</settings>-->    <!--设置别名,在mapper.xml文件中,返回值不用在写包名了,直接写类名即可-->    <typeAliases>        <package name="com.md.domain"/>    </typeAliases>    <!-- sql映射文件的位置 -->    <mappers>        <!--name是包名,这个包中所有mapper.xml一次加载            使用package的要求            1. mapper文件名称和dao接口名称必须完全一样            2. mapper文件和dao接口必须在同一目录        -->        <package name="com.md.dao"/>    </mappers></configuration>
6. 定义web.xml

由于自动生成的是这样的,版本太低,需要换成现在高的版本,直接把之前写好的复制过来就行

换成这样

注册 ContextLoaderListener注册 DisatcherServlet注册字符集过滤器同时创建 Spring 的配置文件和 SpringMVC 的配置文件(上面已经创建好了)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns=";         xmlns:xsi=";         xsi:schemaLocation=" ;         version="4.0">  <!--注册中央调度器-->  <servlet>    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>    <init-param>      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>      <!--自定义路径-->      <param-value>classpath:conf/dispatcherServlet.xml</param-value>    </init-param>    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  </servlet>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <!--注册spring监听器-->  <context-param>    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>    <!--自定义路径-->    <param-value>classpath:conf/applicationContext.xml</param-value>  </context-param>  <listener>    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  </listener>  <!--注册字符集过滤器-->  <!--声明过滤器,解决post请求乱码的问题-->  <filter>    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>    <!--设置项目中使用的编码-->    <init-param>      <param-name>encoding</param-name>      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>    </init-param>    <init-param>      <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>      <param-value>true</param-value>    </init-param>    <init-param>      <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>      <param-value>true</param-value>    </init-param>  </filter>  <filter-mapping>    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>    <!--/* : 所有的请求都会先通过这个过滤器-->    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  </filter-mapping></web-app>
7. 实体类
package com.md.domain;/** * @author MD * @create 2020-08-13 20:21 */public class Student {    private Integer id;    private String name;    private Integer age;    public Student() {    }    public Integer getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(Integer id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public Integer getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(Integer age) {        this.age = age;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "Student{" +                "id=" + id +                ", name='" + name + '\'' +                ", age=" + age +                '}';    }}
8. Dao接口和映射文件

都在是dao包下,且文件名相同

package com.md.dao;import com.md.domain.Student;import java.util.List;/** * @author MD * @create 2020-08-13 20:22 */public interface StudentDao {    int insertStudent(Student student);    List<Student> selectStudents();}

StudentDao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE mapper        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"        ";><mapper namespace="com.md.dao.StudentDao">    <insert id="insertStudent" >      insert into student(name,age) values(#{name} , #{age})    </insert>    <!--设置了别名,这里返回值直接写类名-->    <select id="selectStudents" resultType="Student">    select id, name , age from student    </select></mapper>
9. Service接口和实现类
package com.md.service;import com.md.domain.Student;import java.util.List;/** * @author MD * @create 2020-08-13 20:31 */public interface StudentService {    int addStudent(Student student);    List<Student> findStudents();}

实现类

package com.md.service.impl;import com.md.dao.StudentDao;import com.md.domain.Student;import com.md.service.StudentService;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import javax.annotation.Resource;import java.util.List;/** * @author MD * @create 2020-08-13 20:32 */@Servicepublic class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {    // 引用数据类型的自动注入@Resource、@Autowired    @Resource    private StudentDao studentDao;    @Override    public int addStudent(Student student) {        int nums = studentDao.insertStudent(student);        return nums;    }    @Override    public List<Student> findStudents() {        return studentDao.selectStudents();    }}
10. 处理器

在controller包下

package com.md.controller;import com.md.domain.Student;import com.md.service.StudentService;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;import javax.annotation.Resource;import java.util.List;/** * @author MD * @create 2020-08-13 20:37 */@Controller@RequestMapping("/student")public class StudentController {    // 自动注入    @Resource    private StudentService service;    // 注册学生    @RequestMapping("/addStudent.do")    public ModelAndView addStudent(Student student){        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();        String tips = "注册失败";        // 调用service处理student        int nums = service.addStudent(student);        if (nums > 0){            tips = "注册成功";        }        // 添加数据,指定页面        mv.addObject("tips",tips);        mv.setViewName("result");        return mv;    }    // 处理查询,响应ajax    @RequestMapping("/queryStudent.do")    @ResponseBody    public List<Student> queryStudent(){        List<Student> students = service.findStudents();        // 会被框架转为json的数组        return students;    }}
11. 首页

index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %><%    String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" +            request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() +            request.getContextPath() + "/";%><html><head>    <title>功能入口</title>    <base href="<%=basePath%>"></head><body>    <div align="center">        <h2>SSM整合</h2>        <table>            <tr>                <td> <a href="addStudent.jsp">学生注册</a> </td>            </tr>            <br>            <tr>                <td><a href="listStudent.jsp">学生信息</a> </td>            </tr>        </table>    </div></body></html>
12. 注册页面

addStudent.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %><%    String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" +            request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() +            request.getContextPath() + "/";%><html><head>    <title>学生注册</title>    <base href="<%=basePath%>"></head><body>    <div align="center">        <form action="student/addStudent.do" method="post">            <table>                <tr>                    <td>姓名:</td>                    <td><input type="text" name="name"></td>                </tr>                <tr>                    <td>年龄:</td>                    <td><input type="text" name="age"></td>                </tr>                <tr>                    <td>    </td>                    <td><input type="submit" value="注    册"></td>                </tr>            </table>        </form>    </div></body></html>
13. 注册结果

在/WEB-INF/jsp/result.jsp

<%--  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.  User: MD  Date: 2020/8/13  Time: 20:45  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.--%><%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %><html><head>    <title>Title</title></head><body><h1>注册结果:${tips}</h1></body></html>
14. 浏览页面

listStudent.jsp

<%--  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.  User: MD  Date: 2020/8/13  Time: 21:10  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.--%><%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %><%    String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" +            request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() +            request.getContextPath() + "/";%><html><head>    <title>学生信息</title>    <base href="<%=basePath%>">    <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-3.4.1.js"></script>    <script type="text/javascript" >        $(function () {            // 在当前的页面加载后执行loadStudent函数            loadStudent();            $("#btn").click(function () {                loadStudent();            });        });        // 自定义函数        function loadStudent() {            $.ajax({                url:"student/queryStudent.do",                type:"get",                dataType:"json",                success:function (data) {                    // 清除旧数据                    $("#info").html("");                    $.each(data,function (i,n) {                        // 添加新数据                        $("#info").append("<tr>")                            .append("<td>"+n.id+"</td>")                            .append("<td>"+n.name+"</td>")                            .append("<td>"+n.age+"</td>")                            .append("</tr>")                    })                }            });        }    </script></head><body>    <div align="center">        <table>            <thead>                <tr>                    <td>学号</td>                    <td>姓名</td>                    <td>年龄</td>                </tr>            </thead>            <tbody id="info">            </tbody>        </table>        <input type="button" id="btn" value="查询数据">    </div></body></html>

此时再配置Tomcat运行即可,之后再添加新的功能

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