Web文件上传

RFC1867协议：

RFC1867主要是在HTTP协议的基础上为INPUT标签增加了file属性，同时限定了Form的method必须为POST，ENCTYPE必须为multipart/form-data。

表单上传协议：

POST /web/upload.html HTTP/1.1header-name: header-valueUser-Agent: MyBrowserHost: 127.0.0.1:9090Proxy-Connection: Keep-AliveContent-Length: 5989Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----------------314159265358979323846 ------------------314159265358979323846Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file1"; filename="logo.gif"Content-Type: application/octet-stream; charset=ISO-8859-1Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary --二进制内容（略） ------------------314159265358979323846Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file2"; filename="logo.png"Content-Type: application/octet-stream; charset=ISO-8859-1Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary --二进制内容（略） ------------------314159265358979323846--

pom.xml

<!-- 上传文件 --><dependency>    <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>    <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>    <version>1.3.3</version></dependency><dependency>    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>    <version>2.4</version></dependency>

Servlet类

package com.what21.servlet.upload;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;import com.what21.servlet.upload.helper.HttpServletUploadHelper;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;@WebServlet("/upload/form")public class FormUploadServlet extends HttpServlet {    @Override    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {        Map<String, Object> dataMap = new HashMap<>();        dataMap.put("code", "ok");        // ===================================================================================//        // ===== 处理&保存文件        // ===================================================================================//        String tmpDir = "D:/Temp/Upload/tmp"; // 临时目录        String domain = "";  // 域        String function = "head";  // 功能        String storagePath = "D:/Temp/Upload/"; // 上传目录        List<HttpServletUploadHelper.Entity> entityList = null;        try {            List<FileItem> fileItemList = HttpServletUploadHelper.toFileItems(request, tmpDir, "UTF-8");            entityList = HttpServletUploadHelper.parseToEntitys(fileItemList, storagePath, domain, function);            dataMap.put("data", entityList);        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();            dataMap.put("code", "error");            dataMap.put("msg", e.getMessage());        }        // ===================================================================================//        // ===== 返回结果        // ===================================================================================//        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();        String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(dataMap);        response.setContentType("text/json;charset=UTF-8");        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");        PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();        writer.print(json);        writer.flush();    }}

工具类

package com.what21.servlet.upload.helper;import com.relops.snowflake.Snowflake;import lombok.Data;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.FileCleanerCleanup;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;import org.apache.commons.io.FileCleaningTracker;import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;import org.apache.commons.io.FilenameUtils;import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.util.Random;public final class HttpServletUploadHelper {    // ===================================================================================//    // ===== header中操作    // ===================================================================================//    /**     * 从header中获取值     *     * @param request     * @param name     * @param defaultValue     * @return     */    public static String getHeaderValue(HttpServletRequest request, String name, String defaultValue) {        String value = request.getHeader(name);        if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(value)) {            return value;        }        return defaultValue;    }    // ===================================================================================//    // ===== 文件操作    // ===================================================================================//    /**     * 获取文件后缀     *     * @param name     * @return     */    public static String getFileSuffix(String name) {        if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(name)) {            if (name.contains(".")) {                return name.split("\\.")[1];            }        }        return "";    }    /**     * 交换保存     *     * @param inputStream     * @param filename     * @throws IOException     */    public static File exchangeSave(InputStream inputStream, String filename) throws IOException {        File saveFile = new File(filename);        if (!saveFile.getParentFile().exists()) {            saveFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();        }        FileOutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(filename);        int r = -1;        byte[] bytes = new byte[512];        while ((r = inputStream.read(bytes)) != -1) {            output.write(bytes, 0, r);        }        output.flush();        output.close();        return saveFile;    }    // ===================================================================================//    // ===== 实体操作    // ===================================================================================//    /**     * 从header中取参数     *     * @param request     * @param domain     * @param function     * @return     * @throws IOException     */    public static Entity createEntityWithHeader(HttpServletRequest request, String domain, String function) throws IOException {        Entity entity = new Entity();        entity.setId(getSnowflakeId());        entity.setModular(HttpServletUploadHelper.getHeaderValue(request, "modular", "communal"));        entity.setModel(HttpServletUploadHelper.getHeaderValue(request, "model", "common"));        entity.setName(HttpServletUploadHelper.getHeaderValue(request, "name", getRandomString(30)));        entity.setType(HttpServletUploadHelper.getHeaderValue(request, "type", "file"));        entity.setSuffix(HttpServletUploadHelper.getFileSuffix(entity.getName()));        entity.setFile(entity.getId() + "." + entity.getSuffix());        String accessAddress = "/" + entity.getModular() + "/" + entity.getModular();        String storageAddress = "/" + entity.getModular() + "/" + entity.getModular();        if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(domain)) {            accessAddress = domain + "/" + accessAddress;            storageAddress = domain + "/" + storageAddress;        }        if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(function)) {            accessAddress = accessAddress + "/" + function;            storageAddress = storageAddress + "/" + function;        }        accessAddress = accessAddress + "/" + entity.getId();        storageAddress = storageAddress + "/" + entity.getId();        entity.setAccessAddress(accessAddress);        entity.setStorageAddress(storageAddress);        entity.setStatus(0);        return entity;    }    // ===================================================================================//    // ===== 实体类    // ===================================================================================//    @Data    public static class Entity {        // 主键ID        private Long id;        // 系统一级模块        private String modular;        // 系统二级模块        private String model;        // 静态资源名称        private String name;        // 静态资源类型        private String type;        // 静态资源文件        private String file;        // 文件大小        private Long size;        // 静态资源后缀        private String suffix;        // 静态资源状态        private Integer status;        // 资源存储地址        private String storageAddress;        // 资源访问地址        private String accessAddress;    }    // ===================================================================================//    // ===== 工具操作    // ===================================================================================//    /**     * @return     */    public static Long getSnowflakeId() {        return getSnowflakeId(1);    }    /**     * @param node     * @return     */    public static Long getSnowflakeId(int node) {        Snowflake snowflake = new Snowflake(node);        return snowflake.next();    }    /**     * 获取随机字符串     *     * @param length     * @return     */    public static String getRandomString(int length) {        String str = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789";        Random random = new Random();        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {            int number = random.nextInt(62);            sb.append(str.charAt(number));        }        return sb.toString();    }    // ===================================================================================//    // ===== 表单上传    // ===================================================================================//    /**     * @param request     * @param tmpDir     * @param encode     * @return     * @throws FileUploadException     */    public static List<FileItem> toFileItems(HttpServletRequest request, String tmpDir, String encode) throws FileUploadException {        DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();        // 重新设置临时文件保存目录        factory.setRepository(new File(tmpDir));        // 设置文件清除追踪器，文件上传过程中产生的临时文件        FileCleaningTracker fileCleaningTracker = FileCleanerCleanup.getFileCleaningTracker(request.getServletContext());        factory.setFileCleaningTracker(fileCleaningTracker);        ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);        // 设置字符编码UTF-8        upload.setHeaderEncoding(encode);        // 解析请求数据包        return upload.parseRequest(request);    }    /**     * @param fileItemList     * @param storagePath     * @param domain     * @param function     * @return     * @throws IOException     */    public static List<Entity> parseToEntitys(List<FileItem> fileItemList, String storagePath, String domain, String function)            throws IOException {        List<Entity> entityList = new ArrayList<>();        // ===================================================================//        // =====模块化参数        // ===================================================================//        String modular = "communal";        String model = "common";        for (FileItem fileItem : fileItemList) {            String fieldName = fileItem.getFieldName();            if (fileItem.isFormField()) {                if ("modular".equals(fieldName)) {                    modular = fileItem.getString();                } else if ("model".equals(fieldName)) {                    model = fileItem.getString();                }            }        }        // ===================================================================//        // =====地址处理        // ===================================================================//        String accessAddress = "/" + modular + "/" + model;        String storageAddress = "/" + modular + "/" + model;        if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(domain)) {            accessAddress = domain + "/" + accessAddress;            storageAddress = domain + "/" + storageAddress;        }        if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(function)) {            accessAddress = accessAddress + "/" + function;            storageAddress = storageAddress + "/" + function;        }        // ===================================================================//        // =====保存并构建对象        // ===================================================================//        for (FileItem fileItem : fileItemList) {            String name = fileItem.getName();            if (!fileItem.isFormField() && fileItem.getSize() > 0) {                // 文件后缀                String fileExtension = FilenameUtils.getExtension(name);                // 文件名                String fileName = FilenameUtils.getName(name);                Entity entity = new Entity();                entity.setId(getSnowflakeId());                entity.setModular(modular);                entity.setModel(model);                entity.setName(fileName);                entity.setType(fileItem.getContentType());                entity.setSuffix(fileExtension);                entity.setFile(entity.getId() + "." + fileExtension);                entity.setSize(fileItem.getSize());                entity.setStatus(0);                entity.setAccessAddress(accessAddress + "/" + entity.getId());                entity.setStorageAddress(storageAddress + "/" + entity.getId());                // 保存文件                File saveFile = new File(storagePath + entity.getStorageAddress());                if (!saveFile.getParentFile().exists()) {                    saveFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();                }                FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(fileItem.getInputStream(), saveFile);                entityList.add(entity);            }        }        return entityList;    }    // ===================================================================================//    // ===== The end    // ===================================================================================//}

Postman测试

结果

{    "code": "ok",    "data": [        {            "id": 6905426757113876480,            "modular": "modular01",            "model": "model01",            "name": "001.jpg",            "type": "image/jpeg",            "file": "6905426757113876480.jpg",            "size": 4473,            "suffix": "jpg",            "status": 0,            "storageAddress": "/modular01/model01/head/6905426757113876480",            "accessAddress": "/modular01/model01/head/6905426757113876480"        },        {            "id": 6905426757130653696,            "modular": "modular01",            "model": "model01",            "name": "212.txt",            "type": "text/plain",            "file": "6905426757130653696.txt",            "size": 1003,            "suffix": "txt",            "status": 0,            "storageAddress": "/modular01/model01/head/6905426757130653696",            "accessAddress": "/modular01/model01/head/6905426757130653696"        }    ]}

表单测试页面

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head>    <meta charset="UTF-8">    <title>Form表单上传</title>    <script src=";></script>    <link href="; rel="stylesheet"></head><body>    <div class="container " style="width:600px;">        <span>          <h1>Form表单上传</h1>        </span>        <form method="post" action="; enctype="multipart/form-data">            <input type="hidden" name="model" value="object" />            <div class="form-group">                <label for="address">上传地址:</label>                <input id="address" name="address" class="form-control" value="; />            </div>            <div class="form-group">                <label for="modular">一级模块:</label>                <input id="modular" name="modular" class="form-control" value="modular"/>            </div>            <div class="form-group">                <label for="model">二级模块:</label>                <input id="model" name="model" class="form-control" value="model" />            </div>            <div class="form-group">                <label for="file1">上传文件1:</label>                <input id="file1" type="file" name="file1" value="" class="form-control" />            </div>            <div class="form-group">                <label for="file2">上传文件2:</label>                <input id="file2" type="file" name="file2" value="" class="form-control" />            </div>            <div class="form-group">                <label for="desc">描述:</label>                <textarea id="desc" name="desc" class="form-control" style="min-height: 200px;"></textarea>            </div>            <div class="form-group form-check">                <label class="form-check-label">                    <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox">记住我                </label>            </div>            <button type="reset" class="btn btn-secondary">取消</button>            <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">提交</button>        </form>    </div></body></html>